Buxa Tiger Reserve

• 05 Jan 2024

Source: IE

Why in News?

Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR) in West Bengal witnessed the return of a tiger for the second time in two years after a 23-year absence, sparking hope for a flourishing ecosystem and a potential resurgence of tiger populations.

What are the Key Facts About Buxa Tiger Reserve?

• About:
  • Buxa Tiger Reserve and National Park covers 760 square kilometers and is located in North Bengal’s Alipurduar district.
  • Buxa is a “low density” reserve and part of a larger tiger territory that stretches to Bhutan.
  • The rivers Sankosh, Raidak, Jayanti, Churnia, Turturi, Phashkhawa, Dima, and Nonani flow through Buxa National Park.
• Corridor Connectivity:
  • According to the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), the Reserve has corridor connectivity across the border with the forests of Bhutan in the North; linkages with the Kochugaon forests (Assam) and Manas Tiger Reserve (Assam) in the East; and with the Jaldapara National Park in the West.
    • The reserve's connectivity serves as a vital link in promoting the migration and genetic diversity of Bengal tigers.
• Flora:
  • Prominent tree species include Sal, Champ, Gamar, Simul, and Chikrasi, contributing to the reserve's diverse and vibrant ecosystem.
• Fauna:
  • The primary wildlife species include the Asian Elephant, Tiger, gaur (Indian bison), Wild boar, Sambar, and Wild dog (Dhole).
  • Endangered species in Buxa Tiger Reserve encompass the Leopard cat, Bengal florican, Regal python, Chinese Pangolin, Hispid hare, and Hog deer.
• Conservation Initiatives:
  • Introduced chitals (spotted deer) to enhance the tiger's prey base, fostering favorable conditions for their return, and showcasing successful conservation efforts.
  • Proactive measures have been taken to expand the grassland, creating an ideal habitat for tigers and other wildlife.
  • Initiatives focus on reducing human interference, curbing infiltration, and controlling trespassing to create a harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife.
  • Tiger Augmentation Project was launched in 2018, this collaborative project involves the state forest department, the Wildlife Institute of India, and the NTCA, focusing on monitoring and enhancing the tiger population.

Other Protected Areas in West Bengal

• Gorumara National Park
• Sundarbans National Park
• Neora Valley National Park
• Singalila National Park
• Jaldapara National Park
• Sundarban Tiger Reserve
• Mayurjharna Elephant Reserve
• Eastern Dooars Elephant Reserve

UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question (PYQ)

Prelims

Q. Among the following Tiger Reserves, which one has the largest area under “Critical Tiger Habitat”? (2020)

(a) Corbett
(b) Ranthambore
(c) Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam
(d) Sundarbans

Ans: (c)