Q. What are the present challenges before crop diversification? How do emerging technologies provide an opportunity for crop diversification? (250 Words)

Q. Keeping in view of India’s internal security, analyse the impact of cross-border cyber-attacks. Also, discuss defensive measures against these sophisticated attacks. (150 Words)

Q. “Pressure groups play a vital role in influencing public policy making in India.” Explain how the business associations contribute to public policies. (150 Words)

Q. “Besides being a moral imperative of a Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary precondition for sustainable development.” Analyse. (150 Words)

Q. What were the circumstances leading up to the American War of Independence? Explain (150 Words)

Q. Discuss the vital role played by India in effectuating the “Armistice Agreement, 1953”, that ended the Korean War. (250 Words)

Essay Topic

1) Existence precedes essence.
2) Water is not a problem but politics over the sharing of water is.

Q. Has digital illiteracy, particularly in rural areas, coupled with lack of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) accessibility hindered socio-economic development? Examine with justification. (250 Words)

Q. What is the key difference between sympathy, empathy and compassion? Highlight the role of empathy in shaping leadership. (150 Words)

Q. How can Emotional Intelligence (EI) help in administration and governance in India? (150 Words)

Q. Analyse the importance of the development of Anti-satellite weapons for strategic military purposes. Will India’s Anti-satellite weapon test spark an arms race in space? (150 words)

Q. The crisis of Kashmir is embedded in the crisis of development in Kashmir. Comment. (150 words)

Q. “Though women in post-Independent India have excelled in various fields, the social attitude towards women and feminist movement has been patriarchal.” Apart from women education and women empowerment schemes, what interventions can help change this milieu? (250 Words)

Q. Do Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committees keep the administrations on its toes and inspire reverence for parliamentary control? Evaluate the working of such committees with suitable examples. (250 Words)

Essay Topic

1. Values are not what humanity is, but what humanity ought to be.

2. The Earth is not for Humans Only.

Q. Analyse the distinguishing features of the notion of Right to Equality in the Constitutions of the USA and India. (250 Words)

Q. “Thinking should become your capital asset, no matter whatever ups or downs you come across in your life”- A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. Elucidate. (150 Words)

Q. Ethics and politics are the fields completely opposite to each other. Do you agree? (150 Words)

Case study

Pollution is severely affecting the health of people in a metropolitan city. One of the major causes of this environmental calamity is widespread stubble burning by farmers in the surrounding regions after harvesting paddy crop. Despite an outright ban imposed by the government and the introduction of subsidy packages for buying advance machines to dispose stubble, stubble burning remains unabated. The cause for farmers’ indifference towards machines is the belief that the use of machines like happy seeders leads to a fall in the output of successive crops. Recently, the state High Court has called for stringent implementation of the ban order in the neighbouring district of the state capital. You are the District magistrate of one of these districts and want to get rid of this polluting activity. However, your efforts are not yielding desirable results on the ground because of the politicization of this practice. Now, the local leaders are pressuring you to ignore the ban for this season and send deceptive data to the High Court otherwise they will lose support in the election. Although you are against stubble burning, you genuinely sympathize with the farmers for their predicaments.

The district also has a history of farmers’ movements which were at times violent. You are well aware of this and want to avoid any untoward incident of violence or agitation in this politically charged atmosphere.

(a) Identify the various issues involved in the case.
(b) As a District Magistrate of the concerned area, what will be your course of action in resolving the issue? (250 Words)

Q. To what extent are international organizations and collaborations effective in controlling terror financing across the globe? (150 words)

Q. Critically examine the aims and objectives of SCO. What importance does it hold for India? (250 Words)

Q. To what extent, in your view, the Parliament is able to ensure accountability of the executive in India? (150 words)

Q. German National Socialism was much more than nationalization and redistribution of wealth. Comment. (150 words)

Q. Could Russia have avoided revolution in 1917? How far was the revolution successful in fulfilling its promises? (150 words)

Essay Topics

1. “To be prepared for war is one of the most effective means of preserving peace.”

2. Violence may at times have quickly cleared away an obstruction, but it has never proved itself to be creative.

Q. The birth of the League of Nations on the ruins of the First World War was welcomed. However, it could do little to prevent the Second World War. Examine. (250 words)

Q. Prejudice can exist without discrimination. Comment. (150 Words)

Q. What are the ethical issues involved in using artificial intelligence in military security? (150 Words)

Q. How is capability approach different from utilitarianism? Discuss. (150 Words)

Q. What are the research and developmental achievements in applied biotechnology? How will these achievements help to uplift the poorer sections of the society? (250 Words)