Jal Jeevan Mission

• 14 Jun 2022

For Prelims: Jal Jeevan Mission (Rural and urban)

For Mains: Significance of Jal Jeevan Mission in development of Rural India

Why in news?

Recently, the Centre announced that over 50% of rural households have access to tap water supply.

What is Jal Jeevan Mission?

• About:
  • Launched in 2019, it envisages supply of 55 litres of water per person per day to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
  • JJM looks to create a jan andolan for water, thereby making it everyone’s priority.
  • It comes under Jal Shakti Ministry.
• Aims:
  • The mission ensures functionality of existing water supply systems and water connections, water quality monitoring and testing as well as sustainable agriculture.
  • It also ensures conjunctive use of conserved water; drinking water source augmentation, drinking water supply system, grey water treatment and its reuse.
• Features:
  • JJM focuses on integrated demand and supply-side management of water at the local level.
  • Creation of local infrastructure for source sustainability measures as mandatory elements, like rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and management of household wastewater for reuse, is undertaken in convergence with other government programmes/schemes.
  • The Mission is based on a community approach to water and includes extensive Information, Education and Communication as a key component of the mission.
• Implementation:
  • Paani Samitis plan, implement, manage, operate and maintain village water supply systems.
    • These consist of 10-15 members, with at least 50% women members and other members from Self-Help Groups, Accredited Social and Health Workers, Anganwadi teachers, etc.
  • The committees prepare a one-time village action plan, merging all available village resources. The plan is approved in a Gram Sabha before implementation.
• Funding Pattern:
  • The fund sharing pattern between the Centre and states is 90:10 for Himalayan and North-Eastern States, 50:50 for other states, and 100% for Union Territories.

What has been the JJM's Performance so far?

• As per the JJM dashboard, around 9.65 crore households (50.38%) have tap water connections across the nation as of 10^th June, 2022.
• At the State level, Goa, Telangana and Haryana have achieved 100% tap connectivity to all households in the State.
• Union territories like Puducherry, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu have also provided 100 % of their households with tap water connections.
• States with over 90 % FHTC (Functional Household toilet coverage) coverage are (approximate figures are in brackets) – Punjab at 99.72 %, Gujarat at 95.91 % , Himachal Pradesh at 93.05% and Bihar at 92.74%.
• States with the least FHTC coverage are — Rajasthan at 24.87 % , Chhattisgarh at 23.10 % , Jharkhand at 20.57% and Uttar Pradesh at 13.86%.

What is Jal Jeevan Mission(Urban)?

• In the Budget 2021-22, Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban) has been announced under the Housing and Urban Affairs Ministry to provide universal coverage of water supply to all households through functional taps in all statutory towns in accordance with Sustainable Development Goal- 6.
• It complements the Jal Jeevan Mission (Rural) which envisages supply of 55 litres of water per person per day to every rural household through Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) by 2024.
• Objectives of Jal Jeevan Mission (Urban):
  • Securing tap and sewer connections
  • Rejuvenation of water bodies
  • creating circular water economy

Source: TH