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Project SWADESH

  • 29 Nov 2021
  • 3 min read

Why in News

Recently, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT)-National Brain Research Centre (DBT-NBRC) has developed Project SWADESH, for managing Neurological disorders.

  • NBRC is the only institute in India dedicated to Neuroscience Research and Education.

Key Points

  • About:
    • It is the first large-scale multimodal neuroimaging database designed specifically for the Indian population with big-data architecture and analytics for various disease categories under one platform.
    • It proposes a big-data architecture that manages and analyzes six modules, namely neurodegenerative [AD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Parkinson’s disease (PD)], neuropsychiatric (schizophrenia and bipolar disorder), neurodevelopmental (autism and epilepsy), Covid-19-related disorders, other disorders, and healthy subjects.
    • It is supported by JAVA-based workflow environments and Python. Backed by a dedicated storage system, it provides quality control, data analysis reports, and data backups.
      • Python and Java are both computer programming languages.
  • Significance:
    • It will be useful in conducting multimodal brain studies to understand Alzheimer’s disease and several neurological disorders.
    • Its development will facilitate the integration of multi-site data and collaborative research worldwide.

Neurological Disorders

  • Meaning:
    • Neurological disorders are diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system.
      • In other words, the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscles.
  • Types:
  • Injury-related Neurological Disorders:
    • Traumatic brain injuries, Spinal cord injuries.
  • Indian Scenario
    • Neurological disorders contribute 10% of the total disease burden in India.
    • There is a growing burden of non-communicable neurological disorders in the country, which is mainly attributable to the ageing of the population.
    • The contribution of non-communicable neurological disorders to total DALYs (disability adjusted life-years) in India doubled from 4% in 1990 to 8·2% in 2019, and the contribution of injury-related neurological disorders increased from 0·2% to 0·6%.
      • Burden, high blood pressure, air pollution, dietary risks, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index are the leading contributors for Neurological Disorders in India.

Source: PIB

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