Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh

• 21 Feb 2020

Why in News

On the Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh (21st February), the Prime Minister and other leaders praised the traditions and culture of the two northeast states.

• On 21^st February (1987) two new States of Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh came into being as the 23^rd and 24^th states of the Indian Union respectively.

Mizoram

• The Mizo hills area became the Lushai Hills district within Assam at the time of independence. Further, in 1954 it was renamed the Mizo Hills District of Assam.
• The growing discontent due to the Mautam famine (1959-1961), the movement began for independence under a Mizo leader named, Laldenga.
• The Mizo National Front (MNF) under Laldenga’s leadership intensified the movement for secession from Assam when Nagaland was given separate status as a Central Government Administrative Agency in 1957 and statehood in 1963.
• After signing an accord with the moderates of the MNF the Union Government established Mizoram with the status of a Union Territory in 1972.
• The Union Territory of Mizoram was conferred the status of a full state after signing of a memorandum of settlement (Mizoram Peace Accord) between the Central government and the Mizo National Front, ending the two-decade-old Insurgency.
• Mizoram was granted statehood by the State of Mizoram Act, 1986.

NOTE:

Mizoram

• Capital: Aizawl
• Sex Ratio: 975 female per 1000 male (National: 943)
• Literacy: 91.58 % (National: 74.04%)
• Mizoram shares the International Border with Myanmar and Bangladesh.
• It has the highest concentration (percentage) of tribal population among all states of India.
• According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, Mizoram has the maximum forest cover as a percentage of their own geographical area at (85.4%).

Arunachal Pradesh

• The area of Arunachal Pradesh was integrated into Assam at the time of independence. But the presence of China with an unsettled border made the area militarily important for the government.
• The area was upgraded to the Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh in 1972 and was granted statehood by the State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1986 in 1987.

NOTE:

Arunachal Pradesh

• Capital: Itanagar
• Sex Ratio: 938 female per 1000 male (National: 943)
• Literacy: 65.38 % (National: 74.04%)
• Arunachal Pradesh shares an international border with Bhutan, China and Myanmar.
• It is the largest state area wise in the north-eastern region, even larger than Assam which is the most populous.
• It is inhabited by the world’s largest variety (diversity) of ethnic tribal groups and subgroups.

Source: PIB