GRAM UJALA

• 22 Mar 2021

Why in News

Recently, the Government has launched the Gram UJALA Programme - an ambitious scheme offering the world’s cheapest LED bulbs in rural areas at a mere Rs. 10.

Key Points

• Coverage: In its first phase launched from Arrah in Bihar, 15 million LED bulbs will be distributed across villages of 5 districts - Aarah (Bihar), Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh), Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh), Nagpur (Maharashtra), and villages in western Gujarat.
  
  • The light-emitting diode (LED) is one of today's most energy-efficient and rapidly-developing lighting technologies.
• Implementation:
  
  • 7 watt and 12-watt LED bulbs with 3 years warranty will be given to rural consumers against submission of working Incandescent bulbs.
    
    • Each household will get up to 5 LEDs.
    • Participating rural households will also have metres installed in their houses to account for usage.
  • The LED bulbs are offered by state-run Energy Efficiency Services Ltd’s (EESL’s) subsidiary Convergence Energy Services Ltd (CESL).
    
    • EESL is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the Ministry of Power.
• Financing Mechanism:
  
  • The programme will be financed entirely through carbon credits and will be the first such programme in India.
  • The revenue earned from carbon credits will contribute Rs. 60 per LED bulb piece, with the balance Rs. 10 to be paid by the rural consumer.
    
    • Carbon credit (or “carbon offsets”) are certificates generated by projects or activities that reduce, avoid, or destroy greenhouse gases.
    • Project owners, such as solar and wind energy developers, or protectors of endangered forestlands can sell these certificates to an individual or a company to earn revenues to keep expanding their projects into the future.
    • When one purchases carbon offsets, one is funding the reduction or elimination of carbon.
  • Further on, carbon credit documentation will be sent to United Nations (UN) accredited validators for inclusion into the Shine Program of activities.
    
    • Carbon credits will be prepared under the Shine Program of Activities with an option for verifying under the Voluntary Carbon Standard, depending on the needs of buyers.
    • Carbon Credit Buyers will also be sought through an open process based on initial discussions with the market.
• Significance:
  
  • Help in meeting intended nationally determined contributions under paris climate accord.
    
    • If all 300 million lights in India were replaced, the total energy savings would be 40,743 million kWh/year, avoiding peak demand of 22,743MW/year and CO₂ reductions of 37 million tons per year.
  • Through extra carbon credit, India will boost its position in global carbon trade.
  • Boost to efforts to ensure 24-hour power supply.
    
    • The Prime Minister of India, in his Independence Day speech of 2015, promised that all villages where electricity was yet to reach, will have power within 1,000 days.
    • To create basic power infrastructure and connectivity, the government had announced a scheme - the Deendayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana.
  • Help in the growth of domestic LED markets.
  • Meet the benefit of sustainable development goals (SDG).
    
    • Specially SDG7: To ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services.
• Other Schemes for Encouraging Use of LED Bulbs:
  
  • Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA).
  • Street Lighting National Programme (SLNP).

Source:PIB