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National Youth Day

Why in News National Youth Day is held every year on 12th January to observe the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda. Key Points The day is...

13 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Sultanpur National Park

Why in News After confirmed cases of bird flu reported from Delhi, the forest department has also stepped up vigilance at Sultanpur national park in...

12 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Jagannath Temple

Why in News Recently, the Shree Jagannath Temple Administration (SJTA) announced that devotees don't need to produce their Covid-19 negative report...

11 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
World Food Price Index: FAO

Why in News The Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) food price index averaged 107.5 points in December 2020, up 2.3 points from November...

08 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Toycathon 2021

Why in News Recently, the government has launched a virtual toy hackathon ‘Toycathon 2021’. Key Points Initiative of: The...

06 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Yakshagana

Why in News Recently a Yakshagana artiste died while performing on stage. Key Points Yakshagana is a traditional theatre form of...

06 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Freight Business Development Portal: Railways

Why in News The Ministry of Railways has launched an exclusive portal to promote and develop the railways’ freight business - Freight Business...

06 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Indian Pangolin

Why in News Recently, the Odisha Forest department has stressed the need for stricter monitoring of social media platforms to check pangolin...

05 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Banana Grit

Why in News Recently, scientists at the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and...

04 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary

Why in News A tigress and her two cubs were found dead in the Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagpur, Maharashtra. Key Points About the...

02 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
203rd Anniversary of the Bhima-Koregaon Battle

Why in News The victory pillar (also known as Ranstambh or Jaystambh) in Bhima-Koregaon village (Pune district of Maharashtra) celebrated the 203rd...

02 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Moringa Powder

Why in News The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) has been supporting private entities in creating...

01 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Mera Gaon, Mera Gaurav Programme: ICAR

Why in News Recently, under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)s initiative ‘Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav’, cleanliness drive...

01 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Virtual Agri-Hackathon 2020

Why in News Recently, the Union Minister of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare inaugurated the Virtual Agri-hackathon 2020 in association with...

01 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Revival of Monpa Handmade Paper

Why in News Recently, the Monpa Handmade Paper (1000-year old heritage art) of Arunachal Pradesh has been revived by Khadi and Village Industries...

01 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
India in GAVI Board

Why in News Recently, the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare has been nominated by the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI)...

01 Jan 2021 Quick Facts For Prelims
Mission Sagar-III

Why in News Recently, the Indian Naval Ship (INS) Kiltan has arrived at Sihanoukville Port, Cambodia as part of ongoing Mission Sagar-III. Key...

30 Dec 2020 Quick Facts For Prelims
100th Kisan Rail

Why in News Recently, the Prime Minister has flagged off the 100th “Kisan Rail” service from Sangola in Solapur district of...

30 Dec 2020 Quick Facts For Prelims
‘Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan’ Project

Why in News Recently, a review meeting of the “Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan” project was held. Key Points Launch:...

29 Dec 2020 Quick Facts For Prelims
Eminent Dance Scholar Sunil Kothari Passes Away

Why in News Recently, eminent dance scholar and critic Sunil Kothari passed away at the age of 87. Key Points He was conferred with the fourth...

28 Dec 2020 Quick Facts For Prelims

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		'article_id' => (int) 7442,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'National Youth Day',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>National Youth Day is held every year on 12<sup>th</sup> January to observe the<strong> birth anniversary</strong> of <a href="/to-the-points/paper4/to-the-point-paper-4-indian-thinker-swami-vivekanand-1863-1902" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Swami Vivekananda.</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1610530068_image3.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1610530068_image3.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="500" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The day is also referred to as <strong>Swami Vivekanand Jayanti</strong> and was designated as the <strong>National Youth Day in 1984.</strong></li>
<li><strong>24<sup>th</sup> National Youth Festival:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Celebrated to commemorate the birth anniversary of <strong>Swami Vivekananda,</strong> the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-youth-day-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Youth Festival</a> is an annual gathering of youth with various activities including competitive ones.</strong></li>
<li>Theme of <strong>2021 Festival: &lsquo;YUVAAH &ndash; Utsah Naye Bharat Ka&rdquo;.</strong></li>
<li>It will be celebrated from <strong>12<sup>th</sup> to 16<sup>th</sup> January</strong></li>
<li>It is organized by the <strong>Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India in collaboration with one of the State Governments.</strong></li>
<li>As part of the <strong>National Youth Festival,</strong> the <strong>National Youth Parliament Festival</strong> (NYPF) has also been organized <strong>since 2019.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>National Youth Parliament Festival:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Objective:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>To hear the voice of youth in this age bracket of <strong>18-25</strong> who are <strong>allowed to vote but cannot contest in elections.</strong></li>
<li>To encourage the youth to engage with public issues, understand the common man&rsquo;s point of view, form their opinion and express these in an articulate manner.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Organized by:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>National Service Scheme</strong> (NSS) and <strong>Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan</strong> (NYKS) under the aegis of <strong>Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <strong>first festival</strong> of the NYPF was organised from<strong> 12<sup>th</sup> January to 27<sup>th</sup> February,</strong> 2019, with the theme <strong>"Be the Voice of New India and Find solutions and Contribute to Policy&rdquo;.</strong></li>
<li>This is the <strong>second NYPF festival</strong> started in <strong>December 2020.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Swami Vivekananda (1863-1902)</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>He was born as <strong>Narendranath Datta on 12<sup>th</sup> January, 1863.</strong></li>
<li>Introduced the world to the Indian philosophies of<a href="/to-the-points/paper4/schools-of-indian-philosophy" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Vedanta and Yoga.</strong></a></li>
<li>He was the chief disciple of the 19<sup>th</sup>-century mystic <strong>Ramakrishna Paramhansa.</strong></li>
<li>Laid the greatest emphasis on <strong>education</strong> for the <strong>regeneration of our motherland. </strong>He advocated a <strong>man-making character-building education.</strong></li>
<li>Established the<strong> Ramakrishna Mission in 1897.</strong> It is an organization which works in the area of <strong>value-based education, culture, health, women's empowerment, youth and tribal welfare and relief and rehabilitation.</strong></li>
<li>He died at <strong>Belur Math in 1902.</strong> Belur Math, located in West Bengal, is the <strong>headquarters of Ramakrishna Math &amp; Ramakrishna Mission.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1687655" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7436,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Sultanpur National Park',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>After confirmed cases of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bird-flu-threat" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>bird flu</strong></a> reported from Delhi, the forest department has also stepped up vigilance at<strong> Sultanpur national park</strong> in Gurgaon district of Haryana.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Location:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is situated in Gurgaon district of Haryana. Distance of the park is around 50 Km from Delhi and 15km from Gurgaon.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Sultanpur National Park</strong> is a bird paradise for bird watchers. It is famous for its <strong>migratory as well as resident birds.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Migratory birds start arriving in the park in September. Birds use the park as a resting place till the following March-April.</li>
<li>During summer and monsoon months the park is inhabited by many local bird species.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>In April 1971, the <strong>Sultanpur Jheel</strong> inside the park (an area of 1.21 sq. Km.) was accorded <strong>Sanctuary status</strong> under section 8 of the <strong>Punjab Wildlife Preservation Act of 1959.</strong></li>
<li>The status of the park was upgraded to <strong>National Park</strong> under the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/wild-life-protection-act-implementation-and-failure" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972</a> </strong>in July 1991.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Important Fauna at the Park:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Mammals:</strong> <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-18th-february-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Blackbuck</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rhesus-macaque-declared-vermin" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nilgai</a>,</strong> Hog deer, Sambar, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rise-in-leopard-population" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Leopard</strong></a> etc.</li>
<li><strong>Birds: <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-conservation-of-migratory-species" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Siberian Cranes</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/counting-birds-together" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Greater Flamingo</a>,</strong> Demoiselle Crane etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other National Park in Haryana:</strong> Kalesar National Park, District Yamunanagar</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/in-gurgaon-vigilance-stepped-up-at-sultanpur-national-park-wetlands-7142658/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7423,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Jagannath Temple',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Shree Jagannath Temple Administration (SJTA)</strong> announced that devotees don't need to produce their <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/comprehensive-action-plan-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Covid-19</a> negative report</strong> for getting entry into the shrine in Puri from January 21.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>At present</strong> devotees entering the temple <strong>have to show Covid-&shy;19 negative reports.</strong></li>
<li>The temple <strong>opened to the public from 3<sup>rd</sup> January</strong> after remaining closed for nine months in the wake of the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/future-pandemics-and-reduction-measures" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> pandemic.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The temple is believed to be constructed in the<strong> 12<sup>th</sup> century by King Anatavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty.</strong></li>
<li>Jagannath Puri temple is<strong> called &lsquo;Yamanika Tirtha&rsquo;</strong> where, according to the Hindu beliefs, the power of &lsquo;Yama&rsquo;, the god of death has been nullified in Puri due to the presence of Lord Jagannath.</li>
<li>This temple was called the<strong> &ldquo;White Pagoda&rdquo;</strong> and is a <strong>part of Char Dham pilgrimages (Badrinath, Dwaraka, Puri, Rameswaram).</strong></li>
<li>There are<strong> four gates</strong> to the temple- <strong>Eastern &lsquo;Singhdwara&rsquo;</strong> which is the main gate with two crouching lions,<strong> Southern &lsquo;Ashwadwara&rsquo;, Western 'Vyaghra Dwara</strong> and <strong>Northern &lsquo;Hastidwara&rsquo;.</strong> There is a carving of each form at each gate.</li>
<li>In front of the entrance stands the Aruna stambha or sun pillar, which was originally at the <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/konark-temple" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Sun Temple in Konark.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1610356261_image2.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1610356261_image2.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="567" height="319" /></strong></a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/virus-negative-report-not-required-to-enter-puri-temple-from-jan-21/article33545777.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7405,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'World Food Price Index: FAO',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Food and Agriculture Organization&rsquo;s (FAO) food price index</strong> averaged<strong> 107.5 points in December 2020, up 2.3 points</strong> from November 2020.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>This marks the <strong>seventh month of consecutive increase.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Index:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It was <strong>introduced in 1996</strong> as a public good to help in monitoring developments in the <strong>global agricultural commodity markets.</strong></li>
<li><strong>The FAO Food Price Index (FFPI) is a measure of the monthly change in international prices of a basket of food commodities.</strong></li>
<li>It measures changes for <strong>a basket of cereals, oilseeds, dairy products, meat and sugar.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Base Period:</strong> 2014-16.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Food and Agriculture Organization:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>FAO is a <strong>specialized agency of the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/united-nations-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">United Nations</a></strong> that leads international efforts to defeat hunger.</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-food-day-1#:~:text=About%20World%20Food%20Day%3A,Together.%E2%80%9D" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Food Day</strong> </a>is celebrated every year around the world on <strong>16<sup>th</sup> October.</strong> The day is celebrated to mark the <strong>anniversary of the founding of the FAO in 1945.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>India</strong> released a <strong>commemorative coin of Rs. 75 denomination</strong> to mark the<strong> 75<sup>th</sup> Anniversary of the FAO</strong> (16<sup>th</sup> October 2020).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is <strong>one of the UN food aid organisations based in Rome (Italy).</strong> Its sister bodies are the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-food-programme-wfp" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Food Programme</strong></a> and the <strong>International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).</strong></li>
<li><strong>Initiatives Taken:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/international-tea-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS).</strong></a></li>
<li>Monitors the <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/locusts-appeared-early-in-rajasthan" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Desert Locust</a> situation</strong> throughout the world.</li>
<li>The<strong> Codex Alimentarius Commission or CAC</strong> is the body responsible for all matters regarding the implementation of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme.</li>
<li>The<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/international-seed-treaty" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture</strong> </a>was adopted by the Thirty-First Session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization in 2001.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Flagship Publications:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA).</li>
<li>The State of the World's Forests (SOFO).</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/food-security-and-nutrition" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI).</strong></a></li>
<li>The State of Food and Agriculture (SOFA).</li>
<li>The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets (SOCO).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/business/world-food-price-index-rises-for-seventh-straight-month-in-december/article33523068.ece#:~:text=The%20Food%20and%20Agriculture%20Organization%27s,month%20versus%20105.2%20in%20November.&amp;text=For%20all%20of%202020%2C%20the,averaged%206.6%25%20above%202019%20levels." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7390,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Toycathon 2021',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the government has launched a virtual toy hackathon &lsquo;Toycathon 2021&rsquo;.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Initiative of:&nbsp;</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Ministry of Education, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Textile, Ministry of Commerce and Industries, Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/initiatives-of-aicte" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>All India Council for Technical Education.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Aim:</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To conceptualize innovative toys based on the Indian value system which will inculcate the positive behaviour and good value among the children.</li>
<li>To promote India as a global toy manufacturing hub (Atmanirbhar Abhiyan).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Features:</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Based on:</strong> Indian culture and ethos, local folklore and heroes, and Indian value systems.</li>
<li><strong>Themes:</strong> Nine themes, including fitness and sport and rediscovering traditional Indian toys.</li>
<li><strong>Participants:</strong> Students, teachers, start-ups and toy experts.</li>
<li><strong>Prize:</strong> Participants can get prizes upto Rs. <strong>50 lakhs.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:&nbsp;</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Toys can be an excellent medium to further the spirit of <a href="/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-analysis/31-10-2018" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>&lsquo;Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat&rsquo;</strong></a>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>&ldquo;Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat&rdquo;</strong> was announced by the Prime Minister in 2015 to&nbsp; <strong>enhance the understanding and bonding between the States,</strong> thereby strengthening the unity and integrity of India.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It will help in promoting&nbsp; the use of educational toys in line with the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-education-policy-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.</strong></a></li>
<li>It will create an ecosystem for the <strong>domestic Toy industry and the local manufacturers,</strong> tapping the untapped resources and <strong>utilizing their potential.</strong></li>
<li>It will help in <strong>reducing toy imports.</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Though the toy market in India is worth USD 1 billion, <strong>80% toys are imported.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/government-launches-hackathon-for-toys/article33504203.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7388,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Yakshagana',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently a Yakshagana artiste died while performing on stage.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609921754_image2.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609921754_image2.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="435" height="653" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Yakshagana is a traditional theatre form of <strong>Karnataka.</strong></li>
<li>It is a <strong>temple art</strong> form that depicts mythological stories and Puranas.</li>
<li>It is performed with massive headgears, elaborate facial make-up and vibrant costumes and ornaments.</li>
<li>Usually recited in Kannada, it is also performed in <strong>Malayalam</strong> as well as <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/tulu-language" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Tulu (the dialect of south Karnataka).</strong></a></li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Note:</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Tulu is a <strong>Dravidian language</strong> whose speakers are concentrated in the region of Tulu Nadu, which comprises the districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka and the northern part of Kasaragod district of Kerala.</li>
<li>The oldest available inscriptions in Tulu are from the period between 14<sup>th</sup> to 15<sup>th</sup> century AD.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is performed with percussion instruments like chenda, maddalam, jagatta or chengila (cymbals) and chakratala or elathalam (small cymbals).</li>
<li>The most popular <strong>episodes are from the Mahabharata</strong> i.e. Draupadi swayamvar, Subhadra vivah, etc. and <strong>from Ramayana</strong> i.e. Rajyabhishek, Lav-Kush yuddh, etc.</li>
</ul>
<table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; text-align: center; background-color: #0a0a3b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>Theatre Forms</strong></span></td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; text-align: center; background-color: #0a0a3b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>State</strong></span></td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; text-align: center; background-color: #0a0a3b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>Theme</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 51px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 51px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Nautanki</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 51px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Uttar Pradesh</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 51px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Often draws on <strong>romantic Persian literature</strong> for its themes.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Tamasha</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Maharashtra</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Evolved from the folk forms such as gondhal, jagran and kirtan.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Bhavai</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Gujarat</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;"><strong>Subtle social criticism</strong> laced with humour.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Jatra</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">West Bengal/Orissa and eastern Bihar</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Originated in Bengal as a result of the <strong>Bhakti movement.</strong> Initially known as Krishna jatra due to Chaitanya&rsquo;s (spiritual founder of Gaudiya Vaishnavism) influence.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Koodiyattam</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Kerala</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;"><strong>Oldest traditional theatre forms</strong> of India, it follows the performative principles of the ancient tradition of Sanskrit theatre. In 2001, Koodiyattam was officially recognized by <strong>UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage</strong> of Humanity.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">
<p>Mudiyettu</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Kerala</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Traditional ritual theatre and folk dance drama from Kerala that enacts the mythological tale of a <strong>battle between the goddess Kali and the demon Darika.</strong> The ritual is a part of the bhagavathi or bhadrakali cult.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Bhaona</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">Assam</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; height: 19px; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0;">A creation of Srimanta Sankardeva (an Assamese saint-scholar), these plays were written in <strong>Brajavali, a unique Assamese-Maithili mixed language,</strong> and are primarily centered on <strong>Hindu deity, Krishna.</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 19px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 19px;">Maach</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 19px;">Madhya Pradesh</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 19px;">It is a sung folk theatre that has a semi sacred character, blending religious and secular themes.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 35px;">
<td style="width: 18.2461%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 35px;">Bhand Pather</td>
<td style="width: 25.2969%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 35px;">Kashmir</td>
<td style="width: 56.4569%; vertical-align: top; background-color: #fffcf0; height: 35px;"><strong>Satire, wit and parody</strong> are commonly used in this folk drama that incorporates local mythological legends and contemporary social commentary.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><br /><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/yakshagana-artiste-dies-while-performing-on-stage/article33499319.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: The Hindu</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7382,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Freight Business Development Portal: Railways',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Ministry of Railways</strong> has launched an<strong> exclusive portal to promote and develop the railways&rsquo; freight business</strong> - Freight Business Development Portal.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Background:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>With<strong> passenger train services suspended due to the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/coronavirus-disease-named-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">coronavirus</a>&nbsp;</strong>crisis, the<strong> railways is banking heavily on freight revenues </strong>for its earnings.</li>
<li>The <strong>Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL),</strong> a government enterprise under the administrative control of the Ministry of Railways, is carrying out the construction of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/dedicated-freight-corridor-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>3,342-km eastern and western freight corridors</strong></a> for exclusive movement of goods trains.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Portal:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This<strong> first of its kind dedicated Freight portal</strong> will ensure that all operations stay <strong>customer centric, reduce the costs for logistics</strong> providers, provide <strong>online tracking facility for suppliers</strong> and also simplify the process of goods transportation.</li>
<li>The aim is to <strong>replace physical processes with online ones</strong> to minimize the need of human to human interaction.</li>
<li>The portal has a focus on <strong>ease of doing business</strong> and to bring more transparency and to provide professional support.</li>
<li>The Railways <strong>has also invited aggregators, truckers, warehouse owners and labour providers</strong> to offer their services to its more than 9,000 freight customers at over 4,000 freight terminals.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1686228" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7361,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Indian Pangolin',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Odisha Forest department has stressed the need for <strong>stricter monitoring of social media platforms</strong> to<strong> check <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/indian-pangolin" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pangolin</a> poaching and trading.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points<a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609834182_image1.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609834182_image1.png" style="float: right;" caption="false" width="275" height="183" /></strong></a></h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Pangolins are<strong> scaly anteater mammals</strong> and they have<strong> large, protective keratin scales covering their skin.</strong> They are the only known mammals with this feature.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Diet:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Insectivore- Pangolins are <strong>nocturnal, and their diet consists of mainly ants and termites,</strong> which they capture using their long tongues.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Types:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Out of the eight species of pangolin, the <strong>Indian Pangolin</strong> <em>(Manis crassicaudata)</em> and the <strong>Chinese Pangolin</strong> <em>(Manis pentadactyla)</em> are <strong>found in India.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Difference:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Indian Pangolin is a large anteater covered by 11-13 rows of scales on the back.</li>
<li>A terminal scale is also present on the lower side of the tail of the Indian Pangolin, which is absent in the Chinese Pangolin.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Habitat:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Indian Pangolin:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is widely distributed in India, except the arid region, high Himalayas and the North-East.</li>
<li>The species is also found in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Chinese Pangolin:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is found in the Himalayan foothills in Eastern Nepal, Bhutan, Northern India, North-East Bangladesh and through Southern China.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Threats to Pangolins in India: </strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Hunting and poaching</strong> for local consumptive use (e.g. as a protein source and traditional medicine) and international trade for its meat and scales in East and South East Asian countries, particularly China and Vietnam.</li>
<li>They are believed to be the world&rsquo;s most trafficked mammal.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Conservation Status:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-conservation-of-migratory-species" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Wildlife Protection Act, 1972</strong></a>: Schedule I</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/iucn-red-list" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>IUCN Red List</strong></a>: Endangered</li>
<li><a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/cites" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>CITES</strong></a>: Appendix I</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/track-social-media-to-check-pangolin-poaching/article33496812.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7352,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Banana Grit',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, scientists at the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/council-of-scientific-and-industrial-research" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Council of Scientific &amp; Industrial Research (CSIR)</strong></a>-<strong>National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)</strong> at Pappanamcode in Kerala have come up with a new product, <strong>Banana Grit or Granules,</strong> developed from raw <strong>Nendran bananas.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>CSIR</strong> is the <strong>largest research and development (R&amp;D) organisation in India.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Banana Grit:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Banana Grit and its byproduct can improve<strong> gut health</strong> and is an<strong> ideal ingredient</strong> in a healthy diet. The concept was introduced to<strong> utilise</strong> the presence of <strong>resistant <a href="/printpdf/starch-based-materials-to-stop-blood-loss" target="_blank" rel="noopener">starch</a> in bananas.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Starch is a<strong> white, granular, organic chemical</strong> that is produced by all <strong>green plants.</strong> It is a <strong>soft, white, tasteless powder</strong> that is insoluble in cold water, alcohol, or other solvents.</li>
<li>In humans and other animals, <strong>starch from plants is broken down into its constituent sugar molecules,</strong> which then <strong>supply energy to the tissues.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>By <strong>diversifying the products sourced from Banana,</strong> farmers can<strong> fetch better prices for their harvest.</strong></li>
<li>It will help in <strong>maintaining health and well-being.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Nendran bananas:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Chengazhikodan Nendran Banana, also known as Chengazhikode Banana, is among the most popular traditional fruits cultivated in<strong> Thrissur district, Kerala.</strong></li>
<li>This variety of Nendran Banana is famed for its characteristic<strong> taste, bunch shape and fruit colour.</strong></li>
<li>The crop is mainly <strong>cultivated</strong> in <strong>organic mode</strong> and the crop duration is <strong>13-14 months.</strong></li>
<li>The Chengalikodan Nendran banana grown in Kerala got <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/gi-tags-to-two-products" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Geographical indication (GI) Tag</strong> </a>in 2014.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>GI</strong> refers to any indication that identifies the <strong>goods as originating from a particular place, where a given quality, reputation </strong>or other <strong>characteristic of the goods is essentially attributable to its geographical origin.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/grit-from-nendran-for-the-health-conscious/article33488063.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7374,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>A <strong>tigress</strong> and her two cubs were found dead in the <strong>Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary, Nagpur, Maharashtra.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Sanctuary:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Umed Paoni Karhandla Wildlife Sanctuary</strong> has a connection with <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/tadoba-andhari-tiger-reserve" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve</strong> </a>through forest along<strong> Wainganga river (a tributary of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/godavari-and-cauvery-river-interlinking-project" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Godavari</a>).</strong></li>
<li>The sanctuary is home to resident breeding<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/tiger-census-report" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> tigers</strong></a>, herds of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/estimation-exercise-of-indian-gaur-in-nilgiris" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Gaur</strong></a>, wild <strong>dogs</strong> and also <strong>rare animals like flying squirrels, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/indian-pangolin" target="_blank" rel="noopener">pangolins </a></strong>and <strong>honey badgers.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Protected Sites of Maharashtra:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Tadoba National Park</li>
<li>Gugamal National Park</li>
<li>Pench National Park</li>
<li>Navegaon National Park</li>
<li>Sanjay Gandhi National Park</li>
<li>Melghat Tiger Reserve</li>
<li>Sahyadri Tiger Reserve</li>
<li>Bor Tiger Reserve</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/nagpur-tigress-2-cubs-found-dead-7129357/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7371,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => '203rd Anniversary of the Bhima-Koregaon Battle',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>victory pillar (also known as Ranstambh or Jaystambh)</strong> in Bhima-Koregaon village (Pune district of Maharashtra) celebrated the <strong>203<sup>rd</sup> anniversary of the Bhima-Koregaon battle of 1818</strong> on <strong>1<sup>st</sup> January, 2021.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>In 2018, <strong>incidents of violent clashes between Dalit and Maratha groups</strong> were registered during the celebration of the <strong>200<sup>th</sup> anniversary</strong> of the Bhima-Koregaon battle.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Historical Background:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>A <strong>battle</strong> was fought in Bhima Koregaon between the <strong>Peshwa forces and the British on 1<sup>st</sup> January, 1818.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>British army,</strong> which <strong>comprised mainly of Dalit soldiers,</strong> fought the <strong>upper caste-dominated Peshwa army.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <strong>British troops defeated the Peshwa army.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Peshwa Bajirao II</strong> had <strong>insulted the Mahar community</strong> and terminated them from the service of his army. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>This caused them to side with the English against the Peshwa&rsquo;s numerically superior army.</li>
<li><strong>Mahar,</strong> caste-cluster, or group of many endogamous castes, living chiefly in Maharashtra state and in adjoining states. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>They mostly speak Marathi, the official language of Maharashtra.</li>
<li>They are officially<strong> designated <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/reimagining-the-national-commission-for-scheduled-castes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Scheduled Castes.</a></strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The defeat of Peshwa army was considered to be a<strong> victory against caste-based discrimination and oppression.</strong></li>
<li>It was one of the last battles of the <strong>Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-18), which ended the Peshwa domination.</strong></li>
<li><strong><a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/indian-political-thinker-br-ambedkar" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Babasaheb Ambedkar</a>&rsquo;s</strong> <strong>visit to the site on 1<sup>st</sup> January, 1927,</strong> revitalised the memory of the battle for the Dalit community, making it a rallying point and an assertion of pride.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>The Victory Pillar Memorial:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It was <strong>erected by the British</strong> in <strong>Perne village</strong> in the district<strong> for the soldiers killed in the Koregaon Bhima battle.</strong> It has attained<strong> legendary stature in Dalit history.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/koregaon-bhima-its-roses-bounteous-gestures-at-dalit-event-marred-by-caste-clashes-last-year-5519082/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7393,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Moringa Powder',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/apeda-trifed" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)</strong> </a>has been supporting private entities in creating necessary infrastructure to promote <strong>Moringa products exports</strong> from India.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Globally, the demand for Moringa products, such as <strong>Moringa Leaf Powder and Moringa Oil, Moringa as a nutritional supplement and in <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/extension-of-food-fortification-scheme" target="_blank" rel="noopener">food fortification</a></strong> has been witnessing healthy growth.</li>
<li>Its usage has been well received among the global consumers for its nutritional, medicinal, culinary uses.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Moringa</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Botanical name:<em><strong> Moringa oleifera</strong></em></li>
<li>It is a <strong>fast-growing, drought-resistant tree native to the Indian subcontinent.</strong></li>
<li>Common names include moringa, drumstick tree, horseradish tree etc.</li>
<li>It is widely cultivated for its <strong>young seed pods and leaves,</strong> used as vegetables and <strong>for traditional herbal medicine.</strong> It is also used for <strong>water purification.</strong></li>
<li>It has various healthy compounds such as <strong>various vitamins,</strong> important elements such as <strong>Iron, Magnesium</strong> etc. and is extremely low on fats and contains<strong> no cholesterol.</strong></li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) was established by the Government of India under the <strong>Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act, 1985.</strong></li>
<li>It functions under the <strong>Ministry of Commerce and Industry.</strong></li>
<li>The Authority has its <strong>headquarters in New Delhi.</strong></li>
<li>APEDA is mandated with the<strong> responsibility of export promotion and development</strong> of the scheduled products like fruits, vegetables and their products, meat and meat products, etc.</li>
<li>APEDA has been entrusted with the<strong> responsibility to monitor import of sugar.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1685065" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7385,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Mera Gaon, Mera Gaurav Programme: ICAR',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, under the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/indian-council-of-agricultural-research" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)</strong></a>s initiative <strong>&lsquo;Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav&rsquo;,</strong> cleanliness drive was carried out in few villages of Goa along with guidance to village panchayats on waste disposal.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>ICAR</strong> is an autonomous organisation under the <strong>Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE),</strong> Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The scheme was<strong> launched in 2015.</strong></li>
<li>The scheme envisages <strong>scientists to select villages as per their convenience</strong> and <strong>remain in touch with the selected villages</strong> and <strong>provide information to the farmers on technical and other related aspects of agriculture</strong> in a time frame <strong>through personal visits or on telephone.</strong></li>
<li>They may function with the help of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/krishi-vigyan-kendra-kvk-conference-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)</strong></a> and <strong>Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA).</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To promote the <strong>direct interface of scientists</strong> with the farmers to hasten the <strong>&ldquo;lab to land&rdquo;</strong> process.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Agriculture Technology Management Agency</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is a <strong>registered society responsible for technology dissemination at the district level.</strong> It is a focal point for integrating research extension and marketing.</li>
<li><strong>Launch:</strong> It was <strong>launched during 2005-06.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Funding:</strong> The funding pattern is <strong>90% by the central Government and 10% by the state government.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Objectives:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To strengthen<strong> research &ndash; extension &ndash; farmer linkages.</strong></li>
<li>To provide an <strong>effective mechanism for coordination and management of activities of different agencies</strong> involved in technology adoption/validation and dissemination at the district level and below.</li>
<li>To<strong> increase the quality and type of technologies</strong> being disseminated.</li>
<li>To move towards <strong>shared ownership of the agricultural technology</strong> system by key shareholders.</li>
<li>To <strong>develop new partnerships</strong> with private institutions including NGOs.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Beneficiaries:</strong> Individual, Community, Women, Farmers/Farm Women groups.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1685062#:~:text=Under%20the%20ICAR's%20initiative%20'Mera,in%20producing%20compost%20from%20waste." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7384,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Virtual Agri-Hackathon 2020',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Union Minister of Agriculture &amp; Farmers&rsquo; Welfare inaugurated the <strong>Virtual Agri-hackathon 2020</strong> in association with <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/indian-council-of-agricultural-research" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Indian Agricultural Research Institute</a> (IARI), Pusa, New Delhi.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>IARI</strong> is the country's <strong>premier national Institute for agricultural research, education and extension.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Agri-Hackathon 2020:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Objective :</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It will<strong> bring together the most important stakeholders</strong> from industry and government alongside India&rsquo;s young <strong>bright minds, creative startups and smart innovators</strong> who will build new, fast and frugal solutions to tackle the challenges of the agriculture sector.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>The Competition:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Requirement:</strong> The hackathon will <strong>accept innovations </strong>and<strong> ideas on farm mechanization, precision agriculture, supply chain </strong>and<strong> food technology, waste to wealth, green energy, </strong>etc.</li>
<li><strong>Prize: Final 24 winners</strong> will get a cash prize of <strong>Rs 1,00,000</strong> along with incubation support, tech &amp; business mentoring and various other benefits.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This event is very <strong>crucial from the standpoint of new technology and value addition in agriculture.</strong></li>
<li>It will help achieve<strong> doubling the farmer's income</strong> which in turn will<strong> create many growth opportunities for the entire country.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1685117" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7383,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Revival of Monpa Handmade Paper',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, <strong>the Monpa Handmade Paper</strong> (1000-year old heritage art) of Arunachal Pradesh has been revived by <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-7th-may-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC).</strong></a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609918083_image2.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1609918083_image2.jpg" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="350" caption="false" /></a></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Monpa Handmade Paper:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The fine-textured handmade paper, which is called <strong>Mon Shugu</strong> in the local dialect, is <strong>integral to the vibrant culture</strong> of the local tribes in Tawang.</li>
<li>The paper has great historic and religious significance as it is the paper <strong>used for writing Buddhist scriptures and hymns in monasteries.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>Monpa handmade paper</strong> is made from the <strong>bark of a local tree called Shugu Sheng,</strong> which has medicinal values too.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Monpa Handmade Paper Industry:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The art of making <strong>Monpa handmade paper</strong> originated over <strong>1000 years ago.</strong> Gradually the art became an <strong>integral part of local custom and culture</strong> in Tawang in Arunachal Pradesh.</li>
<li>Once produced in every household in Tawang, this <strong>handmade paper was a major source of livelihood for the locals.</strong></li>
<li>The handmade paper industry almost disappeared in the last 100 years.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Revival Program:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>An<strong> attempt</strong> for the revival of this handmade paper industry was made <strong>in 1994</strong> but <strong>failed.</strong></li>
<li>KVIC commissioned a Monpa handmade paper making unit in Tawang which not only aimed at reviving the art but also <strong>engaging the local youths with this art professionally and earn.</strong></li>
<li>The revival is aligned with the Prime Ministers Mantra of <a href="/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-editorials/09-06-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Vocal for Local</strong></a>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Future Programs:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Tawang is also known for <strong>two other local</strong> crafts:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Handmade pottery</strong></li>
<li><strong>Handmade furniture</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>KVIC announced that within six months <strong>plans will be rolled out for revival of these two local arts.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Revival of <strong>handmade pottery</strong> will be taken up on priority under<a href="/pdf/1605666266-kumhar-sashaktikaran-yojana.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Kumhar Sashaktikaran Yojana</strong> </a>very soon.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Kumhar Sashaktikaran Yojana (KSY): I</strong>t was launched in 2018 to strengthen and improve the living of potters in the country by making them self reliant.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC)</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>KVIC is a statutory body established under the <strong>Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act, 1956.</strong></li>
<li>The KVIC is charged with the <strong>planning, promotion, organisation and implementation of programmes for the development of Khadi and other village industries</strong> in the rural areas in coordination with other agencies engaged in rural development wherever necessary.</li>
<li>It functions under the <strong>Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.</strong></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1683797" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 15 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7378,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'India in GAVI Board',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare</strong> has been nominated by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/gavi-covax-facility" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation</strong></a> (GAVI)<strong> as a member</strong> on <strong>GAVI board.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Earlier in May 2020, Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare was also elected as the <strong>Chair of the World Health Organization&rsquo;s Executive Board.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The minister will be representing the <strong>South East Area Regional Office (SEARO)/Western Pacific Regional Office (WPRO)</strong> constituency on the GAVI Board.</li>
<li>The seat is<strong> currently held by Myanmar </strong>and <strong>India will be holding </strong>it from <strong>1<sup>st</sup> January 2021 to 31<sup>st</sup> December 2023.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Created in 2000,</strong> Gavi is an international organisation, a <strong>global vaccine alliance.</strong></li>
<li>It <strong>brings together public and private sectors</strong> with the <strong>shared goal of creating equal access to new and underused <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/meeting-of-vaccine-panel" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vaccines</a></strong> for children living in the world&rsquo;s poorest countries.</li>
<li>Its core partners include the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-health-organization-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Health Organisation</strong></a> (WHO),<a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/unicef-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> United Nations Children&rsquo;s Fund</strong> </a>(UNICEF), the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-bank-group" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Bank</strong></a> and the <strong>Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.</strong></li>
<li>As part of its <strong>mission to save lives, reduce <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/poverty-9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">poverty</a> and protect the world against the threat of <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-epidemic-diseases-act#:~:text=The%20Epidemic%20Diseases%20Act%20aims,the%20outbreak%20of%20a%20disease." target="_blank" rel="noopener">epidemics</a></strong>, GAVI has <strong>helped vaccinate more than 822 million children in the world&rsquo;s poorest countries,</strong> preventing more than 14 million future deaths.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>GAVI Board:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is <strong>responsible for strategic direction and policy-making,</strong> oversees the operations of the <strong>Vaccine Alliance and monitors programme implementation.</strong></li>
<li>With membership drawn from a range of partner organisations, as well as experts from the private sector, the Board<strong> provides a forum for balanced strategic decision making, innovation and partner collaboration.</strong></li>
<li>It normally<strong> meets twice a year</strong> in June and November/December and<strong> holds an annual retreat,</strong> normally in March or April.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1684403" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 16 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7339,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Mission Sagar-III',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Indian Naval Ship (INS) <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/samudra-laksamana" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kiltan</a></strong> has arrived at <strong>Sihanoukville Port, Cambodia</strong> as part of ongoing <strong>Mission Sagar-III.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The ship will deliver 15 tons of <strong>Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief</strong> (HADR) stores for the flood-affected people of Cambodia, which will be handed over to Cambodia&rsquo;s <strong>National Disaster Management Committee</strong> (NDMC).<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Earlier, the ship delivered 15 Tons of HADR Stores for the flood-affected people of Central <strong>Vietnam.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Mission Sagar-III is part of <strong>India&rsquo;s HADR assistance to friendly foreign countries</strong> during the ongoing<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/covid-19-now-pandemic-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Covid-19 pandemic.</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>In <strong>November 2020,</strong> as part of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mission-sagar-ii" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Mission Sagar-II</strong></a>, <strong>INS Airavat</strong> delivered food aid to Sudan, South Sudan, Djibouti and Eritrea.</li>
<li>Launched in May 2020, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/mission-sagar" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>'Mission Sagar&rsquo;</strong></a> was India&rsquo;s initiative to deliver Covid-19 related assistance to the countries in the Indian Ocean Littoral states. The countries included were Maldives, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoros and Seychelles.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>This Mission is being undertaken in accordance with the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/sagar-vision" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Security And Growth for All in the Region</strong> </a>(SAGAR) vision and reiterates India&rsquo;s position as a dependable partner, and the <strong>Indian Navy as the Preferred Security Partner and First Responder.</strong></li>
<li>The Mission also highlights the <strong>importance accorded to the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/asean" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a></strong> (ASEAN) countries and further <strong>strengthens the existing bonds.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Cambodia and Vietnam </strong>are<strong> member nations of the ASEAN.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>INS Kiltan</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is a <strong>Kamorta-class anti-submarine warfare corvette.</strong></li>
<li>It is part of the <strong>Indian Navy's Eastern Naval Command,</strong> based at <strong>Visakhapatnam.</strong></li>
<li>INS Kiltan, along with the <strong>INS Sahyadri,</strong> is the latest, <strong>indigenously designed and built multi-role ships</strong> of the Indian Navy.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The two ships are equipped with a versatile array of weapons and sensors and can carry multi-role helicopters representing the &lsquo;coming of age&rsquo; of India&rsquo;s warship building capabilities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Security and Growth for All in the Region</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Launched in <strong>2015,</strong> it is India&rsquo;s strategic vision for the <strong>Indian Ocean Region</strong> (IOR).</li>
<li>Through SAGAR, India seeks to <strong>deepen economic and security cooperation</strong> with its maritime neighbours and assist in building its maritime security capabilities.</li>
<li>Further, India seeks to safeguard its national interests and ensure the IOR to become inclusive, collaborative and respect international law.</li>
<li>The key relevance of SAGAR emerges when seen in conjunction with India&rsquo;s other policies impacting the maritime domain like <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/the-big-picture-india-s-act-east-policy" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Act East Policy</strong></a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-09th-october-2018" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Project Sagarmala</strong></a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-7th-august-2018" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Project Mausam</strong></a>, focus on <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/blue-economy" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Blue Economy</strong></a> etc.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1684365" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7335,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => '100th Kisan Rail',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Recently, the Prime Minister has flagged off the <strong>100<sup>th</sup> &ldquo;Kisan Rail&rdquo;</strong> service from <strong>Sangola in Solapur district of Maharashtra to Shalimar in West Bengal</strong> via video-conferencing.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>In <strong>August 2020,</strong> the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/first-kisan-rail" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>first</strong> </a><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/first-kisan-rail" target="_blank" rel="noopener">&lsquo;Kisan Rail&rsquo;</a> dedicated to agriculture and farmers</strong> was begun to connect farmers and markets across the country.</li>
<li>The government has invested crores of rupees in <strong>modernising the country&rsquo;s supply chain,</strong> of which the Kisan Rail service is a new experiment.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Announcements regarding <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/union-budget-2020-21-social-sector-and-infrastructure" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>modernising agriculture</strong> </a>were made in the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/union-budget-2020-21-highlights" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Budget 2020-21</strong></a> which had envisaged the<strong> Kisan Rail service</strong> and the <strong>Krishi Udaan scheme.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Krishi Udaan</strong> was launched by the<strong> Ministry of Civil Aviation on international and national routes</strong> to assist farmers in<strong> transporting agricultural products</strong> so that it<strong> improves their value realisation.</strong></li>
<li>Under the scheme, financial incentives in terms of concessions from the Centre, state governments and airport operators are extended to selected airlines to encourage operations from unserved and underserved airports, and keep airfares affordable.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Despite the challenges posed by the<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/covid-19-now-pandemic-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Covid-19 pandemic</strong></a>, the &lsquo;Kisan Rail&rsquo; network has expanded in the past four months.</li>
<li>Earlier, the Kisan Rail was <strong>being run only once a week</strong> but now, due to increased demand, it is <strong>being run thrice a week</strong> currently.</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This experiment will prove especially <strong>beneficent for the country&rsquo;s 80% small and marginal farmers.</strong></li>
<li>The service would<strong> transform the economics of Indian agriculture</strong> while <strong>strengthening the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/food-processing-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">country&rsquo;s cold supply chain.</a></strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The lack of cold storage facilities had often resulted in losses for farmers.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Indian farmers can now <strong>transport their produce to far-flung places</strong> within the country as well as <strong>gain access to international markets.</strong></li>
<li>According to the government, the <strong>Kisan Rail service</strong> along with the<a href="/to-the-points/paper3/agricultural-reforms" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> amended farm laws</strong> </a>would help protect farmers against the fluctuations in demand and supply.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/centre-trying-to-expand-markets-for-farmers-pm/article33441310.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7324,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => '‘Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan’ Project',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, a review meeting of the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/adopt-a-heritage-project-for-development-of-tourist-friendly-destinations" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>&ldquo;Adopt a Heritage: Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan&rdquo;</strong></a> project was held.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Launch:</strong> 27<sup>th</sup> September, 2017<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-tourism-day-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> (World Tourism Day)</strong></a>.</li>
<li><strong>Ministries/Agencies Involved:</strong> It is a collaborative effort by the Ministry of<strong> Tourism,</strong> Ministry of <strong>Culture</strong> and <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/new-circles-of-archaeological-survey-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Archaeological Survey of India</a> (ASI), State/UTs Governments.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Aim:</strong> To <strong>develop <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/tourism-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">tourism</a> amenities</strong> at heritage/ natural/ tourist sites spread across India for making them tourist friendly, in a planned and phased manner.</li>
<li><strong>Implementation:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>sites/monuments</strong> are<strong> selected on the basis of tourist footfall and visibility</strong> and can be<strong> adopted by</strong> private and public sector companies and individuals &mdash; known as <strong>Monument Mitras &mdash;</strong> for an initial period of<strong> five years.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>Monument Mitras are selected by the &lsquo;oversight and vision committee,&rsquo;</strong> co-chaired by the Tourism Secretary and the Culture Secretary, on the <strong>basis of the bidder&rsquo;s &lsquo;vision&rsquo; for development of all amenities</strong> at the heritage site. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There is <strong>no financial bid involved.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <strong>corporate sector</strong> is expected to <strong>use <a href="/printpdf/corporate-social-responsibility-csr-expenditure" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Corporate Social Responsibility</a> (CSR)</strong> funds for the upkeep of the site.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Amenities:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Basic facilities</strong> such as clean drinking water facility; illumination; ease of access; aesthetics and cleanliness of site; installation of digi kiosk and ticketing kiosk; signage - descriptive and directional; Wi-Fi.</li>
<li><strong>Advance amenities</strong> such as Visitor Facility Centre; Sound and Light Show; Snack Counter &amp; Souvenir Shop; Augmented Reality Experience and Virtual Reality (360-degree experience).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Benefits to Monument Mitras:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>They will get <strong>limited visibility on the site premises and on the Incredible India website. </strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Status:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Under the project, 27 Memorandum of Understandings (MoUs) have been awarded to 12 Monument Mitras for 25 sites and 2 technological interventions across India.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Schemes for Promoting Tourism:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/paryatan-parv" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>DekhoApnaDesh</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/iconic-tourist-sites" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Iconic Tourist Sites</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/promotion-of-buddhist-sites" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Swadesh Darshan</strong></a></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/promotion-of-buddhist-sites" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual, Heritage Augmentation Drive (PRASHAD)</strong> </a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1684143" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7322,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Eminent Dance Scholar Sunil Kothari Passes Away',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, <strong>eminent dance scholar and critic Sunil Kothari</strong> passed away at the age of 87.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>He was conferred with the <strong>fourth highest civilian award, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/padma-awards-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Padma Shri</a>,</strong> in <strong>2001.</strong></li>
<li>He <strong>authored 20 books</strong> on <a href="/to-the-points/paper1/indian-classical-dances" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Indian classical dances</strong></a> and wrote <strong>extensively on <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/bharatnatyam" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bharatanatyam</a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kathak" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kathak</a> and Manipuri</strong> dance forms.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>His scholarly work, <strong>&ldquo;Sattriya: Classical Dance of Assam&rdquo;,</strong> helped in creating a better understanding of the dance form in the national and global circuit.</li>
<li>His other notable contributions include <strong>New Directions in Indian Dance</strong> and <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kuchipudi-dance-form" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kuchipudi</a> Indian Classical Dance Art.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>He was elected as a <strong>Fellow of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sangeet-natak-akademi-awards-2018" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sangeet Natak Akademi.</a></strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Indian Classical Dances</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Indian classical dances have <strong>two basic aspects:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Tandava</strong> (movement and rhythm) and Lasya (grace, bhava and rasa).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The<strong> three main components</strong> of them are:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Natya:</strong> the dramatic element of the dance i.e. the imitation of characters.</li>
<li><strong>Nritta:</strong> the dance movements in their basic form.</li>
<li><strong>Nritya:</strong> expressional component i.e. mudras or gestures.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <strong>nine rasas</strong> are: Love, Heroism, Pathos, Humour, Anger, Fear, Disgust, Wonder and Peace.</li>
<li>The <em><strong>Natya Shastra</strong></em> written by <strong>Bharat Muni</strong> is the most prominent source for the Indian aestheticians for establishing the characteristics of the dances.</li>
<li>There are <strong>8 classical dances in India:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Bharatnatyam (Tamil Nadu)</li>
<li>Kathak (North India)</li>
<li>Kathakali (Kerala)</li>
<li>Mohiniyattam (Kerala)</li>
<li>Kuchipudi (Andhra Pradesh)</li>
<li>Odissi (Odisha)</li>
<li>Sattriya (Assam)</li>
<li>Manipuri (Manipur)</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Contemporary classical dance forms</strong> have evolved out of the<strong> musical play or sangeet-nataka performed</strong> from the 12<sup>th</sup> century to the 19<sup>th</sup> century.</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Sangeet Natak Akademi</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is India's<strong> national academy for music, dance and drama.</strong></li>
<li>It was <strong>created by a resolution of the Ministry of Education</strong> (formerly the Ministry of Human Resource Development), Government of India,<strong> in 1952</strong> with<strong> Dr P V Rajamannar as its first Chairman.</strong></li>
<li>It is <strong>presently an autonomous body of the Ministry of Culture</strong> and is<strong> fully funded by the Government</strong> for implementation of its schemes and programmes.</li>
<li>The Akademi <strong>establishes and looks after institutions and projects of national importance</strong> in the field of the performing arts.<strong> Few important ones are:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>National School of Drama,</strong> New Delhi (set up in 1959).</li>
<li><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru Manipur Dance Academy,</strong> Imphal (set up in 1954).</li>
<li><strong>Kathak Kendra</strong> (National Institute of Kathak Dance), New Delhi (set up in 1964).</li>
<li><strong>National Projects of Support</strong> to <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kutiyattam" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Kutiyattam</strong></a> (Sanskrit theatre of Kerala), Chhau dances of eastern India, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sattriya-dance" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Sattriya</strong></a> traditions of Assam, etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/dance-historian-sunil-kothari-dies-of-cardiac-arrest/article33429773.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
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