Article Tags

You searched “Quick Facts For Prelims”. Your tag search matches the following results:

Anangpal II: Tomar Dynasty

Why in News Recently, a seminar highlighted the legacy of the long-forgotten Tomar king - Anangpal II. Key Points About Anangpal II: Anangpal...

19 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Pilibhit Tiger Reserve: Uttar Pradesh

Why in News A carcass of a five-year-old tigress was found in the Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (Uttar Pradesh). Key Points About: It is located in...

18 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Inter-Parliamentary Union

Why in News Recently, the President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) addressed Members of Parliament at the Central Hall of the Indian...

17 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Kenya-Somalia Dispute

Why in News Kenya has declined to take part in proceedings of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over its maritime border dispute with...

16 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Project RE-HAB

Why in News A pilot project RE-HAB (Reducing Elephant-Human Attacks using Bees) has been launched in Karnataka which entails installing bee boxes...

16 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Kathakali Maestro Guru Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair

Why in News Recently, the Kathakali actor Guru Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair died at the age of 105 in Kozhikode, Kerala. He played a significant...

16 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Bhadar Dam: Gujarat

Why in News Recently, the Dam Safety Organisation of the Central Water Commission has recommended replacement of floodgates of Bhadar dam which were...

15 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Sahitya Akademi Award

Why in News Recently, Marathi writer Nanda Khare refused to accept the Sahitya Akademi award for his novel “Udya”, published in...

13 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Project Information System & Management: SERB

Why in News The Science and Engineering Board (SERB) has set up a portal called PRoject Information System & Management (PRISM) that offers real...

12 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Autocratisation Goes Viral Report

Why in News Recently, India has been classified as an “electoral autocracy” in the annual report named Autocratisation Goes Viral of...

12 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Indonesia’s Mt. Sinabung

Why in News Recently, Mt. Sinabung, an active volcano on Indonesia’s Sumatra island has erupted. Earlier, other volcanoes of Indonesia-...

12 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
France’s First Space Military Exercise: AsterX

Why in News Amid the growing competition among the world powers in the field of space, France has begun its first space military exercises to test...

12 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Bharat Bangla Maitri Bridge

Why in News Recently, the Prime Minister inaugurated Bharat Bangla Maitri Bridge in Tripura’s South district. Key Points About: The...

11 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Exercise Dustlik-2

Why in News Recently, the second edition of India-Uzbekistan joint military exercise "Dustlik-2" started in Chaubatia, Uttarakhand. Key Points Aim...

10 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Defence Acquisition Council’s Plans

Why in News Multi billion deals for armed drones from the USA and advanced submarines under Project-75I are to be taken by the Defence Acquisition...

09 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Janaushadhi Diwas

Why in News The Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India (BPPI) celebrated the 3rd Janaushadhi Diwas (7th March 2021) to spread awareness about quality...

09 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Equine Herpes Virus Outbreak in Europe

Why in News Recently, there has been an outbreak of Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1) among horses in Europe. So far seven countries have confirmed...

08 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
CERAWeek Global Energy and Environment Leadership Award

Why in News The Prime Minister of India was conferred with the Global Energy and Environment Leadership Award by Cambridge Energy Research...

08 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Whale Shark

Why in News Recently, fishers in Odisha rescued a whale shark. Key Points About: Whale sharks are the largest shark, and indeed largest of...

08 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Biju Patnaik

Why in News The birth anniversary of Biju Patnaik was celebrated (5th March). He is remembered as a freedom fighter, an Indian politician, an...

06 Mar 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims

Warning (2): count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable [ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp, line 100]

Code Context


<?php if(count($updates)>0){?>
  <div class="updates">

$viewFile = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp'
$dataForView = [
	'progress' => [],
	'bookmarks' => [],
	'notes' => [],
	'mynote' => [],
	'topdata' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'searchdata' => [],
	'amonth' => 'July',
	'ayear' => '2021',
	'articles' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 15 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 16 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 17 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 18 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
		(int) 19 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'tags' => [
		(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
	],
	'title' => 'Article Tags'
]
$progress = []
$bookmarks = []
$notes = []
$mynote = []
$topdata = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'url' => 'https://www.drishtiias.com/careers',
		'title' => 'We are hiring Full Time Content Developers, to know more, please click here.',
		'type' => (int) 1,
		'date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'news'
	
	}
]
$searchdata = []
$amonth = 'July'
$ayear = '2021'
$articles = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7970,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Anangpal II: Tomar Dynasty',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, a seminar highlighted the<strong> legacy</strong> of the long-forgotten<strong> Tomar king - Anangpal II.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Anangpal II:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Anangpal II,</strong> popularly known as <strong>Anangpal Tomar,</strong> belonged to the Tomar dynasty.</li>
<li>He was the founder of <strong>Dhillika Puri,</strong> which eventually became Delhi.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Evidence about the early history of Delhi is inscribed on the<strong> iron pillar of Masjid Quwaatul Islam,</strong> adjacent to <strong>Qutub Minar.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Multiple inscriptions and coins suggest Anangpal Tomar <strong>was the ruler of present-day Delhi and Haryana in between the 8<sup>th</sup>-12<sup>th</sup> centuries.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>He had built the city from ruins and under his supervision, <strong>Anang Tal Baoli and Lal Kot were constructed.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Anangpal Tomar II was succeeded by his grandson <strong>Prithviraj Chauhan.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Delhi Sultanate</strong> was established in <strong>1192 after Prithviraj Chauhan&rsquo;s</strong> defeat in the <strong>Battle of Tarain</strong> (present-day Haryana) by the Ghurid forces.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About Tomar Dynasty:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Tomara dynasty is <strong>one of the minor early medieval ruling houses</strong> of northern India.</li>
<li>Puranic evidence (writings of the Puranas) gives its early location in the Himalayan region. According to bardic tradition, the dynasty was <strong>one of the 36 Rajput tribes.</strong></li>
<li>The history of the family spans the period between the reign of Anangpal, who founded the city of Delhi in the 11<sup>th</sup> century CE, and the incorporation of Delhi within the Chauhan (Chahamana) kingdom in 1164.</li>
<li>Although Delhi subsequently became decisively a part of the Chauhan kingdom, numismatic and comparatively late literary evidence indicates that Tomara kings such as Anangapala and Madanapala continued to rule as feudatories, presumably until the final conquest of Delhi by the Muslims in 1192&ndash;93.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/anangpal-tomar-king-delhi-museum-7233194/lite/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'anangpal-ii-tomar-dynasty',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7957,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Pilibhit Tiger Reserve: Uttar Pradesh',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>A carcass of a five-year-old tigress was found in the Pilibhit Tiger Reserve (Uttar Pradesh).</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>located in Pilibhit and Shahjahanpur district of Uttar Pradesh.</strong></li>
<li>It was <strong>notified as <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/the-big-picture-importance-of-tiger-conservation" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tiger Reserve</a> in 2014.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>In 2020, it bagged <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/awards-for-tiger-conservation" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>international award TX2</strong></a> for doubling up the number of tigers in the past four years.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It forms the part of <strong>Terai Arc Landscape</strong> in the <strong>upper Gangetic Plain.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>northern edge of the reserve lies along the Indo-Nepal border</strong> while the <strong>southern boundary is marked by the river Sharada and Khakra.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Flora and Fauna:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is home to a habitat for over 127 animals, 326 bird species and 2,100 flowering plants.</li>
<li>Wild animals include <strong>tiger,</strong> <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kanha-tiger-reserve" target="_blank" rel="noopener">swamp deer</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/species-included-in-appendix-i-of-uncms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">bengal florican</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rise-in-leopard-population" target="_blank" rel="noopener">leopard</a></strong>, etc.</li>
<li>It has high <strong>sal forests,</strong> plantation and grasslands with several water bodies.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Protected Areas in Uttar Pradesh</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/dudhwa-national-park" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Dudhwa National Park</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/release-of-gharials" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Chambal Sanctuary</strong></a></li>
<li>Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary</li>
<li>Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Terai Arc Landscape</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) is <strong>an 810 km stretch between the river</strong> <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/supreme-court-s-view-on-pollution-in-yamuna" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Yamuna</strong>&nbsp;</a><strong>in the west and the river Bhagmati in the east.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Bhagmati River</strong> is a river in south-central Nepal and northern Bihar state.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Comprises the <strong>Shivalik hills</strong>, the adjoining <strong>bhabhar areas</strong> and the <strong>Terai flood plains.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>bhabhar</strong> is that part of the Indian Northern Plains where the rivers, after descending from the mountains, deposit pebbles. It is a narrow belt, having a width of about 8 to 16 km and lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks.</li>
<li>All the streams disappear in this bhabar belt. South of this belt, the streams and rivers re-emerge and <strong>create a wet, swampy and marshy region known as terai.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is <strong>spread across the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar</strong>, and the <strong>low lying hills of Nepal.</strong></li>
<li>It boasts of <strong>some of India&rsquo;s most well-known Tiger Reserves and Protected Areas</strong> such as <strong>Corbett Tiger Reserve</strong> (Uttarakhand), <strong>Rajaji National Park</strong> (Uttarakhand), <strong>Dudhwa Tiger Reserve</strong> (Uttar Pradesh), <strong>Valmiki Tiger Reserve</strong> (Bihar).</li>
<li>In total, <strong>the landscape has 13 Protected Areas, 9 in India and 4 in Nepal</strong>, covering a total area of 49,500 km<sup>2</sup>, of which <strong>30,000km<sup>2</sup></strong> <strong>lies in India.</strong></li>
<li>The forests are <strong>home to three flagship species</strong>, the <strong>Bengal tiger</strong> <em>(Panthera tigris)</em>, the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/parasitic-infections-in-one-horned-rhinoceros" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>greater one horned rhino</strong></a> (<em>Rhinoceros unicornis</em>) and the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-elephant-day-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Asian elephant</strong></a> (<em>Elephas maximus</em>).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/up-tigress-carcass-found-search-launched-after-cubs-spotted-says-forest-officer-7231756/&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1616053440973000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1NrbiMBwFJFRRg3SDQb0XD" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'pilibhit-tiger-reserve-uttar-pradesh',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7955,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Inter-Parliamentary Union',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the President of the <strong>Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)</strong> addressed Members of Parliament at the Central Hall of the Indian Parliament.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>IPU is an <strong>international organisation</strong> of national parliaments. It was established in <strong>1889 in Paris.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It was founded by statesmen <strong>Fr&eacute;d&eacute;ric Passy of France</strong> and<strong> William Randal Cremer of the United Kingdom.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It works with <strong>close co-operation</strong> with the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/united-nations-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>United Nation</strong></a> (UN), regional parliamentary organisations, international intergovernmental organisations and <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/non-governmental-organizations-ngos" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>non-governmental organisations</strong></a> for the arbitration of conflict.</li>
<li>It is a<strong> unique platform</strong> for observing political opinions and trends around the world.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Aim:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To <strong>promote parliamentary dialogue</strong> world-wide and <strong>works for peace and cooperation among the peoples.</strong></li>
<li>To <strong>promote democratic governance, accountability, and cooperation</strong> among its members.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Slogan:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For democracy. For everyone</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Functions:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Promoting parliamentary action by addressing international concerns in<strong> six main areas:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Representative democracy.</li>
<li>Peace and security.</li>
<li><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/sustainable-development-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Sustainable development.</strong></a></li>
<li>Human rights and humanitarian law.</li>
<li>Women in politics.</li>
<li>Education, science, and culture.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Members:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>179</strong> countries are <strong>members</strong> of the IPU.</li>
<li><strong>13</strong> regional parliamentary assemblies are associate members.</li>
<li>India is a member.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Headquarters:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Geneva, <strong>Switzerland.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/no-parliament-should-discuss-laws-passed-by-other-parliaments-om-birla/article34083314.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'inter-parliamentary-union',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7945,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Kenya-Somalia Dispute',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p><strong>Kenya</strong> has declined to take part in proceedings of the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/international-court-of-justice-icj" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>International Court of Justice (ICJ)</strong></a> over its maritime border dispute with <strong>neighbouring Somalia.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Point</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Direction of Maritime Boundary:<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615895437_image%200.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615895437_image 0.jpg" style="float: right;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The main point of disagreement between the two neighbours is the <strong>direction</strong> in which their <strong>maritime boundary</strong> in the Indian Ocean should extend.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Somalia&rsquo;s Stand:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The sea border should be an <strong>extension of the same direction</strong> in which their land border runs as it approaches the Indian Ocean, i.e. <strong>towards the southeast.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Kenya&rsquo;s Stand:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The maritime border should<strong> run parallel to the equator.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Importance of Disputed Area:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The triangular area thus created by the dispute is around 1.6 lakh sq. km. large, and <strong>boasts of rich marine reserves.</strong></li>
<li>It is also believed to have oil and gas deposits.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>International Court of Justice</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>ICJ was established in <strong>1945</strong> by the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/united-nations-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>United Nations</strong></a> <strong>charter</strong> and started working in April 1946.</li>
<li>It is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, <strong>situated at the Peace Palace in The Hague (Netherlands).</strong></li>
<li>It <strong>settles legal disputes</strong> between States and gives advisory opinions in accordance with international law, on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.</li>
<li>Its <strong>rulings are binding,</strong> though the court has no<strong> enforcement powers</strong> and countries have been known to ignore its verdicts.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-indian-ocean-border-dispute-between-kenya-and-somalia-7229569/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'kenya-somalia-dispute',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7940,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Project RE-HAB',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>A pilot project<strong> RE-HAB (Reducing Elephant-Human Attacks using Bees)</strong> has been launched in Karnataka which entails installing bee boxes along the periphery of the forest and the villages to mitigate <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/daily-updates-news-editorials-the-high-cost-of-man-animal-conflict" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>human-elephant conflict.</strong></a></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>These spots are located on the periphery of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/nagarahole-national-park-karnataka" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Nagarahole National Park and Tiger Reserve</strong></a>, which is a known conflict zone.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Point</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is intended to create<strong> &ldquo;bee fences&rdquo;</strong> to thwart elephant attacks in human habitations using honeybees.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Advantages:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The bee boxes will dissuade elephants<strong> without causing any harm</strong> to them.</li>
<li>Extremely <strong>cost-effective</strong> as compared to various other measures such as <strong>digging trenches</strong> or <strong>erecting fences.</strong></li>
<li>The initiative will <strong>increase honey production </strong>and<strong> farmers&rsquo; income.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Implementing Agency:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Project is an initiative of the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-7th-may-2019#:~:text=Under%20the%20Honey%20Mission%2C%20KVIC,promote%20beekeeping%20and%20associated%20activities." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC).</strong></a></li>
<li>It is a sub-mission of <strong>KVIC&rsquo;s National Honey Mission.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Honey Mission:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The KVIC has launched the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-7th-may-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Honey Mission</strong></a> to provide awareness, training and &lsquo;Bee Boxes&rsquo; along with Bee Colonies to the farmers.</li>
<li>The mission was launched in August 2017 in line with the<strong> &lsquo;Sweet Revolution&rsquo;.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The 'Sweet Revolution' was launched in 2016 to promote beekeeping and associated activities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Nagarhole National Park</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is also known as <strong>Rajiv Gandhi National Park.</strong></li>
<li>It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1955 and was upgraded into a national park in 1988. It was declared as the 37<sup>th</sup> Tiger reserve under <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/status-of-conservation-of-tigers" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Project Tiger</strong></a> in 1999.</li>
<li>There are 51 Tiger reserves in India. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The latest addition in this list is<strong> Srivilliputhur Meghamalai Tiger Reserve</strong> of Tamil Nadu, which got approval in 2021.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Location:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Park lies in the <strong>Western Ghats</strong> and is a part of the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/biosphere-reserves-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Rivers:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Nagarahole River flows through the park, which joins the Kabini River which also is a boundary between Nagarahole and<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-highway-766" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Bandipur Ntional Park.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Flora:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The vegetation consists mainly of moist deciduous forests with predominating trees of teak and rosewood.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Fauna:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Asian elephants, chital (spotted deer), Indian mouse deer, gaur, stripe-necked and ruddy mongooses, grey langur, bonnet macaque, Asian wild dog, leopard, tiger, sloth bear among others.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>KVIC is a<strong> statutory body</strong> established under the <strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act, 1956.</strong></li>
<li>The KVIC is charged with the planning, promotion, organisation and implementation of programmes for the development of Khadi and other village industries in the rural areas in coordination with other agencies engaged in rural development wherever necessary.</li>
<li>It functions under the <strong>Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/pitting-david-against-goliath/article34078099.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Source: TH</a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'project-re-hab',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7939,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Kathakali Maestro Guru Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Kathakali actor Guru Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair died at the age of 105 in Kozhikode, Kerala.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>He played a significant role in making Indian classical dances popular in Kerala.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Born: </strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Guru Chemancheri Kunhiraman Nair</strong> was born on 16<sup>th</sup> June, 1916.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Career:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>He studied at <strong>Kalladikkodan school of Kathakali</strong> and was specialised in <strong>&ldquo;Kalladikodan&rdquo;</strong> style.</li>
<li>The Kalladikodan shailee was created by Chathu Panicker Aasaan, and is one among <strong>the three major styles of Kathakali.</strong> The other two are Vettathu and Kaplingadu.</li>
<li><strong>Kalladikodan</strong> style gives equal importance to the three aspects of <strong>nritta</strong> (the dance movements in their basic form), <strong>nritya</strong> (expressional component i.e. mudras or gestures) and <strong>natya</strong> (the dramatic element of the dance i.e. the imitation of characters).</li>
<li>His one of the most popular portrayals on stage is that of <strong>Lord Krishna and Sudama</strong> (known as Kuchela, mostly in Southern India).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Awards:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Guru Chemancheri was awarded with <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/padma-awards-2021" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Padma Shri</a> in 2017 </strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About Kathakali:<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615881584_image3.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615881584_image3.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="450" caption="false" /></a></strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Kathakali is one among the <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/indian-classical-dances" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>eight classical dances of India.</strong></a> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is a blend of dance, music and acting. The dance involves dramatisation of stories, adapted mostly from the Indian epics.</li>
<li>The roles generally portrayed include kings, gods and demons, the vocalists narrate the legend and the percussionists play the musical instruments.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Kathakali involves<strong> use of heavy make-up</strong> and stunning costumes (elaborate masks, huge skirts and big head-dresses).<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Different facial colours are used to indicate different mental stages &amp; character, for example green- nobility, black- wickedness and red patches- combining royalty &amp; evil.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Eight Classical Dances of India</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Bharatnatyam (Tamil Nadu)</li>
<li>Kathak (North India)</li>
<li>Kathakali (Kerala)</li>
<li>Mohiniyattam (Kerala)</li>
<li>Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh)</li>
<li>Odissi (Odisha)</li>
<li>Sattriya (Assam)</li>
<li>Manipuri (Manipur)</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kozhikode/kathakali-maestro-chemancheri-kunhiraman-nair-dead/article34071645.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'kathakali-maestro-guru-chemancheri-kunhiraman-nair',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7934,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Bhadar Dam: Gujarat',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong><a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/the-big-picture-dam-safety-bill-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dam Safety Organisation</a> of the <a href="/daily-news-analysis/central-water-commission-on-kerala-floods" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Central Water Commission</a></strong> has recommended replacement of floodgates of<strong> Bhadar dam</strong> which were damaged in the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/chamoli-flash-floods" target="_blank" rel="noopener">flash flood</a> of 2015.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Bhadar Dam:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Bhadar dam is<strong> located in Rajkot</strong> and is <strong>second largest in Saurashtra region after Shetrunji dam.</strong></li>
<li>Bhadar dam is on the <strong>Bhadar River</strong> in Saurashtra region in Gujarat.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Bhadar River:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Bhadar is one of the major rivers of<strong> Kathiawar (Saurashtra) peninsula</strong> in Gujarat.</li>
<li>It <strong>originates</strong> near Vaddi <strong>in Rajkot district</strong> at an elevation of 261 m above mean sea level.</li>
<li>It flows through the Saurashtra region and finally confluence <strong>with Arabian sea at Naviobandar (Porbandar).</strong></li>
<li>The total length of this river is 198 km. It drains about 1/7<sup>th</sup> of the area of Saurashtra.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615803022_image6.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615803022_image6.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="494" height="387" /></a></p>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Flash Flood</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Flash floods are typically associated with <strong>short, high-intensity rainstorms.</strong></li>
<li>These are <strong>sudden surges in water levels</strong> during or following an intense spell of rain.</li>
<li>These are <strong>highly localised events of short duration</strong> with a very high peak and usually have less than six hours between the occurrence of the rainfall and peak flood.</li>
<li>The flood situation worsens in the presence of choked drainage lines or encroachments obstructing the natural flow of water.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Central Water Commission (CWC)</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Central Water Commission is the<strong> apex technical organisation</strong> in the country for <strong>development of water resources</strong> and is an attached organization of the <strong>Ministry of Water Resources.</strong></li>
<li>The Commission is responsible for <strong>initiating, coordinating and furthering, in consultation</strong> with the State Governments, the schemes for control, conservation, development and utilization of water resources throughout the country for the purpose of irrigation, flood management, power generation, navigation etc.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/after-2015-flash-floods-damage-gujarat-irrigation-dept-to-replace-29-floodgates-of-bhadar-dam-by-april-end-7228220/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'bhadar-dam-gujarat',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7923,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Sahitya Akademi Award',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, Marathi writer Nanda Khare<strong> refused to accept the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sahitya-akademi-awards" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Sahitya Akademi award</a></strong> for his novel<strong> &ldquo;Udya&rdquo;,</strong> published in 2014.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Sahitya Akademi Award:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Sahitya Akademi award <strong>established in 1954,</strong> is a literary honour that is conferred <strong>annually by Sahitya Akademi,</strong> India&rsquo;s National Academy of letters.</li>
<li>Akademi gives <strong>24 awards annually to literary works</strong> in the languages it has recognized and an equal number of awards to literary translations from and into the languages of India.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Besides the 22 languages</strong> enumerated in the Constitution of India, the Sahitya Akademi has <strong>recognised English and Rajasthani</strong> as languages in which its programme may be implemented.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The Sahitya Akademi award is the <strong>second-highest literary honour</strong> by the Government of India, <strong>after the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/54th-jnanpith-award" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jnanpith award</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Criteria for Choosing Awardee:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The author must be of <strong>Indian Nationality.</strong></li>
<li>Book/work eligible for the award must be an outstanding contribution to the language and literature to which it belongs.</li>
<li>When equal merit for books of two or more are found, certain criteria like total literary contribution and standing of authors shall be taken into consideration for declaring award.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Marathi Novel &lsquo;Udya&rsquo;:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a futuristic account of the possible <strong>scenarios emerging</strong> as consequences of the current <strong>capitalistic and machine-driven human life.</strong></li>
<li>It nuances how humans have been enslaved by machines, particularly by the ones that are susceptible to surveillance of one&rsquo;s personal life.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Jnanpith Award</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Jnanpith award is the<strong> highest literary award</strong> in India and can only be conferred <strong>annually upon an Indian citizen.</strong></li>
<li><strong>English</strong> along with other languages mentioned in <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bill-to-change-stature-of-official-languages" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Indian Constitution (8<sup>th</sup> Schedule)</strong></a> is considered for the Award.</li>
<li>The prize carries a cash award of Rs. 11 lakhs, a citation, and a bronze replica of Vagdevi (Saraswati), the goddess of learning.</li>
<li>It is sponsored by the <strong>cultural organization Bharatiya Jnanpith.</strong></li>
<li>For 2018, author <strong>Amitav Ghosh</strong> became the <strong>first English language writer</strong> to become a Jnanpith laureate.</li>
<li>Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri in Malayalam language is the latest recipient of the award for the year 2019.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Other Sahitya Akademi Awards</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar</strong> is given to an author based on his/her total contribution to children literature and relates to books first published during the five years immediately preceding the year of Award.</li>
<li><strong>Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar</strong> relates to books published by an <strong>author of the age of 35 and below.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/marathi-writer-nanda-khare-refuses-sahitya-akademi-award-7225907/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'sahitya-akademi-award-2',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7915,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Project Information System & Management: SERB',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/accelerate-vigyan-scheme-serb" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Science and Engineering Board (SERB)</strong></a> has set up a<strong> portal called PRoject Information System &amp; Management (PRISM)</strong> that offers real time information on the various research projects supported by it.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About PRoject Information System &amp; Management (PRISM):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is called <strong>&lsquo;SERB &ndash; PRoject Information System &amp; Management (SERB &ndash; PRISM)&rsquo;.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>e-platform will provide a whole range of information</strong> regarding all projects sanctioned by SERB from 2011 onwards, including funding details, status, research summary and project output details such as publications and patents.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance of PRISM:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The portal is expected to work as a <strong>comprehensive tool</strong> to help forge<strong> stronger scientist-scientist, and science-society connections.</strong></li>
<li>It may be linked with important sectors such as water, energy, and climate and with the new concept of<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/scientific-social-responsibility-policy#:~:text=Definition%3A,linkages%20between%20science%20and%20society." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Scientific Social Responsibility (SSR).</strong></a></li>
<li>It helps in the <strong>democratisation of Research &amp; Development funding trends.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Science and Engineering Board (SERB):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is a<strong> statutory body</strong> under the <strong>Department of Science and Technology, <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/year-end-review-2019-ministry-of-science-technology" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ministry of Science and Technology</a></strong> established by an Act of the Parliament of India in 2009.</li>
<li>It is <strong>chaired by the Secretary to the Government of India</strong> in the Department of Science and Technology and has other senior government officials and eminent scientists as members.</li>
<li>It was set up for <strong>promoting basic research in science and engineering</strong> and to provide financial assistance to scientists, academic institutions, Research and Development laboratories, industrial concerns and other agencies for such research.</li>
<li>It has a mandate to plan, promote and fund<strong> internationally competitive research in emerging areas.</strong></li>
<li>Some important schemes of SERB:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/serb-power-scheme" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>SERB-POWER Scheme</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/accelerate-vigyan-scheme-serb" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Accelerate Vigyan Scheme: SERB</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-mission-on-interdisciplinary-cyber-physical-systems" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/science-%26-technology/amp/portal-to-provide-all-inclusive-information-on-serb-sanctioned-projects-75914&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1615545715855000&amp;usg=AOvVaw23nt2o3_I9x0UvMwOJpcv8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: DTE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'project-information-system-management-serb',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7914,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Autocratisation Goes Viral Report',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, India has been classified as an <strong>&ldquo;electoral autocracy&rdquo;</strong> in the annual report named <strong>Autocratisation Goes Viral</strong> of Sweden-based Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Institute.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>This report comes just after the US watchdog <strong>Freedom House downgraded India&rsquo;s status to &ldquo;partly free&rdquo;</strong> in its <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/freedom-in-the-world-2021-report#:~:text=The%20Freedom%20in%20the%20World,deterioration%20over%20the%20last%20year." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>&lsquo;Freedom in the World 2021&rsquo;</strong> </a>report.</li>
</ul>
<h3><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615542060_image3.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615542060_image3.jpg" caption="false" width="651" height="287" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></a></h3>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About V-Dem:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The V-Dem Institute, an <strong>independent research organisation</strong> founded in 2014 by Swedish political scientist Staffan Lindberg.</li>
<li>It produces its <strong>annual report on the state of democracy</strong> around the world based on a dataset of almost 30 million data points for <strong>202 countries.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Global Scenario:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The global <strong>decline of liberal democracies</strong> was &lsquo;steep&rsquo; in the past 10 years in the Asia-Pacific region, Central Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.</li>
<li>Apart from India, countries like <strong>Brazil and Turkey figured among the top 10 countries that slipped in rankings</strong> that were part of the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/important-institution-upsc-ias-g20-significance-global-groupings-member-challenges-buenos-aires-gs-mains-paper-ii-2-international-relations" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>G-20</strong></a> nations.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>India&rsquo;s Position:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>India was previously classified as an <strong>electoral democracy</strong>, however the latest report classified it as <strong>electoral autocracy.</strong></li>
<li>India is now as autocratic <strong>as is Pakistan,</strong> and <strong>worse than</strong> both its neighbours <strong>Bangladesh and Nepal.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Political rights</strong> and <strong>civil liberties</strong> in the country have <strong>deteriorated since 2014</strong>, with increased pressure on human rights organizations, rising intimidation of academics and journalists, and a spate of bigoted attacks, including lynchings, aimed at Muslims.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Reasons for the Downgrade:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Recently, Indian government has used laws on <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sedition-law-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>sedition (Section 124A),</strong></a> <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/misuse-of-criminal-defamation-law-madras-hc" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>defamation (Section 499)</strong></a>, and <strong>counter-terrorism</strong> to silence critics.</li>
<li>It has used the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/foreign-contribution-regulation-amendment-bill-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Foreign Contributions Regulation Act (FCRA) 2010</strong></a> to restrict the entry, exit and functioning of civil society organisations.</li>
<li>More frequent use of laws like <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/low-convictions-rate-under-uapa-act#:~:text=In%20August%202019%2C%20Parliament%20cleared,is%20otherwise%20involved%20in%20terrorism." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA),1967.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/rahul-gandhi-flags-indias-slide-in-democratic-norms/article34045122.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'autocratisation-goes-viral-report',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7913,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Indonesia’s Mt. Sinabung',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, Mt. <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mount-sinabung" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Sinabung</strong></a>, an active volcano on Indonesia&rsquo;s Sumatra island has erupted.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Earlier, other volcanoes of Indonesia- <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mt-merapi-of-indonesia" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Merapi volcano</strong></a> and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/semeru-volcano-of-indonesia" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Semeru volcano</strong></a>- had erupted.</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615537541_image1.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615537541_image1.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="500" height="399" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Mt. Sinabung:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Mt. Sinabung <strong>(2,600-metre)</strong> is<strong> located in Karo regency,</strong> North Sumatra.</li>
<li>Sinabung is among more than<strong> 120 active volcanoes</strong> in Indonesia, which is prone to seismic upheaval due to its location on the <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/pacific-ring-of-fire" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pacific Ring of Fire.</strong></a></li>
<li>The volcano was dormant for 400 years before exploding in <strong>2010.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It exploded again in <strong>2014 ,2016</strong> and <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/indonesia-s-mt-sinabung-erupted" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a></strong>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Ring of Fire:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the <strong>Circum-Pacific Belt,</strong> is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by<strong> active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.</strong></li>
<li>It traces boundaries between several <strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper1/tectonic-plates">tectonic plates</a>&mdash;</strong>including the Pacific, Cocos, Indian-Australian, Nazca, North American, and Philippine Plates.</li>
<li>The abundance of volcanoes and earthquakes along the Ring of Fire is caused by the amount of movement of tectonic plates in the area.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>75% of Earth&rsquo;s volcanoes</strong> i.e. <strong>more than 450 volcanoes</strong> are located along the Ring of Fire. 90% of Earth&rsquo;s earthquakes occur along its path.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615537662_image2.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615537662_image2.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/indonesias-sinabung-volcano-unleashes-new-burst-of-hot-ash-7223523/&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1615541247822000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3o4R5KePtYDYSsfuErGMAT" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'indonesia-s-mt-sinabung-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7909,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'France’s First Space Military Exercise: AsterX',
		'description' => '<p>Why in News</p>
<p>Amid the growing competition among the world powers in the field of space, France has begun its<strong> first space military exercises</strong> to test its ability to defend its satellites.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Exercise:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The exercise drills are codenamed <strong>"AsterX"</strong> to commemorate the first French satellite <strong>Asterix</strong> from 1965.</li>
<li>The exercises are part of France's strategy to become the world's <strong>third-largest space power,</strong> after the USA and China.</li>
<li>These space military exercises are the first ever attempt not only for the French army but also for Europe.</li>
<li>Moreover, France has planned to develop<strong> anti-satellite laser weapons</strong> and to strengthen surveillance capabilities to close the gap with rivals; China and Russia.</li>
<li><strong>Aim of the Exercise:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>To monitor a potentially dangerous space object as well as threats to its own satellite from another foreign power possessing a considerable space force.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Participants:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Along with France, the new<strong> US Space Force and German space agencies</strong> are taking part in the exercises.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Background:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>In 2018, <strong>Olymp-K,</strong> a Russian satellite attempted to intercept transmissions from the <strong>Athena-Fidus satellite</strong> which is used by both Italian and French armies for secure communications. This was <strong>termed as an act of &lsquo;espionage&rsquo;.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>In 2020, the United States also <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/russia-accused-of-testing-anti-satellite-weapon#:~:text=The%20test%20consisted%20of%20Russia%27s,over%20to%20another%20Russian%20satellite." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>accused Russia</strong> </a>of having &ldquo;conducted a non-destructive test&rdquo; of an anti-satellite weapon from space.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>In 2019, France announced its <strong>Commandement de l&rsquo;Espace (CdE)</strong> (French Space Command).<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is set to have 500 personnel by 2025.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Similar Initiatives of India:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ind-space-ex" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>IndSpaceEx:</strong></a> India&rsquo;s first ever simulated space warfare exercise.</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/mission-shakti-asat-and-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Mission Shakti:</strong></a> An Anti-Satellite (ASAT) Missile Test.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/world/france-conducts-first-military-exercises-in-space-7222519/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'france-s-first-space-military-exercise-asterx',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7900,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Bharat Bangla Maitri Bridge',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Prime Minister inaugurated<strong> Bharat Bangla Maitri Bridge</strong> in Tripura&rsquo;s South district.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615447598_image1.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615447598_image1.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="550" height="322" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The bridge <strong>&lsquo;Maitri Setu&rsquo;</strong> has been built over the <strong>Feni river</strong> which flows between Indian boundary in Tripura State and Bangladesh.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Feni originates in the <strong>South Tripura district.</strong> The river passes through Sabroom town on the Indian side, and <strong>meets the Bay of Bengal</strong> after it flows into Bangladesh.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The<strong> 1.9 Km</strong> long bridge joins <strong>Sabroom (in Tripura) with Ramgarh (in Bangladesh).</strong></li>
<li>The name &lsquo;Maitri Setu&rsquo; <strong>symbolises <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/50-years-of-india-bangladesh-relations" target="_blank" rel="noopener">growing bilateral relations</a></strong> and friendly ties between India and Bangladesh.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Constructed by and Cost:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The construction was taken up by the <strong>National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd</strong> at a project cost of<strong> Rs. 133 crore.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited is a <strong>fully owned company of the Government of India.</strong></li>
<li>It is responsible for <strong>development &amp; maintenance of National Highways &amp; Strategic Roads</strong> of India.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Now <strong>Agartala</strong> (capital of Tripura) <strong>will become the nearest city to an international sea port</strong> in India.</li>
<li>Tripura will become the<strong> &lsquo;Gateway of North East&rsquo;</strong> with <strong>access to Chittagong</strong> Port of Bangladesh, which is just 80 km from Sabroom.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Bangladesh and India have a long standing and time-tested <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/protocol-on-inland-water-transit-and-trade" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Protocol on Transit and Trade</strong></a> through inland waterways.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It would serve as a <strong>new trade corridor</strong> between the two countries, helping the <strong>Northeast states grow.</strong> It will <strong>enhance people-to-people contact.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pm-modi-inaugurates-maitri-setu-between-india-and-bangladesh/article34026410.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'bharat-bangla-maitri-bridge',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7894,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Exercise Dustlik-2',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the second edition of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-and-uzbekistan" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>India-Uzbekistan</strong></a> joint military exercise <strong>"Dustlik-2"</strong> started in Chaubatia, Uttarakhand.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615368709_image2.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615368709_image2.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Aim of the Exercise:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Counter Insurgency (CI)</strong> and <strong>Counter Terrorism (CT)</strong> operations in mountainous, rural and urban scenarios under the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/united-nations-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>United Nations (UN)</strong> </a>mandate.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the First Edition:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Took place in Tashkent, <strong>Uzbekistan in November 2019.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Uzbekistan is important to India for security and connectivity to the <strong>Central Asian region</strong> and also Iran, it is also one <strong>alternative India has with respect to Afghanistan.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Security concerns stemming from the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/intra-afghan-talks-role-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> conflict in Afghanistan</strong></a> is one of the major challenges for India&rsquo;s involvement in Central Asia.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 209px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 961px; height: 19px; text-align: center; background-color: #07031c;" colspan="2"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>Joint Military Exercises of India with Other Countries</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;"><strong>Name of Exercise</strong></td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;"><strong>Country</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Garuda Shakti</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Indonesia</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Ekuverin</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Maldives</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Hand-in-Hand</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">China</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Bold Kurukshetra</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Singapore</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Mitra Shakti</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Sri Lanka</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Nomadic Elephant</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Mongolia</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Shakti</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">France</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Surya Kiran</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Nepal</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 481px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">Yudh Abhyas</td>
<td style="width: 480px; height: 19px; background-color: #ebf1ff;">USA</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><br /><strong><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-uzbek-armies-to-hone-counter-terror-skills/article34029129.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sources:TH</a></strong></p>',
		'posturl' => 'exercise-dustlik-2',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7885,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Defence Acquisition Council’s Plans',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Multi billion deals for <strong>armed <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/uav-procurement-by-indian-army" target="_blank" rel="noopener">drones</a> from the USA</strong> and advanced <strong>submarines under Project-75I</strong> are to be taken by the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/defence-acquisition-council" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Defence Acquisition Council (DAC).</strong></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>India - USA Drone Deals:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>India has been looking to procure 30 armed drones, 10 for each service, from the USA but the process has been repeatedly delayed over the last couple of years.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The USA has given in principle approval for the sale of these armed drones to India during the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-usa-2-2-dialogue-2020#:~:text=2%2B2%20Ministerial%20is%20the,Australia%2C%20Japan%20and%20the%20USA." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>India-US 2+2 ministerial dialogue.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>While the Navy has a pressing requirement for the <strong>High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) drones,</strong> there have been questions on their utility for the Army and Air Force, given the high cost of the platform.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Since the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-china-conflict" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> stand-off with China</strong></a> in Eastern Ladakh in May 2020, the need for long endurance drones to maintain continuous surveillance of the border has been acutely felt.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The Navy has already inducted two<strong> MQ-9B Sea <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sea-guardian-drones-from-us#:~:text=Recently%2C%20two%20American%20MQ9B%20Sea,with%20India%20for%20one%20year." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Guardian unarmed drones</a></strong> procured from the USA.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Project-75I:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Project 75I-class submarine is a follow-on of the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ins-karanj" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Project 75</a> Kalvari-class submarine</strong> for the Indian Navy.</li>
<li>The project is being processed through the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/dac-approves-strategic-partnership-guidelines" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Strategic Partnership (SP) model</strong> </a>of the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/reviewing-defence-procurement-procedure" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Defence Procurement Procedure (DPP).</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The strategic partnership model seeks to identify a few Indian private companies as Strategic Partners who would initially tie up with a few shortlisted foreign Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to manufacture big-ticket military platforms.</li>
<li>It aims to <strong>promote the role of Indian industry in defence manufacturing</strong> and build a domestic defence industrial ecosystem.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>This project is part of the <strong>30 year Plan for indigenous submarine construction</strong> and it got its approval by the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/cabinet-committees-formed" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cabinet Committee</a> on Security</strong> in 1999. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The idea behind this was to help in streamlining the submarine acquisition process and creating two submarine production lines where the plan was to construct six submarines on each.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Defence Acquisition Council</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) is the<strong> highest decision-making body</strong> in the Defence Ministry for deciding on new policies and capital acquisitions for the three services (Army, Navy and Air Force) and the Indian Coast Guard.</li>
<li>The <strong>Minister of Defence</strong> is the Chairman of the Council.</li>
<li>It was formed, after the Group of Ministers recommendations on 'Reforming the National Security System', in 2001, post Kargil War (1999).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/defence-ministry-to-take-up-big-deals-for-armed-drones-submarines-in-april/article34020546.ece#:~:text=Multi-billion%20deals%20for%2030,approval%2C%20a%20government%20official%20said." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'defence-acquisition-council-s-plans',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 15 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7880,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Janaushadhi Diwas',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India (BPPI)</strong> celebrated the <strong>3<sup>rd</sup> Janaushadhi Diwas</strong> (7<sup>th</sup> March 2021) to spread awareness about quality generic medicines, available at low prices.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Theme</strong> of Janaushadhi Diwas was <strong>&ldquo;Seva Bhi &ndash; Rozgar bhi&rdquo;.</strong> The <strong>Janaushadhi week</strong> was celebrated across the country from<strong> 1<sup>st</sup>-7<sup>th</sup> March 2021.</strong></li>
<li>As a part of celebrations, the Prime Minister<strong> inaugurated the 7,500<sup>th</sup> Janaushadhi Kendra</strong> at NEIGRIHMS, <strong>Shillong.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Janaushadhi Kendra:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Bureau of Pharma PSUs in India (BPPI)</strong> supports <strong>Janaushadhi Kendras</strong> as a part of <strong>Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana.</strong></li>
<li>These are the<strong> centres from where quality generic medicines</strong> are made available to all.</li>
<li>The<strong> number of stores</strong> has grown to more than <strong>7400</strong> and all <strong>734 districts</strong> of the country have Janaushadhi Kendras.</li>
<li><strong>Government grants of up to Rs. 2.5 lakhs</strong> are provided for setting up of Pradhan Mantri Janaushadhi Kendras, which can be set up by doctors, pharmacists, entrepreneurs, <strong><a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/self-help-groups-shgs" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Self Help Groups</a> (SHGs)</strong>, NGOs, charitable societies, etc. at any suitable place or outside the hospital premises.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-1st-november-2018" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>PMBJP</strong> </a>is <strong>a campaign launched by the Department of Pharmaceuticals in 2008</strong> under the name Jan Aushadhi Campaign. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The campaign was<strong> revamped as PMBJP in 2015-16.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India (BPPI)</strong> is the <strong>implementation agency</strong> for PMBJP.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India <strong>works under the Ministry of Chemicals &amp; Fertilizers.</strong></li>
<li>BPPI has also developed the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/janaushadhi-sugam" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Janaushadhi Sugam Application.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>PMBJP stores have been set up to provide<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/road-map-to-affordable-medicine" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> generic drugs</strong></a>, which are available at lesser prices but are equivalent in quality and efficacy as expensive branded drugs.</li>
<li>It also intends to extend the coverage of quality generic medicines so as<strong> to reduce the out of pocket expenditure on medicines </strong>and thereby<strong> redefine the unit cost of treatment per person.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>A medicine under PMBJP is <strong>priced on the principle of a maximum of 50% of the average price of top three branded medicines.</strong> Therefore, the price of Janaushadhi Medicines is <strong>cheaper at least by 50% and in some cases, by 90%</strong> of the market price of branded medicines.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Performance Analysis:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>In the current financial year 2020-21, PMBJP has already achieved sales of Rs. 593.84 crores. This has<strong> led to savings of approximately Rs. 3600 crores of the common citizens</strong> of the country.</li>
<li>This scheme is also providing a good source of<strong> self-employment</strong> with<strong> sustainable and regular earnings.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1702896" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'janaushadhi-diwas',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 16 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7872,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Equine Herpes Virus Outbreak in Europe',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, there has been an outbreak of <strong>Equine Herpes Virus (EHV-1)</strong> <strong>among horses in Europe.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>So far seven countries have confirmed EHV-1 cases: Spain, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden and Qatar.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Equine Herpes Virus (EHV):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Equine Herpes Virus is a common <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/novel-strain-of-coronavirus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>DNA virus</strong></a> that occurs in horse populations worldwide.</li>
<li>EHV is a family of viruses which are named by numbers such as <strong>EHV 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There are more viruses in this family, but <strong>EHV 1, 3, and 4 pose the most serious health risks for domestic horses.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Health Risks:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>EHV1</strong> can cause manifestations of disease in horses, including <strong>respiratory disease, abortion and neonatal death.</strong></li>
<li>This strain can also cause <strong>neurological problems</strong>, leading to <strong>paralysis</strong> and in some cases, <strong>death.</strong> Horses that contract this virus can develop a <strong>lack of coordination, weakness, loss of appetite and are unable to stand.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Spread of EHV-1 Virus:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>contagious</strong> and spread by <strong>direct horse-to-horse contact</strong> via the respiratory tract through nasal secretions.</li>
<li>This virus can <strong>also be spread indirectly</strong> through <strong>contact with physical objects</strong> that are contaminated with the virus.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy (EHM)</strong> is another name for the neurologic disease associated with Equine Herpes Virus (EHV) infections.</li>
<li><strong>Precautions and Treatment:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>As the infection has a high transmission rate, <strong>keeping a diseased horse in isolation</strong> is required.</li>
<li>Treatments may include<strong> anti-inflammatory drugs.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/europe-covid-new-strand-indian-horse-rider-tokyo-olympics-7218735/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'equine-herpes-virus-outbreak-in-europe',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 17 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7871,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'CERAWeek Global Energy and Environment Leadership Award ',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Prime Minister of India</strong> was conferred with the <strong>Global Energy and Environment Leadership Award</strong> by <strong>Cambridge Energy Research Associates (CERA).</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>He was awarded for his commitment to expanding India's leadership in <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/sustainable-development-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>sustainable development</strong></a> to meet the country's, and the world's, future energy needs.</li>
<li>He addressed the<strong> CERAWeek</strong> <strong>conference</strong> and <strong>highlighted the steps taken by India</strong> to address the issue of climate change and attaining the target of achieving clean fuel.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the CERAWeek Global Energy and Environment Leadership Award:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Award was <strong>instituted in 2016.</strong></li>
<li>It <strong>recognises the commitment of leadership on the future of global energy and environment</strong>, and for offering solutions and policies for energy access, affordability and environmental stewardship.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Cambridge Energy Research Associates (CERA):</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>a consulting company in the United States</strong> that specializes in advising governments and private companies on energy markets, geopolitics, industry trends, and strategy.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>CERAWeek:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It was <strong>founded in 1983 by Dr. Daniel Yergin.</strong></li>
<li>It is an <strong>annual energy conference, organized in Houston (USA) in March</strong>, since 1983.</li>
<li>CERAWeek <strong>by <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/fall-in-ihs-markit-india-services-business-activity-index" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IHS Markit</a></strong> is the annual international gathering of energy industry leaders, experts, government officials and policymakers, leaders from the technology, financial and industrial communities - and energy technology innovators.</li>
<li><strong>CERAWeek 2021</strong> was convened virtually from 1<sup>st</sup>-5<sup>th</sup> March, 2021.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Theme:</strong> The New Map: Energy, Climate, and Charting the Future.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Highlights of PM Address:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Prime Minister in his address discussed the key initiatives taken by India to attain climate justice:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-hydrogen-energy-mission" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Hydrogen Mission</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/pm-kusum#:~:text=Component%20of%20the%20PM%2DKUSUM,standalone%20solar%2Dpowered%20agriculture%20pumps." target="_blank" rel="noopener">PM KUSUM</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-bs-vi-emission-norms" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bharat - 6 emission norms</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/year-end-review-2019-ministry-of-petroleum-natural-gas" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Give It Up Subsidy Movement</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/satat-initiative" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SATAT initiatives</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bioethanol-blending-of-petrol#:~:text=The%20government%20has%20set%20targets,the%20National%20Biofuels%20Policy%2C%202018." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blending of ethanol</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/different-irrigation-systems" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Modern techniques of irrigation</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/organic-farming-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Organic farming</a>,</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/third-assembly-of-isa" target="_blank" rel="noopener">International Solar Alliance</a>,</strong></li>
<li>India&rsquo;s commitment towards the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/china-s-renewed-support-for-paris-agreement#:~:text=Paris%20Agreement%20(also%20known%20as,to%20deal%20with%20climate%20change." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Paris Climate Accord</strong></a>, and</li>
<li>Talked of <a href="/to-the-points/paper4/gandhian-ideologies#:~:text=Trusteeship%2D%20Trusteeship%20is%20a%20socio,of%20the%20people%20in%20general." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Mahatma Gandhi&rsquo;s</strong></a> <strong>Principle of Trusteeship.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>At the core of Trusteeship is <strong>collectivism, compassion and responsibility.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1702783" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'ceraweek-global-energy-and-environment-leadership-award',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 18 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7870,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Whale Shark',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, fishers in Odisha rescued a <strong>whale shark.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615188079_image2.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615188079_image2.jpg" width="400" caption="false" /></strong></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Whale sharks are the <strong>largest shark</strong>, and indeed <strong>largest of any fishes alive today</strong> and they <strong>travel large distances</strong> to find enough food to sustain their huge size, and to reproduce.</li>
<li>The whale shark is a <strong>&lsquo;filter feeder shark&rsquo;</strong> which means it does not eat meat like other sharks. Whale sharks <strong>filter sea water</strong> and <strong>feed on tiny planktons.</strong></li>
<li>The maximum size of whale sharks is not known, but <strong>could be as large as 20m.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Scientific Name:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><em>Rhincodon typus.</em></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Habitat:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Whale sharks are <strong>found in all the tropical oceans</strong> of the world.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Threats:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Oil &amp; gas drilling, shipping lanes</strong> etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Protection Status:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/iucn-red-list" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IUCN Red List</a>:</strong> Endangered</li>
<li><strong><a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/cites" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CITES</a>:</strong> Appendix II</li>
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/wild-life-protection-act-implementation-and-failure" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972</a>:</strong> Schedule I</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/wildlife-biodiversity/fishers-in-odisha-rescue-second-whale-shark-in-a-week-75798%23:~:text%3DFishers%2520in%2520Odisha%2520rescued%2520a,%252C%25202021%252C%2520according%2520to%2520officials.%26text%3DFishers%2520had%2520freed%2520a%252015,beach%2520in%2520Odisha%27s%2520Ganjam%2520district.&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1615191518032000&amp;usg=AOvVaw1UnvVFWl1oerNEFZI_ecqC" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: DTE</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'whale-shark-1',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	},
	(int) 19 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7862,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Biju Patnaik',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>birth anniversary of Biju Patnaik</strong> was celebrated (5<sup>th</sup> March). He is remembered as a freedom fighter, an Indian politician, an aviator and a businessman.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Brief Profile:<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615024521_image5.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1615024521_image5.png" style="float: right;" caption="false" width="191" height="263" /></a></strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Bijayananda Patnaik was<strong> born on 5<sup>th</sup> March 1916,</strong> he is popularly known as Biju Patnaik.</li>
<li>He was an ace pilot and joined the Royal Indian Air Force in 1936.</li>
<li>He was the two times Chief Minister of Odisha.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Role in Freedom Struggle:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Biju Patnaik started his career as a freedom fighter in 1942. He <strong>joined the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/quit-india-movement-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Quit India Movement</a></strong> under the guidance of Mahatma Gandhi to make India free. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>He became a prominent leader of Congress and was engaged in the Quit India Movement with<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/jayaprakash-narayan-and-nanaji-deshmukh-jayanti" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Jay Prakash Narayan</strong></a> and<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/dr-ram-manohar-lohia" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia.</strong></a></li>
<li>In 1943, he <strong>underwent imprisonment for about two years</strong> for his participation in the Quit India Movement.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>He fearlessly undertook covert missions, ferrying freedom fighters to secret meetings with their supporters, and even airdropped leaflets in support of <strong>Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose&rsquo;s <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/subhash-chandra-bose-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Indian National Army</a>.</strong></li>
<li>He played a major role in <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/world-war-ii" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World War II</strong> </a>and the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/external-intervention-on-kashmir-issue" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Kashmir War of 1948</strong></a> as a pilot in the Indian Air Force.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Role in Kashmir Integration:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Biju Patnaik had fearlessly flown a DC-3 transport aircraft to Srinagar on 27th October 1947, ferrying soldiers of the Sikh regiment after the tribal invasion from Pakistan in Kashmir.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Role in Indonesian Freedom Struggle:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>On the request of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Biju Patnaik flew to Java and brought Sultan Sjahrir out of Dutch controlled territory in Indonesia for a meeting in Delhi. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>For this act of bravery, he was given honorary citizenship in Indonesia and awarded the <strong>&lsquo;Bhoomi Putra&rsquo;,</strong> the highest Indonesian award, rarely granted to a foreigner.</li>
<li>In 1996, the Biju Patnaik was awarded the highest Indonesian national award, the <strong>&lsquo;Bintang Jasa Utma&rsquo;.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1702783" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
		'posturl' => 'biju-patnaik',
		'publishon' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'articles'
	
	}
]
$tags = [
	(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'id' => (int) 419,
		'tag' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'colorcode' => 'FFFFFF',
		'posturl' => 'quick-facts-for-prelims',
		'status' => (int) 1,
		'sort_order' => (int) 5,
		'type' => (int) 0,
		'relivant' => (float) 1,
		'metatitle' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'metakeyword' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'metadescription' => 'Quick Facts For Prelims',
		'addedby' => (int) 9,
		'updatedby' => (int) 9,
		'added' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'modified' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenTime) {},
		'[new]' => false,
		'[accessible]' => [
			[maximum depth reached]
		],
		'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
		'[repository]' => 'tags'
	
	}
]
$title = 'Article Tags'
$lastyear = (int) 2018
$year = '2021'
$i = (int) 2017
$selected = ''
$m = (int) 13
$month = 'December'

include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/rightsection.ctp, line 100
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/articlebox.ctp, line 5
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Articles/tags.ctp, line 61
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 765
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 623
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 125
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93

Achievers Corner

Prelims

Mains & Interview

Current Affairs

Drishti Specials

Free Downloads

Test Series

Videos

Tag Search Results

You searched “Quick Facts For Prelims”. Your tag search matches the following results: