Mains Practice Questions

Q. Explain the role of subtropical westerly and tropical easterly jet streams in the onset and withdrawal of the Indian monsoon. (250 words)

Q. "The art and culture of the Vijayanagara Empire were not only expressions of aesthetic excellence but also instruments of political legitimacy and religious consolidation." Discuss. (250 words)

Q. “Indian society today is moving faster than its social vocabulary can interpret.” Analyze the societal implications of changing norms around gender, technology, and generational aspirations. (250 words)

Q. “Colonial land revenue settlements not only transformed agrarian relations but also reshaped rural society and politics in modern India.” Comment. (150 words)

Q. Primary rocks form the foundation of Earth’s geology. Discuss their types, formation processes, and distinguishing features. (150 words)

Q. The colonial administration in India significantly altered the traditional tribal systems. Analyze the consequences of these disruptions and the responses of the tribal communities to these changes. (250 words)

Q. The evolution of Indian painting from cave murals to miniature traditions reveals shifts in patronage and cultural narratives. Comment. (150 words)

Q. India is poised to reap a demographic dividend due to its young population profile. Discuss the opportunities and challenges of leveraging India’s demographic dividend for economic and social development. (250 words)

Q. Evaluate the extent to which British colonial policies in the 19th century contributed to the decline of traditional Indian industries and the emergence of a colonial economic structure. (150 Words)

Q. Tropical cyclones are products of complex interactions between oceanic and atmospheric systems. Discuss the factors responsible for their formation and regional distribution, with special reference to the Indian Ocean region. (250 words)

Q. Despite several policy measures and constitutional safeguards, manual scavenging continues to persist in India. Analyse the reasons for its continued existence despite legal bans and targeted welfare initiatives. (250 words)

Q. The architecture of the Vijayanagara Empire represents a high point in the cultural history of South India. Comment. (150 words)

Q. Western Disturbances are crucial to India’s winter rainfall pattern, yet their variability poses both opportunities and risks for Indian agriculture. Discuss (150 words)

Q. Critically assess the impact of colonial land revenue settlements on India’s agrarian economy, and patterns of land ownership. (250 words)

Q. Critically analyse the continuity and transformation of traditional social values in contemporary Indian society.(250 words)

Q. Examine how the spiritual and emotive principles enshrined in the Natya Shastra have guided the evolution of Indian classical dance forms. (150 words)

Q. How did Bhakti literature shape Indian culture, and what was the nature of its expression across regions?(250 words)

Q. Analyze how the characteristics of the troposphere make it the principal layer for weather phenomena. (150 words)

Q. Discuss the policies of Lord Curzon and assess how they contributed to the evolution of India’s national movement. (150 words)

Q. "River interlinking projects have been hailed as a potential solution to water scarcity, yet their implementation raises concerns about ecological disruption and the long-term sustainability of such efforts. Comment." (250 Words)

Q. Classical dance forms of India are not just artistic expressions, but a fusion of tradition, philosophy, and spirituality. Illustrate with examples. (150 words)

Q. To what extent did the socio-religious reform movements of the 19th century contribute to the rise of national consciousness in colonial India? (250 words)

Q. In what ways does Indian temple architecture reflect regional diversity and socio-political influences? Comment with suitable examples

Q. Despite being rich in mineral resources, several regions in India continue to face underdevelopment. Discuss the paradox between mineral wealth and regional development in India.

Q. Analyze the role of revolutionary movements in India's freedom struggle. (250 words)

Q. Urbanization is not merely a demographic shift but a transformative process reshaping social structures and relationships in India. Discuss. (150 words)

Q. "The Sanchi Stupa is a testament to India’s rich Buddhist heritage and evolving architectural styles. Discuss its historical significance, artistic features, and the contributions of various dynasties in its development. (250 words)

Q. How do geomorphological processes influence the formation and evolution of river systems in India? Illustrate with examples from different river basins. (150 words)

Q. “Gandhara and Mathura schools of art represent two distinct yet interconnected artistic traditions of ancient India”. How did these schools contribute to the evolution of Indian sculptural art? (150 words)

Q. Compare and contrast the Permanent Settlement and the Ryotwari Settlement introduced by the British in India. How did these land revenue systems impact agrarian society and the overall economy? (250 words)