State PCS - Rajasthan (RAS)

• 17 Nov 2025

Gadisar Lake

Why in News? 

The Gadisar Lake in Jaisalmer is facing conservation issues, prompting the Rajasthan High Court to direct the state government to submit a detailed response on its plans to conserve the lake. 

Key Points 

• Gadisar Lake is a 14th-century artificial water reservoir located in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. 
• It was originally built by Raja Rawal Jaisal, and later renovated by Maharawal Gadsi Singh, from whom it derives its present name. 
• The lake was historically the primary water source for Jaisalmer, functioning as a crucial rainwater harvesting and conservation system in the desert region. 
• The lake’s catchment area has shrunk due to encroachment, urban pressure, siltation, and pollution, threatening its ecological balance. 
• Gadisar Lake supports local biodiversity, including migratory birds in winter, making it an important urban-wetland ecosystem. 
• It is surrounded by ghats, temples and chhatris that create a rich cultural–architectural heritage zone, and it continues to draw visitors for its Tilon-ki-Pol gateway, boating activities and scenic vistas. 

Garuda Exercise 2025

Why in News? 

The Indian Air Force (IAF) is taking part in the 8th edition of Exercise Garuda-25, a bilateral air combat drill conducted with the French Air and Space Force (FASF). 

Key Points 

• About Garuda Exercise: 
  • “Garuda” is a bilateral air exercise between the Indian and French air forces, conducted periodically since 2003. 
  • It is among the highest-level air force exercises India conducts with a foreign air force and is held alternately in India and France. 
  • Its key objectives include enhancing mutual operational capabilities, sharing tactics, building log-operational familiarity and forging strategic ties. 
• About 2025 Edition: 
  • The 8th edition of Garuda (Garuda-25) is being held from 16th to 27th November, 2025 at Mont‑de‑Marsan Air Base in France. 
  • The Indian Air Force (IAF) contingent, featuring Su-30MKI fighter aircraft supported by IL-78 refuellers and C-17 Globemaster III air-lift assets, will operate alongside French multirole fighters in complex simulated missions involving air-to-air combat, air defence, and joint strike operations.