Article Tags

You searched “Quick Facts For Prelims”. Your tag search matches the following results:

Nano Urea Liquid: IFFCO

Why in News Recently, the Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) introduced the world's first Nano Urea Liquid for farmers across the...

01 Jun 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
OPV Sajag

Why in News Recently, the Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) Sajag got commissioned into the Indian Coast Guard (ICG). Key Points About Sajag:...

31 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Statehood Day of Goa

Why in News On the Statehood Day of Goa (30th May), the Prime Minister greeted the people of the state. Key Points About: Goa is located on...

31 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Yellow Fungus

Why in News After black and white fungus, the recent case of yellow fungus has become a cause for concern. Key Points About: Yellow fungus,...

29 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Sun Halo/Kaleidoscope Effect

Why in News Recently, the people of Bangalore witnessed a bright rainbow ring around the sun for a few moments - a rare optical and atmospheric...

27 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
WHO BioHub Initiative

Why in News The World Health Organization (WHO) and Switzerland have launched a BioHub facility that will allow pathogens sharing between...

26 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
National Award for Recycling Carbon Technology

Why in News A Bangalore based startup has received the National Award 2021 from Technology Development Board (TDB) for developing a commercial...

25 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
White Fungus

Why in News As the central government asks states to notify black fungus or mucormycosis an epidemic, an infection called white fungus or...

21 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
E-Way Bill Integration with FASTag, RFID

Why in News The Union Government has integrated the E-Way Bill (EWB) system with FasTag and RFID. Key Points Electronic Way (E-Way) Bill:...

20 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
International Museums Day

Why in News International Museum Day is observed on 18th May every year to raise awareness among people about the museums. 2021 Theme: The Future...

19 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
PM-KISAN

Why in News Recently, the Prime Minister released the 8th instalment of financial benefit under Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN). Key...

15 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Basava Jayanti: Birth Anniversary of Guru Basaveshwara

Why in News The Prime Minister of India paid tribute to Jagadguru Basaveshwara on the occasion of Basava Jayanthi. In November 2015, the Prime...

15 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
HakkiPikki Tribe of Karnataka

Why in News Recently, some people of the HakkiPikki Tribe survived Covid-19 in Karnataka. Key Points About: The HakkiPikki tribes are semi...

12 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
National Technology Day

Why in News India observes its National Technology Day on 11th May every year. Key Points About: The day, which was first observed on 11th...

12 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana

Why in News Recently, thirteen states have started distributing foodgrains under the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKAY). The scheme...

11 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Birth Anniversary of Maharana Pratap

Why in News The Prime Minister of India paid tributes to Maharana Pratap on his Jayanti. Key Points Description: Rana Pratap Singh also known...

10 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Rabindranath Tagore

Why in News The Prime Minister paid tribute to Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore on 160th Jayanti on 7th May, 2021. Key Points Birth: He was born...

10 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Mucormycosis

Why in News A number of Covid-19 patients are developing a serious fungal infection known as Mucormycosis also called black fungus. Key...

10 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Dahla Dam

Why in News Recently, the Taliban has captured Afghanistan’s second-biggest dam - Dahla Dam. Key Points Dahla Dam: The Dahla Dam is...

08 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
SVAMITVA Scheme

Why in News Recently, the Ministry of Panchayati Raj has released the new framework for implementation of the SVAMITVA Scheme. SVAMITVA stands...

06 May 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims

Warning (2): count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable [ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp, line 100]

Code Context


<?php if(count($updates)>0){?>
  <div class="updates">

$viewFile = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'progress' => [],
	'bookmarks' => [],
	'notes' => [],
	'mynote' => [],
	'topdata' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'searchdata' => [],
	'amonth' => 'July',
	'ayear' => '2021',
	'articles' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 15 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 16 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 17 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 18 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 19 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'title' => 'Article Tags'
]
$progress = []
$bookmarks = []
$notes = []
$mynote = []
$topdata = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'url' => 'https://www.drishtiias.com/careers',
		'title' => 'We are hiring Full Time Content Developers, to know more, please click here.',
		'type' => (int) 1,
		'date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'news'
	
	}
]
$searchdata = []
$amonth = 'July'
$ayear = '2021'
$articles = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8498,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Nano Urea Liquid: IFFCO',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO)</strong> introduced the <strong>world's first Nano Urea Liquid</strong> for farmers across the world.</p>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>one of India's biggest cooperative societies</strong> which is <strong>wholly owned by Indian <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bihar-to-sell-kashmiri-apples" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cooperatives</a>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Founded in 1967</strong> with just 57 cooperatives, today it is an amalgamation of over 36,000 Indian Cooperatives with <strong>diversified business interests ranging from General Insurance to Rural Telecom</strong> apart from its core business of manufacturing and selling fertilisers.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To <strong>enable Indian farmers to prosper through timely supply of reliable, high quality agricultural inputs and services</strong> in an environmentally sustainable manner and to undertake other activities to improve their welfare.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a <strong>nutrient</strong> (liquid)<strong> to provide nitrogen to plants</strong> as an alternative to the conventional urea.</li>
<li>It is <strong>developed to replace conventional urea</strong> and it can <strong>curtail the requirement of the same by at least 50%.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It contains 40,000 mg/L of nitrogen in a 500 ml bottle which is <strong>equivalent to the impact of nitrogen nutrient provided by one bag of conventional urea.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Conventional urea is effective 30-40%</strong> in delivering nitrogen to plants, while the effectiveness of the <strong>Nano Urea Liquid is over 80%.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Its <strong>effectiveness</strong> has been tested in over <strong>11,000 farmers&rsquo; fields for 94 crops like rice and wheat.</strong></li>
<li>An average <strong>8% increase in yield</strong> has been witnessed.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Developed At:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It has been<strong> indigenously</strong> developed at <strong>Nano <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/biotechnology-and-its-applications" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Biotechnology</a> Research Centre, Kalol, Gujrat</strong> in line with <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/atmanirbhar-bharat-and-economic-stimulus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat</strong></a> and<strong> Atmanirbhar Krishi.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>India is <strong>dependent on imports</strong> to meet its<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/subsidy-policy-for-urea-produced-from-coal-gasification" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> urea requirements.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Improves Plant Nutrition:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It has been found effective and efficient for plant nutrition which<strong> increases the production with improved nutritional quality.</strong></li>
<li>It will <strong>boost a balanced nutrition program by reducing the excess use of Urea application</strong> in the soil and will make the crops stronger, healthier and protect them from <strong>lodging effect.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Lodging</strong> is the bending over of the stems near ground level of grain crops, which makes them very difficult to harvest, and can <strong>dramatically reduce yield.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Improves Environment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It will also have a <strong>huge positive impact on the quality of underground water,</strong> a very <strong>significant reduction in global warming</strong> with an<strong> impact on <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/climate-change-and-development-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">climate change</a> </strong>and<a href="/to-the-points/paper3/sustainable-development-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> sustainable development.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Increase Farmers&rsquo; Income:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is easy on the pocket of farmers and will be effective in <strong>increasing farmers' income.</strong> It will also significantly <strong>bring down the cost of logistics and warehousing.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/iffco-launches-worlds-first-nano-liquid-urea-7338821/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'nano-urea-liquid-iffco',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8491,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'OPV Sajag',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/opv-yard-45006-vajra" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV)</a> Sajag</strong> got commissioned into the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/icgs-varaha" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Indian Coast Guard (ICG).</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622459876_image3.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622459876_image3.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Sajag:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>third out of five OPV</strong> indigenously designed and built by the Goa Shipyard Limited. It is built under the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/a-flawed-defence-procurement-policy" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Make in India</strong></a> policy.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Other four <strong>OPVs</strong> are Indian Coast Guard Ship <strong>(ICGS) Saksham, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/icgs-sachet" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ICGS Sachet</a>, ICGS Sujeet, and ICGS Sarthak.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is<strong> fitted with advanced technology equipment, weapons and sensors</strong> capable of carrying a twin engine helicopter and four high speed boats.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>OPVs are<strong> long-range surface ships</strong> capable of coastal and offshore patrolling, policing maritime zones, control &amp; surveillance, anti-smuggling &amp; anti-piracy operations with limited wartime roles.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It will<strong> help to manage greater responsibilities</strong> in the years to come and will strengthen ICGs concurrent <strong>multiple operations' capability</strong> towards ensuring safe, secure and clean seas as also <strong>responding promptly to maritime emergencies in neighbourhood.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Indian Coast Guard: </strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is an <strong>Armed Force, Search and Rescue and Maritime Law Enforcement agency</strong> under the Ministry of Defence.</li>
<li>It has a wide range of task capabilities for both surface and air operations. <strong>It is one of the largest coast guards in the world.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Establishment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It was established on <strong>18<sup>th</sup> August 1978</strong> by the Coast Guard Act, 1978. It performs non-military functions.</li>
<li>The concept of forming ICG came into being after the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/vijay-diwas-50-years-of-indo-pak-war-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>1971 war</strong></a> the blueprint for a multidimensional Coast Guard was <strong>conceived by the visionary Rustamji Committee.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Head and Headquarter:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The organization is headed by the<strong> Director General Indian Coast Guard (DGICG)</strong> exercising his overall command and superintendence from the <strong>Coast Guard Headquarters</strong> (CGHQ) located at <strong>New Delhi.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Jurisdiction:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It has jurisdiction over the territorial waters of India including <strong>contiguous zone and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/unclos-maritime-zones" target="_blank" rel="noopener">exclusive economic zone.</a></strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Function:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Responsible for<strong> marine environment protection</strong> in maritime zones of India.</li>
<li>Acts as a <strong>coordinating authority for responding to <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/oil-spill-in-mauritius" target="_blank" rel="noopener">oil spills</a></strong> in Indian waters.</li>
<li>Protects India's <strong>maritime interests</strong> and enforces its <strong>maritime law.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/coast-guard-will-get-more-responsibilities-ajit-doval/article34679490.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'opv-sajag',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8487,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Statehood Day of Goa',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>On the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/statehood-day-of-goa" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Statehood Day of Goa</a> (30<sup>th</sup> May)</strong>, the Prime Minister greeted the people of the state.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Goa is located on the<strong> southwestern coast of India</strong> within the <strong>region known as the Konkan,</strong> and geographically <strong>separated from the Deccan highlands by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ecologically-sensitive-areas-in-western-ghats" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Western Ghats</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Capital:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Panji.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Official Language:<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622449361_image2.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622449361_image2.png" style="float: right;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Konkani which is one of the 22 languages from the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bill-to-change-stature-of-official-languages" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Eight Schedule</a></strong>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Borders:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is surrounded by <strong>Maharashtra</strong> to the north and <strong>Karnataka</strong> to the east and south, with the <strong>Arabian Sea</strong> forming its western coast.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>History:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>As India gained independence on <strong>15<sup>th</sup> August, 1947,</strong> it requested the Portugese to cede their territories. However, Portuguese refused.</li>
<li>In 1961, Indian Government launched <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/goa-liberation-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Operation Vijay</strong></a> and <strong>annexed Daman and Diu islands and Goa</strong> with the Indian mainland.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/goa-liberation-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Goa Liberation Day</strong></a> is observed on <strong>19<sup>th</sup> December</strong> every year in India.</li>
<li>It can be noted that the <strong>Portuguese were the first Europeans to come to India (1498)</strong> and were also the <strong>last to leave this land (1961).</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>On <strong>30<sup>th</sup> May, 1987, the territory was split and Goa was formed.</strong> Daman and Diu remained Union Territory.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Geography:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>highest point of Goa is Sonsogor.</strong></li>
<li>Goa's seven <strong>major rivers</strong> are the <strong>Zuari, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mhadei-river" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mandovi</a>, Terekhol, Chapora, Galgibag, Kumbarjua canal, Talpona and the Sal.</strong></li>
<li>Most of Goa's <strong>soil cover is made up of laterites.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Parks:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Dr. Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mhadei-wildlife-sanctuary" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Mhadei Wildlife Sanctuary</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/black-panther-in-netravali-sanctuary" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Netravali Wildlife Sanctuary</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/demand-for-declaration-of-goa-sanctuaries-as-tiger-reserve" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Cotigao Wildlife Sanctuary</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/demand-for-declaration-of-goa-sanctuaries-as-tiger-reserve" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Bhagwan Mahaveer Sanctuary</strong></a></li>
<li>Mollem National Park</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1722931" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'statehood-day-of-goa-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8480,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Yellow Fungus',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>After black and white fungus, the recent case of yellow fungus has become a cause for concern.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Yellow fungus, <strong>also called mucor septic</strong>, initially <strong>develops by the presence of moulds</strong> (a type of fungi) in the environment.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It <strong>may be present</strong> with unnecessary fatigue, rashes, burning sensation <strong>on skin</strong> etc.</li>
<li>Humidity levels below 30-40% can promote the growth of fungus.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It <strong>may not start from the lungs but it invades internal organs of the body</strong> and affects the entire functioning.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Potential Causes:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Prolonged use of steroids, contaminated environment, uncontrolled diabetes, unhygienic habits, lesser immunity, comorbidities.</li>
<li>The treatment for <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/coronavirus-disease-named-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19</strong></a> includes steroids and immunosuppressants that leave the body with weak immunity.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Symptoms:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Weight loss, reduced appetite, lethargy are the <strong>common symptoms</strong> of yellow fungus infection.</li>
<li>If not detected in time, symptoms can become <strong>more severe including pus leakage, sunken eyes, organ failure, slow healing of wounds and necrosis</strong> (cells in the living tissues die prematurely).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Treatment:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Till now the only <strong>known treatment for yellow fungus is Amphotericin B injection</strong>, which is an antifungal drug also being <strong>used to treat black fungus.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Prevention:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Maintaining hygiene, not consuming stale food, keeping the humidity in the room in check, etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mucormycosis-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Black Fungus</strong></a></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Mucormycosis, previously known as zygomycosis</strong> and sometimes termed as black fungus, is generally spread by breathing in, eating food contaminated by, or <strong>getting spores of molds of the Mucorales type</strong> in an open wound.</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/white-fungus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>White Fungus</strong></a></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>White Fungus or <strong>Candidiasis</strong> is a fungal infection <strong>caused by a yeast (a type of fungus) called Candida.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/yellow-fungus-fungal-infection-covid-pandemic-7329896/&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1622281148600000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0ICmjwLT8wuot7Ub9SfIo5" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'yellow-fungus',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8467,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Sun Halo/Kaleidoscope Effect',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>people of Bangalore witnessed a bright rainbow ring around the sun</strong> for a few moments - a rare optical and atmospheric phenomenon called <strong>&ldquo;22 degree circular Halo&rdquo;.</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622116045_image1.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1622116045_image1.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="300" caption="false" /></strong></a></p>
<h3>Key Point</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The phenomenon<strong> popularly known as the 22 degree circular halo of the sun or occasionally the Moon</strong> (also called a moon ring or winter halo), <strong>occurs when the sun&rsquo;s or moon&rsquo;s rays get deflected/refracted through the hexagonal ice crystals </strong>present<strong> in cirrus clouds.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This is<strong> also called the Kaleidoscopic Effect.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>These halos <strong>are called 22-degree halos,</strong> as the halo or ring has an <strong>apparent radius of 22 degrees</strong> around the sun/moon.</li>
<li><strong>Circular halos specifically are produced by cirrus clouds,</strong> which are thin, detached, hair-like clouds. These clouds are formed very high up in the atmosphere, at a height of over 20,000 feet.</li>
<li>Just like a rainbow, a halo is visible when viewed from the right angle &mdash; sometimes appearing just white but often with colours of the spectrum also clearly present.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The halo is the<strong> brightest at the inner edge</strong> of the circular disk, with no light inside the disk as no light is refracted at smaller angles.</li>
<li><strong>Red</strong> light is <strong>refracted less</strong> than other colours of light, so the halo&rsquo;s <strong>inner edge</strong> is <strong>reddish.</strong> Other<strong> shades</strong> typically tend to<strong> overlap and wash out.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-in-india/bengaluru-residents-witness-rare-halo-around-the-sun-photos-go-viral-7328456/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'sun-halo-kaleidoscope-effect',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8454,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'WHO BioHub Initiative',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The<a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-health-organization-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> World Health Organization (WHO)</strong></a> and<strong> Switzerland</strong> have launched a <strong>BioHub facility</strong> that will allow <strong>pathogens sharing</strong> between laboratories and facilitate &ldquo;analysis and preparedness&rdquo; against them.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About BioHub Facility:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The facility will help in <strong>safe reception, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/computation-analysis-of-indian-genes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">sequencing</a>,</strong> <strong>storage and preparation</strong> of <strong>biological materials</strong> for distribution to other laboratories, so as to facilitate global preparedness against these pathogens.</li>
<li>It will <strong>enable member states to share biological materials with and via the BioHub</strong> under pre-agreed conditions, including biosafety, biosecurity, and other applicable regulations.</li>
<li>In parallel, WHO will <strong>broaden its BioHub System for the use of biological materials by qualified entities</strong> &ndash; such as manufacturers &ndash; for the development of medical by-products for fair allocation to countries.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Covid-19</strong> </a>pandemic and other outbreaks and epidemics have underscored the <strong>importance of rapidly sharing pathogens</strong> to help the global scientific community <strong>assess the risk and develop countermeasures</strong> such as diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Pathogens<strong> have been shared bilaterally</strong> between countries: A process that<strong> can be sluggish and deny the benefits</strong> to some.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>This will ensure the <strong>timely sharing of epidemiological and clinical data</strong> as well as<strong> biological materials.</strong></li>
<li>The move will help<strong> contribute to the establishment of an international exchange system</strong> for novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging pathogens.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Pathogens</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Definition:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>A pathogen is <strong>a biological agent that causes disease or illness.</strong> <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/zoonotic-diseases" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Zoonotic pathogen</strong></a> refers to pathogens naturally transmitted between animals and humans.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Types of Pathogens:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Virus:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Viruses are made up of a piece of genetic code, such as DNA or RNA, and protected by a coating of protein. Viruses invade host cells within the body. They then use the components of the host cell to replicate, producing more viruses.</li>
<li><strong>Examples of diseases caused by viruses:</strong> Chickenpox, <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bird-flu-threat" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Flu (influenza)</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Covid-19</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-aids-day-2020#:~:text=AIDS%20is%20a%20pandemic%20disease,key%20populations%20and%20their%20partners." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS)</a>, Mumps, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/measles-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">measles and rubella</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Bacteria:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Bacteria are microorganisms made of a single cell. They are very diverse, have a variety of shapes and features, and have the ability to live in just about any environment, including in and on the body.</li>
<li><strong>Examples of diseases caused by bacteria:</strong> Cholera, <strong><a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/leprosy-health-gs-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Leprosy</a></strong>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-tb-report-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Tuberculosis</strong></a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/marmots" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Plague</strong></a>, Syphilis, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/anthrax-vaccine" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Anthrax</strong></a> etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Fungi:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Fungi can be found just about everywhere in the environment, including indoors, outdoors, and on human skin. They cause infection when they overgrow.</li>
<li><strong>Examples of Fungal Infection: <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mucormycosis-fungal-infection" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mucormycosis</a>,<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/white-fungus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> White Fungus</a>,</strong> Yellow Fungus.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Parasites:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Parasites are organisms that behave like tiny animals, living in or on a host and feeding from or at the expense of the host. Though parasitic infections are more common in tropical and subtropical regions, they can occur anywhere.</li>
<li><strong>Diseases caused by Parasite: <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-malaria-day-2021" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Malaria</a>,</strong> African trypanosomiasis, babesiosis, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kala-azar-elimination-bihar-to-miss-deadline#:~:text=There%20are%20three%20types%20of,causes%20skin%20and%20mucosal%20lesions." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>leishmaniasis</strong></a>, and toxoplasmosis etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Antimicrobial Resistance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/to-the-point-paper-3-antimicrobial-resistance-amr" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>resistance</strong></a> acquired by any microorganism (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasite, etc.) against antimicrobial drugs (such as antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, antimalarials, and anthelmintics) that are used to treat infections.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/science-technology/who-launches-global-facility-for-pathogen-storage-sharing-and-analysis-77089#:~:text=The%20World%20Health%20Organization%20(WHO,analysis%20and%20preparedness%20against%20them." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: DTE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'who-biohub-initiative',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8447,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'National Award for Recycling Carbon Technology',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>A Bangalore based<strong> startup</strong> has received the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-technology-awards-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Award 2021</strong></a> <strong>from Technology Development Board (TDB)</strong> for developing a commercial solution<strong> for conversion of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) to chemicals and fuels.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The startup has received funding under the <strong>Nano Mission.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The startup <strong>developed efficient catalysts and methodologies</strong> for the <strong>conversion of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) to methanol and other chemicals.</strong></li>
<li>It has led to <strong>improvisation of process engineering</strong> to enhance the production of chemicals and fuels from anthropogenic CO<sub>2</sub> generated from various sources including coal and natural gas power generation sectors, steel industry, cement industry, and chemical industries.</li>
<li>It has integrated multiple components involved in the <strong>CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration)</strong> to develop a complete solution for the environmental issues due to global warming.</li>
<li>The <strong>Recycling Carbon Technology</strong> will be transferred to <strong>Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR),</strong> an autonomous institute of the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/science-technology-and-innovation-policy" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Department of Science and Technology.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/carbon-sequestration" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration (CCUS):</strong></a> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a process that <strong>captures carbon dioxide emissions from sources</strong> like coal-fired power plants and <strong>either reuses or stores it</strong> so it will <strong>not enter the atmosphere.</strong></li>
<li>Carbon dioxide <strong>storage in geologic formations</strong> includes oil and gas reservoirs, unmineable coal seams and deep saline reservoirs - structures that have stored crude oil, natural gas, brine and carbon dioxide over millions of years.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Technology Development Board</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>TDB is<strong> a statutory body</strong> established by the Technology Development Board Act, 1995.</li>
<li>It was established in 1996 and functions under the <strong>Department of Science of Technology.</strong></li>
<li>It <strong>provides financial assistance to companies</strong> working for commercialization of indigenous technologies and adaptation of imported technologies for domestic applications.</li>
<li>As part of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-technology-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Technology Day (11<sup>th</sup> May)</strong></a>, the TDB<strong> presents the National Awards,</strong> to industrial concerns who have successfully commercialized an indigenous technology.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Nano Mission</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Government of India launched the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/iconsat-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nano Mission</a> in 2007</strong> as an "umbrella capacity-building programme".</li>
<li>It is being implemented by the <strong>Department of Science and Technology (DST)</strong> under the <strong>Ministry of Science and Technology.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1721344#:~:text=Recycling%20Carbon%20technology%20by%20Bangalore%20startup%20receives%20TDB%20National%20Award%202021&amp;text=A%20Bangalore%20based%20startup%20has,2%20to%20chemicals%20and%20fuels." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'national-award-for-recycling-carbon-technology',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8419,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'White Fungus',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>As the central government asks states to notify<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mucormycosis-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> black fungus or mucormycosis</strong> </a>an <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-epidemic-diseases-act" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>epidemic</strong></a>, an infection called white fungus or Candidiasis has also been found to affect some people.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19</strong></a> patients are <strong>more prone to white fungus</strong> as it affects the lungs and similar symptoms are created like that of coronavirus.</li>
<li><strong>Black fungus</strong> is a serious but rare fungal infection caused by a group of molds called <strong>mucormycetes,</strong> which is abundant in the environment.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>White Fungus or Candidiasis</strong> is <strong>a fungal infection caused by a yeast</strong> (a type of fungus) called Candida.</li>
<li>Candida <strong>normally lives on the skin and inside the body,</strong> in places such as the mouth, throat, gut, and vagina, without causing any problems.</li>
<li>Candida <strong>can cause infections</strong> if it grows out of control or if it enters deep into the body (for example, the bloodstream or internal organs like the kidney, heart, or brain).<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The most common species that causes infection is <strong>Candida albicans.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Cause:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This infection <strong>can be caused due to low immunity,</strong> or if people come in <strong>contact with</strong> things that contain these <strong>moulds</strong> like water, etc.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Children and women are more at risk of contracting the fungal infection.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Like the black fungus,</strong> white fungus is also more likely to afflict people with compromised<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/immunity-against-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> immune systems</strong></a>, pre-existing medical conditions, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-aids-day-2020#:~:text=AIDS%20is%20a%20pandemic%20disease,key%20populations%20and%20their%20partners." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>AIDS</strong></a>, a recent kidney transplant or <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/global-diabetes-compact-who#:~:text=Diabetes%20is%20a%20Non%2DCommunicable,use%20the%20insulin%20it%20produces." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>diabetes.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Symptoms:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>People<strong> experience symptoms similar to Covid</strong> if it reaches the lungs such as chest infection, despite testing negative for the virus.</li>
<li>White fungus affects the lungs as well as other parts of the body including the nails, skin, stomach, kidney, brain, private parts and mouth.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Diagnosis and Treatment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>CT scans or X-Rays</strong> can reveal the condition.</li>
<li>Patients with the white fungus are currently being treated with known<strong> anti-fungal medication.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Prevention:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Special caution is required of moulds in water that can lead to infection.</li>
<li>Proper sanitation is very important.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/white-fungus-covid-doctor-explains-why-more-dangerous-than-black-fungus-7323224/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'white-fungus',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8412,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'E-Way Bill Integration with FASTag, RFID',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Union Government has integrated the E-Way Bill (EWB) system with FasTag and RFID.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Electronic Way (E-Way) Bill:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/e-way-bills-during-lockdown" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>E-Way Bill</strong></a> is usually a unique bill number generated for the specific consignment involving the movement of goods.</li>
<li>Under the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/goods-and-services-tax-gst-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Goods and Services Tax</strong></a> (GST) regime, <strong>EWBs are mandatory</strong> for inter-state transportation of goods valued over Rs. 50,000 from April 2018, with the exemption to precious items such as gold.</li>
<li>It is a mechanism<strong> to ensure that goods being transported comply with the GST Law</strong> and is <strong>a tool to track movement of goods and check tax evasion.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>FASTag:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/fastag-and-right-to-freedom-of-movement" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>FASTag</strong> </a>is a reloadable tag that<strong> allows automatic deduction of toll</strong> without having to stop for carrying out the cash transaction.</li>
<li>The tag uses <strong>Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology</strong> and is fixed on the windscreen of the vehicle once active.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>RFID is the <strong>use of radio waves to read and capture information</strong> stored on a tag attached to an object.</li>
<li>A tag can be read from up to several feet away and does not need to be within the direct line-of-sight of the reader to be tracked.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>From 15<sup>th</sup> February, 2021, <strong>FASTag has become compulsory for all vehicles</strong> across the country.</li>
<li>It is <strong>operated by <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-highways-authority-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance of Integration:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Large Movement of Goods Vehicles:</strong> On an average, 25 lakh goods vehicle movements from more than 800 tolls are reported on a daily basis to the E-Way Bill system.</li>
<li><strong>Live Vigilance:</strong> The integration of EWB, RFID and FASTag will<strong> enable tax officers to undertake live vigilance in respect of EWB compliances</strong> by businesses.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Taxmen can now access reports on vehicles that have passed the selected tolls without e-way bills in the past few minutes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Stop Revenue Leakage :</strong> It will aid in preventing revenue leakage by <strong>real-time identification of cases of recycling and/or non-generation of EWBs.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/business/e-way-bill-integrated-with-fastag-rfid-7322125/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'e-way-bill-integration-with-fastag-rfid',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8398,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'International Museums Day',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>International Museum Day is observed on <strong>18<sup>th</sup> May</strong> every year to raise awareness among people about the museums.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>2021 Theme:</strong> The Future of Museums: Recover and Reimagine.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>History:</strong> The Day was <strong>instituted in 1977</strong> by the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/international-museum-day#:~:text=The%20International%20Museum%20Day%20is,cooperation%20and%20peace%20among%20peoples.%E2%80%9D" target="_blank" rel="noopener">International Council of Museums (ICOM)</a>.</strong></li>
<li><strong>International Council of Museum (ICOM):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>ICOM is <strong>a</strong> <strong>membership association and a non-governmental organisation</strong> which establishes professional and ethical standards for museum activities. It is the <strong>only global organisation in the museum field.</strong></li>
<li>It was <strong>created in 1946</strong> and is <strong>headquartered in Paris, France.</strong></li>
<li>It serves as <strong>a network of museum professionals</strong> (more than 40,000 members in over 138 countries).</li>
<li>The <strong>ICOM Red Lists of Cultural Objects at Risk</strong> are practical tools to curb the illegal traffic of cultural objects.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Red Lists</strong> present the categories of cultural objects that can be subjected to theft and traffic.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Administration of Museums in India:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Multiple ministries hold charges of various Museums.</li>
<li>Not all Museums are administered by the Ministry of Culture.</li>
<li>Some are run without government support by a handful of people under a Board of Trustees.</li>
<li><strong>Related Constitutional Provision:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Article 49:</strong> Protect monuments, places and objects of artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of national importance.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Initiatives Related to Museums:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Museum Grant Scheme:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <strong>Ministry of Culture</strong> provides financial assistance under the Scheme to the State Governments and Societies, Autonomous bodies, Local Bodies and Trusts registered under the Societies Act, for setting up new Museums.</li>
<li>It also aims to strengthen and modernize the existing museums at the Regional, State and District level.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <strong>National Portal and Digital Repository for Indian Museums</strong> (under the Ministry of Culture) have been launched for <strong>digitisation of the collections</strong> of the Museums.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Notable Museums in India</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>National Museum, New Delhi (Subordinate Office under the Ministry of Culture).</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/naimisha-2020#:~:text=to%20the%20universe.-,National%20Gallery%20of%20Modern%20Art,and%20the%20other%20at%20Bengaluru." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Gallery of Modern Art</strong></a>, New Delhi</li>
<li>Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad</li>
<li>Indian Museum, Kolkata</li>
<li>Archaeological Survey of India site Museum, Goa</li>
<li>National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), New Delhi</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1719673" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source : PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'international-museums-day',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8377,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'PM-KISAN',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Prime Minister released the<strong> 8<sup>th</sup> instalment</strong> of financial benefit under <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/one-year-of-pm-kisan" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)</a>.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Under the scheme, the Centre <strong>transfers an amount of Rs 6,000 per year, in three equal instalments</strong>, directly into the bank accounts of <strong>all landholding farmers irrespective of the size of their land holdings.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It was launched in <strong>February 2019.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Funding and Implementation:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a <strong>Central Sector Scheme with 100% funding from the Government of India.</strong></li>
<li>It is being implemented by the <strong>Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Identification of Beneficiaries:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The entire responsibility of <strong>identification of beneficiary farmer families rests with the State / UT Governments.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To <strong>supplement the financial needs of the Small and Marginal Farmers</strong> in procuring various inputs to ensure proper crop health and appropriate yields, commensurate with the anticipated farm income at the end of each crop cycle.</li>
<li>To <strong>protect them from falling in the clutches of moneylenders</strong> for meeting such expenses and ensure their continuance in the farming activities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>PM-KISAN Mobile App:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The PM-KISAN Mobile App developed and designed by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rojgaar-sangi" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Informatics Centre</strong></a> in collaboration with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology has been launched.</li>
<li>The <strong>farmers can view the status of their application, update or carry out corrections</strong> of their <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/aadhar-and-its-voluntary-use" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Aadhaar cards</strong></a> and also check the history of credits to their bank accounts.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/one-year-of-pm-kisan" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'pm-kisan-3',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8375,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Basava Jayanti: Birth Anniversary of Guru Basaveshwara',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Prime Minister of India paid tribute to<strong> Jagadguru Basaveshwara</strong> on the occasion of Basava Jayanthi.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>In November 2015, the Prime Minister of India inaugurated the<strong> statue of Basaveshwara</strong> along the <strong>bank of the river Thames</strong> at Lambeth in London.</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1621068322_image3.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1621068322_image3.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="324" height="243" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Birth</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He was born in Karnataka in 1131 CE.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He was an Indian 12<sup>th</sup>-century Philosopher, Statesman and a social reformer.</li>
<li>He was <strong>Lingayat saint</strong> in the Shiva-focussed <strong>Bhakti movement,</strong> and Hindu Shaivite social reformer during the reign of the<strong> Kalyani Chalukya/Kalachuri dynasty.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The Lingayats are a Hindu sect with a wide following in southern India that worships <strong>Shiva as the only deity.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>He is also known as <strong>Bhakti Bhandari (literally, the treasurer of devotion), or Basaveswara (Lord Basava).</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Contribution:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Basavanna spread social awareness through his poetry known as <strong>Vachanaas.</strong></li>
<li>Several important Lingayat works are credited to Basavanna, including Vachana such as the <strong>Shat-sthala-vachana, Kala-jnana-vachana, Mantra-gopya, Ghatna Chakra-vachana and Raja-yoga-vachana.</strong></li>
<li>Basavanna, like <strong>Gautama Buddha,</strong> taught people how to live happily in a rational social order which later came to be known as the <strong>Sharana movement.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The Sharana movement attracted people from all castes, and like most strands of the Bhakti movement, produced a corpus of literature, the vachanas, that unveiled the spiritual universe of the Veerashaiva saints.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Basava fought against the inhuman practice of the<strong> caste system,</strong> which discriminated against people based on their birth.</li>
<li>The <strong>Anubhava Mantapa</strong> established by Basava laid down the foundation of social democracy.</li>
<li>Basava believed that man becomes great not by his birth but by<strong> his conduct</strong> in the society.</li>
<li>He taught the dignity of manual labour by insisting on work as worship.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Death:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He died in 1167 CE.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Bhakti movement</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The movement probably began in the Tamil region around the<strong> 6<sup>th</sup> and 7<sup>th</sup> century AD</strong> and achieved a great deal of popularity through the poems of the <strong>Alvars (devotees of Vishnu) and Nayanars (devotees of Shiva),</strong> the Vaishnavite and Shaivite poets.</li>
<li>These saints looked upon religion not as a cold formal worship but as a loving bond based upon love between the worshipped and worshipper.</li>
<li>Originally began in South India in the 9<sup>th</sup> century with <strong>Shankaracharya</strong> spread over all parts of India and by the 16<sup>th</sup> century was a great spiritual force to reckon with, especially after the great wave made by Kabir, Nanak and Shri Chaitanya.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1718484#:~:text=Press%20Information%20Bureau,-Government%20of%20India&amp;text=The%20Prime%20Minister%2C%20Shri%20Narendra,I%20bow%20to%20Jagadguru%20Basaveshwara." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'basava-jayanti-birth-anniversary-of-guru-basaveshwara',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8362,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'HakkiPikki Tribe of Karnataka',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, some people of the<strong> HakkiPikki</strong> Tribe survived <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19</strong></a> in <strong>Karnataka.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The HakkiPikki tribes are semi nomadic tribal people, have <strong>four clans</strong> namely the <strong>Gujrathioa, Kaliwala, Mewara and Panwara.</strong></li>
<li>They speak many <strong>south Indian languages</strong> such as <strong>Kannada, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam</strong> along with <strong>Vagribooli which is similar to Guajarati.</strong></li>
<li>The HakkiPikki, <strong>meaning &ldquo;bird catchers&rdquo;</strong> in Kannada.</li>
<li>It is a <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-commission-for-scheduled-tribes" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Scheduled Tribe </strong></a>in Karnataka.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Origin and History:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The origin of HakkiPikki tribal communities has a rich history and is said to be an ancestral relation with the legendary <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/480th-birth-anniversary-of-maharana-pratap" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ranapratap Singh</a>.</strong></li>
<li>The HakkiPikki tribal community are a <strong>Kshatriya or warrior tribal community</strong> who had to migrate to southern India after their defeat with Mughal kings.<br /><strong></strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/covid-19-survivors-tales-hakki-pikki-tribal-from-karnataka-wins-battle-against-the-virus/article34521105.ece"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'hakkioikki-tribe-of-karnataka',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8358,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'National Technology Day',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>India observes its<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-technology-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> National Technology Day</strong> </a><strong>on 11<sup>th</sup> May</strong> every year.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The day, which was<strong> first observed on 11<sup>th</sup> May, 1999,</strong> aims<strong> to commemorate the scientific and technological achievements of Indian scientists, engineers.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The day was <strong>named by the former Prime Minister <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/atal-bihari-vajpayee-passes-away" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Atal Bihari Vajpayee.</a></strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Every year, the <strong>Technology Development Board of India</strong> celebrates the day by <strong>awarding individuals with the National Award for their contribution to science and technology in India.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Technology Development Board</strong> is a <strong>statutory body</strong> of Government of India functioning under the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/50th-foundation-day-of-dst" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Department of Science of Technology.</strong></a></li>
<li>It <strong>provides financial assistance</strong> to Indian industrial concerns and other agencies,<strong> for commercialization of indigenized technologies or adaptation of imported technologies</strong> for wider domestic applications.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>2021 Theme:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Science and Technology for a Sustainable Future.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is the day India successfully <strong>tested nuclear bombs in Pokhran on 11<sup>th</sup> May, 1998.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>India successfully test-fired its <strong>Shakti-1</strong> nuclear missile in an operation called <strong>Pokhran-II,</strong> also codenamed as <strong>Operation Shakti</strong> which was led by late president <a href="/blog/dr-apj-abdul-kalam-part-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Dr APJ Abdul Kalam.</strong></a></li>
<li>The nuclear missile was tested at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. This was the second test which was conducted after Pokhran-I codenamed <strong>Operation Smiling Buddha,</strong> in May 1974.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>On the same day, India performed a successful test firing of the <strong>Trishul Missile (surface to air short range missile)</strong> and had test flown the <strong>first indigenous aircraft &ndash; &lsquo;Hansa &ndash; 3&rsquo;.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1717635#:~:text=The%20National%20Technology%20Day%20celebrations,develop%20cost%20effective%20indigenous%20solutions.&amp;text=These%20awards%20are%20conferred%20to,commercialization%20of%20innovative%20indigenous%20technology." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'national-technology-day-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8349,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, thirteen states have started distributing foodgrains under the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/extension-of-food-grain-scheme" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKAY).</strong></a></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The scheme has been rolled out again for two months (May and June 2021) <strong>as the country&rsquo;s healthcare infrastructure has reached its capacity</strong> and several states have taken steps like complete <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/covid-19-and-lockdown" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>lockdown</strong></a>, night curfew to contain the spread of the disease.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>PMGKAY is a part of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/covid-19-economic-relief-package" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Package (PMGKP)</strong></a> to help the poor fight the battle against <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/coronavirus-disease-named-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19.</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Its nodal Ministry is the<strong> Ministry of Finance.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It was<strong> initially announced for a three month period</strong> (April, May and June 2020), covering 80 crore ration cardholders. Later it was extended till <strong>November 2020.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>However in April 2021, the government had announced its decision to <strong>restart the PMGKAY.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The scheme aimed at providing each person who is covered under the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/public-distribution-system-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Food Security Act 2013</strong></a> with an <strong>additional 5 kg grains</strong> (wheat or rice) for free, in addition to the 5 kg of subsidised foodgrain already provided through the <strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/public-distribution-system-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Public Distribution System (PDS)</a>.</strong></li>
<li>The new version of the PMGKAY<strong> lacks one of its important components</strong> which was there in 2020 PMGKAY i:e <strong>free-of-cost 1 kg pulses per month</strong> to each household covered under the NFSA.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Expenditure:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Government of India will bear all expenditure</strong> of over Rs. 26,000 crore on account of food subsidy and Central assistance to states/UTs on account of intra-state transportation etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Allocation Till Now:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Out of a total <strong>monthly allocation </strong>of <strong>39.69 lakh Metric Tonnes (MT)</strong> under the PMGKAY, <strong>15.55 lakh MT have been lifted by states.</strong></li>
<li>1.01 lakh MT have been distributed to <strong>2.03 crore beneficiaries till May 2021.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Challenge:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>A key issue is that<strong> the beneficiaries of the National Food Security Act are based on the last census (2011).</strong> The number of food-insecure people has increased since then and they remain uncovered.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/govt-13-states-distributing-free-grains-under-pmgkay-7310097/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'pradhan-mantri-garib-kalyan-ann-yojana',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 15 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8340,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Birth Anniversary of Maharana Pratap',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Prime Minister of India paid tributes to Maharana Pratap on his Jayanti.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Description:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Rana Pratap Singh</strong> also known as <strong>Maharana Pratap</strong> was born on <strong>9<sup>th</sup> May 1540</strong> in <strong>Kumbhalgarh, Rajasthan.</strong></li>
<li>He was the <strong>13<sup>th</sup> King of Mewar</strong> and was the eldest <strong>son of Udai Singh II<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620639616_image.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620639616_image.jpg" style="float: right;" width="300" caption="false" /></a></strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Maharana Udai Singh II ruled the kingdom of Mewar, with his capital at Chittor.</li>
<li>Udai Singh II was also a founder of the city of Udaipur (Rajasthan).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Battle of Haldighati:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Battle of Haldighati was <strong>fought in 1576 between Rana Pratap Singh of Mewar and Raja Man Singh of Amber</strong> who was the general of the Mughal emperor Akbar.</li>
<li>Maharana Pratap fought a brave war, but was <strong>defeated by Mughal forces.</strong></li>
<li>It is said that <strong>Maharana Pratap&rsquo;s loyal horse named Chetak</strong>, gave up his life as the Maharana was leaving the battlefield.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Reconquest:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>After 1579</strong>, the Mughal pressure relaxed over Mewar and Pratap recovered Western Mewar including Kumbhalgarh, Udaipur and Gogunda.</li>
<li>During this period, he also built <strong>a new capital, Chavand</strong>, near modern Dungarpur.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Death:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He died on 19<sup>th</sup> January, 1597. He was <strong>succeeded by his son Amar Singh</strong>, who submitted in 1614 to Emperor Jahāngīr, son of Akbar.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1717168#:~:text=The%20Prime%20Minister%2C%20Shri%20Narendra,be%20remembered%2C%20said%20Shri%20Modi." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'birth-anniversary-of-naharana-pratap',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 16 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8338,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Rabindranath Tagore',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Prime Minister paid tribute to <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rabindranath-tagore" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore</strong></a> on <strong>160<sup>th</sup> Jayanti</strong> on 7<sup>th</sup> May, 2021.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620636364_image4.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620636364_image4.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Birth:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He was born in <strong>Calcutta on 7<sup>th</sup> May 1861.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He was also referred to as<strong> &lsquo;Gurudev&rsquo;, &lsquo;Kabiguru&rsquo;,</strong> and <strong>&lsquo;Biswakabi&rsquo;</strong></li>
<li>He is regarded as the outstanding creative artist of modern India and hailed by W.B Yeats, Rabindranath Tagore was a<strong> Bengali poet, novelist, and painter,</strong> who was highly influential in introducing Indian culture to the west.</li>
<li>He was an exceptional<strong> literary figure and a renowned polymath</strong> who singlehandedly reshaped the region's literature and music.</li>
<li>He was a<strong> good friend of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mahatma-gandhi-jayanti" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mahatma Gandhi</a></strong> and is said to have<strong> given him the title of Mahatma.</strong></li>
<li>He had always stressed that<strong> unity in diversity</strong> is the only possible way for India&rsquo;s national integration.</li>
<li>He had spoken at the <strong>World Parliament for Religions in the years 1929 and 1937.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Contributions:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He is said to have <strong>composed over 2000 songs</strong> and his songs and music are called <strong>&lsquo;Rabindra Sangeet&rsquo;</strong> with its own distinct lyrical and fluid style.</li>
<li>He is responsible for modernising Bengali prose and poetry. His notable works include<strong> Gitanjali, Ghare-Baire, Gora, Manasi, Balaka, Sonar Tori,</strong> He is also remembered for his song<strong> &lsquo;Ekla Chalo Re&rsquo;.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>He published his first poems aged 16 under the pen-name<strong> &lsquo;Bhanusimha&rsquo;.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>He not only gave the <strong>national anthems for two countries, India and Bangladesh,</strong> but also <strong>inspired a Ceylonese student of his, to pen and compose the national anthem of Sri Lanka.</strong></li>
<li>Besides all his literary achievements he was also a philosopher and educationist who in <strong>1921 established the Vishwa-Bharati University,</strong> a university that challenged conventional education.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Awards:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>In <strong>1913</strong> he was awarded the<strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/nobel-prizes-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Nobel Prize</a> in Literature</strong> for his work on Gitanjali.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>He was the <strong>first non-European</strong> to receive the Nobel Prize.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>In 1915 he was awarded<strong> knighthood</strong> by the British King George V. In 1919, following the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/jallianwala-bagh-massacre-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Jallianwalla Bagh massacre</strong></a> he renounced his Knighthood.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Death:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He died on<strong> 7<sup>th</sup> August 1941 in Calcutta.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1717166" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Source:PIB</a></strong></p>',
		'posturl' => 'rabindranath-tagore-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 17 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8337,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Mucormycosis',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>A number of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19</strong></a> <strong>patients</strong> are developing a <strong>serious fungal infection</strong> known as <strong>Mucormycosis</strong> also called <strong>black fungus.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Mucormycosis:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a serious but rare fungal infection <strong>caused by a group of molds called <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mucormycosis-fungal-infection" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mucormycetes</a></strong>, which is abundant in the environment.</li>
<li>It <strong>mainly affects people</strong> who have <strong>health problems</strong> or<strong> take medicines</strong> that lower the body&rsquo;s ability to fight germs and sickness.</li>
<li>The <strong>types of Mucormycosis</strong> are: Rhinocerebral (Sinus and Brain), Pulmonary (Lung), Gastrointestinal, Cutaneous (Skin), and disseminated Mucormycosis.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Transmission:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It <strong>occurs through</strong> inhalation, inoculation, or ingestion of spores from the environment.</li>
<li>Mucormycosis <strong>does not spread between people or between people and animals.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Symptoms:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>These include pain and redness around eyes and/or nose, fever, headache, coughing, shortness of breath, bloody vomits, and altered mental status.</li>
<li>Warning signs can include toothache, loosening of teeth, blurred or double vision with pain.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Prevention:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Avoiding areas with a lot of dust like construction or excavation sites, avoiding direct contact with water-damaged buildings and flood water after hurricanes and natural disasters and avoiding activities that involve close contact to soil.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Treatment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Mucormycosis needs to be treated with<strong> prescription antifungal medicine.</strong></li>
<li>In some cases, it can <strong>require surgery.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/mucormycosis-in-covid-patients-fungal-infections-7308721/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'mucormycosis-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 18 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8332,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Dahla Dam',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Taliban has captured Afghanistan&rsquo;s second-biggest dam -</strong> Dahla Dam.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620481004_image3.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1620481004_image3.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Dahla Dam:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Dahla Dam is also known as <strong>Arghandab Dam.</strong></li>
<li>It is<strong> located</strong> in the <strong>Shah Wali Kot District of Kandahar Province, Afghanistan.</strong></li>
<li>It was constructed in <strong>1952 by</strong> the <strong>USA.</strong></li>
<li>It is built on the <strong>Arghandab River.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Dams built by India in Afghanistan:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Pact for Construction of<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-s-assistance-to-afghanistan" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Shahtoot Dam</strong></a> <strong>on Kabul River.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Afghanistan-India Friendship Dam</strong> (Salma Dam).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/taliban-captures-key-afghan-dam-as-fighting-rages/article34501522.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'dahla-dam',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 19 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8310,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'SVAMITVA Scheme',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Ministry of Panchayati Raj</strong> has released the new framework for implementation of the<strong> SVAMITVA Scheme.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>SVAMITVA</strong> stands for <strong>Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Launch:</strong> It is a <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/data-governance-quality-index-niti-aayog" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>center sector scheme</strong></a> which was <strong>launched nationally</strong> on the occasion of<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-panchayati-raj-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> National Panchayati Raj Day</strong> </a>on 24<sup>th</sup> April 2021.</li>
<li><strong>Aim:</strong> To provide an integrated property validation solution for rural India.</li>
<li><strong>Features:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>demarcation of rural inhabited areas</strong> would be done using <strong>Drone survey </strong>and <strong>CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Stations) Networks</strong> which provides mapping accuracy of 5 cms.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>This would provide the<strong> &lsquo;record of rights&rsquo;</strong> to village household owners possessing houses in inhabited rural areas in villages.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It <strong>will cover around 6.62 Lakh villages</strong> of the entire country<strong> during 2021-2025.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objectives:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To bring<strong> financial stability</strong> to the citizens in rural India by <strong>enabling them to use their property as a financial asset for taking loans</strong> and other financial benefits.</li>
<li><strong>Creation of accurate land records</strong> for rural planning.</li>
<li>Determination of <strong>property tax.</strong></li>
<li>Creation of <strong>survey infrastructure and GIS (Geographic Information System) maps</strong> that can be leveraged by any department for their use.</li>
<li>To support in preparation of better-quality <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sabki-yojana-sabka-vikas-campaign" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP)</strong> </a>by making use of GIS maps.</li>
<li>To <strong>reduce property related disputes</strong> and legal cases</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Nodal Ministry:</strong> Ministry of Panchayati Raj (MoPR) <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sahyog-app-survey-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Survey of India</strong></a> is a Technology Implementation Agency.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID%3D1715972&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1620287003606000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3es30BFJIPB8fToVUmcenT" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'svamitra-scheme',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	}
]
$tags = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'id' => (int) 419,
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'colorcode' => 'FFFFFF',
		'posturl' => 'quick-facts-for-prelims',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'sort_order' => (int) 5,
		'type' => (int) 0,
		'relivant' => (float) 1,
		'metatitle' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'metakeyword' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'metadescription' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'addedby' => (int) 9,
		'updatedby' => (int) 9,
		'added' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'tags'
	
	}
]
$title = 'Article Tags'
$lastyear = (int) 2018
$year = '2021'
$i = (int) 2017
$selected = ''
$m = (int) 13
$month = 'December'

include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp, line 100
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/articlebox.ctp, line 5
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Articles/tags.ctp, line 61
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 765
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 623
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 125
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93

Achievers Corner

Prelims

Mains & Interview

Current Affairs

Drishti Specials

Free Downloads

Test Series

Videos

Tag Search Results

You searched “Quick Facts For Prelims”. Your tag search matches the following results: