Mains Practice Questions

Q. “Borders today are as much digital as they are physical.” Analyze India’s vulnerabilities to cyber intrusions and digital espionage. Suggest an integrated cyber defense and digital sovereignty strategy. (250 words)

Q. How far can carbon farming and regenerative agriculture provide India with both climate resilience and export competitiveness? Discuss. (150 words)

Q. “Narco-terrorism is the silent war on youth.”Analyze how narco-terrorism affects India’s demographic dividend. Suggest preventive and rehabilitative measures to shield the young population from this menace. (250 words)

Q. “Care work is the invisible scaffolding of the economy.” How can recognising and integrating care work reshape labour markets and raise the female Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)? (150 words)

Q. Climate justice and carbon markets have gained prominence in international negotiations. Critically evaluate India’s position on these concepts and their relevance for equitable sustainable development. (250 words)

Q. Analyze the structural, financial, and regulatory challenges in formalizing India’s informal sector while preserving its employment generation potential. (250 words)

Q. Critically analyze how climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of cloudbursts in India. Assess the preparedness of India’s disaster management framework to address cloudburst events. (250 words)

Q."A river’s purity is the first casualty of unchecked progress."Discuss the challenges in implementing effective wastewater treatment to curb river pollution in India. (150 words)

Q. Despite being the largest cotton producer globally, India lags in productivity. Critically examine the key challenges in cotton productivity in India and evaluate the role of recently launched “Mission for Cotton Productivity” in addressing them. (250 words)

Q. India’s participation in the Axiom Mission marks a shift towards global human spaceflight collaboration. Analyze its implications for India’s space sector. (150 words)

Q. “India’s renewable energy transition is necessary, but not yet sufficient.” Analyse the environmental and socio-economic trade-offs in large-scale solar and wind energy projects. (250 words)

Q. “In a country where deprivation wears many faces, economic policy must begin at the margins, not the median.” Examine in the context of poverty alleviation strategies in India. (250 words)

Q. "Disasters in India are often a result of development choices rather than natural hazards alone." Examine how unplanned urbanization has contributed to increasing disaster risk. (250 words)

Q. "Indigenous defence technology plays a critical role in enhancing India’s strategic autonomy and national security”. Discuss its significance in the context of India’s evolving security landscape. (250 words)

Q. “With the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, India must urgently integrate climate change adaptation into its disaster risk management framework. Discuss in the context of recent events and policy responses.” (250 words)

Q. "Logistics is the backbone of a nation’s economic efficiency, and its transformation is essential for India’s journey from a developing economy to a developed one." Discuss. (250 words)

Q. “India’s counter-terrorism strategy has evolved over time in response to changing patterns of terrorism”. Discuss the key components of India's current counter-terrorism strategy and evaluate its effectiveness in curbing cross-border terrorism. (250 words)

Q. Examine the role of nanotechnology in medical applications, especially in drug delivery systems. What are the potential health risks and regulatory challenges associated with its widespread use? (250 words)

Q. Critically assess the potential impact of the National Manufacturing Mission on India’s manufacturing sector. How can this initiative enhance the sector’s global competitiveness? (250 words)

Q. "The Himalayas are not just a geographical feature, but a living ecosystem, vital for sustaining the environment, biodiversity, and livelihoods." Discuss. (150 words)

Q. Discuss the current flood management strategies adopted by Indian cities. How effective are these strategies in mitigating urban flooding, and what improvements can be made in flood risk management and disaster preparedness? (250 words)

Q. Assess the role of green investments in India’s transition to a sustainable economy. How can India integrate environmental sustainability with economic growth in the context of its ‘Net-Zero’ emissions target by 2070? (250 words)

Q. Discuss the impact of deforestation on biodiversity and climate change in India, highlighting the government initiatives undertaken to mitigate these effects. (150 words)

Q. Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a key tool in improving governance and public service delivery in India. Discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with its adoption in the public sector. (250 words)

Q. The convergence of organized crime and terrorism poses a significant threat to India’s internal security. Examine the nature of this nexus and its implications for counter-terrorism efforts.(250 words)

Q. India’s economic growth has been uneven in generating employment and ensuring equitable income distribution. Discuss the structural issues contributing to this disparity and propose corrective measures. (250 words)

Q. Indian cities face rising risks from both natural and man-made disasters. Discuss the need for integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) into urban planning and infrastructure. (150 words)

Q. The commercialization of space and increasing private participation have created a new space economy. Discuss its significance for India and outline the role of ISRO in this evolving ecosystem. (250 words)

Q. Discuss the effectiveness of India’s climate change policies in meeting its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. (150 words)

Q. Examine the role of MSMEs in India’s economic growth and employment generation. What are the key challenges confronting the MSME sector, and how can they be addressed? (250 words)