Warning (2) : file_put_contents(): Only -1 of 184 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=0 SELECT categories.type AS `categories__type` FROM categories categories WHERE (status = 1 AND posturl = 'competition-commission-of-india')'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=0 SELECT categories.type AS `categories__type` FROM categories categories WHERE (status = 1 AND posturl = 'competition-commission-of-india')
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 472
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2644 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 1101 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=1 rows=1 SELECT articles.metatitle AS `metatitle`, articles.metadescription AS `metadescription`, articles.metakeyword AS `metakeyword`, pdf_name AS `pdf_name`, display_printpdf AS `display_printpdf`, display_comments AS `display_comments`, article_id AS `article_id`, articles.secondary_tag AS `secondary_tag`, articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.title AS `articles__title`, articles.description AS `articles__description`, featuredimage AS `featuredimage`, articles.publishon AS `publishon`, articles.posturl AS `posturl`, c.posturl AS `caturl`, c.title AS `catname`, articles.tag_id AS `tag_id`, t.tag AS `tag`, t.relivant AS `tag_relivant`, t.posturl AS `tag_posturl`, t.colorcode AS `tagcolor` FROM articles articles left JOIN categories c ON articles.category_id=c.category_id left JOIN tags t ON articles.tag_id=t.id WHERE (articles.status = 1 AND articles.posturl = 'competition-commission-of-india' AND c.posturl = 'drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions') GROUP BY articles.article_id ORDER BY publishon desc'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=1 rows=1 SELECT articles.metatitle AS `metatitle`, articles.metadescription AS `metadescription`, articles.metakeyword AS `metakeyword`, pdf_name AS `pdf_name`, display_printpdf AS `display_printpdf`, display_comments AS `display_comments`, article_id AS `article_id`, articles.secondary_tag AS `secondary_tag`, articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.title AS `articles__title`, articles.description AS `articles__description`, featuredimage AS `featuredimage`, articles.publishon AS `publishon`, articles.posturl AS `posturl`, c.posturl AS `caturl`, c.title AS `catname`, articles.tag_id AS `tag_id`, t.tag AS `tag`, t.relivant AS `tag_relivant`, t.posturl AS `tag_posturl`, t.colorcode AS `tagcolor` FROM articles articles left JOIN categories c ON articles.category_id=c.category_id left JOIN tags t ON articles.tag_id=t.id WHERE (articles.status = 1 AND articles.posturl = 'competition-commission-of-india' AND c.posturl = 'drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions') GROUP BY articles.article_id ORDER BY publishon desc
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 547
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2738 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 258 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.posturl AS `articles__posturl` FROM articles articles WHERE (status = 1 AND category_id = 63 AND article_id > 2962) ORDER BY publishon desc LIMIT 1'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.posturl AS `articles__posturl` FROM articles articles WHERE (status = 1 AND category_id = 63 AND article_id > 2962) ORDER BY publishon desc LIMIT 1
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 560
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2737 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 258 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.posturl AS `articles__posturl` FROM articles articles WHERE (status = 1 AND category_id = 63 AND article_id < 2962) ORDER BY publishon desc LIMIT 1'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT articles.category_id AS `articles__category_id`, articles.posturl AS `articles__posturl` FROM articles articles WHERE (status = 1 AND category_id = 63 AND article_id < 2962) ORDER BY publishon desc LIMIT 1
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 563
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2737 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 139 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT tags.tag AS `tags__tag`, tags.posturl AS `tags__posturl` FROM tags tags WHERE id = 423'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT tags.tag AS `tags__tag`, tags.posturl AS `tags__posturl` FROM tags tags WHERE id = 423
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 593
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2737 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 139 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT tags.tag AS `tags__tag`, tags.posturl AS `tags__posturl` FROM tags tags WHERE id = 302'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT tags.tag AS `tags__tag`, tags.posturl AS `tags__posturl` FROM tags tags WHERE id = 302
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 593
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2737 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=0 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (status = 1 AND parent_id = NULL)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=0 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (status = 1 AND parent_id = NULL)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::articles() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 648
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 2737 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (512) : Unable to emit headers. Headers sent in file=/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php line=850 [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php , line 48 ]Code Context if ( Configure :: read ( 'debug' )) {
trigger_error ( $message , E_USER_WARNING );
} else {
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {
'status' => (int) 200,
'contentType' => 'text/html',
'headers' => [
'Content-Type' => [
[maximum depth reached]
]
],
'file' => null,
'fileRange' => [],
'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
'cacheDirectives' => [],
'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="T8BPOWVB3_clU2T2Wap2B9I4tEthojpBZYEgp2zW7Tk" />
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="bD-m7Y2_Di2uxVRmC5plD1MazH_myGs_z8a4vdmQUv8" />
<link href="https://www.drishtiias.com//favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="icon"/>
<!--[if ie]><meta content='IE=edge,chrome=1' http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible'/><![endif]-->
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/competition-commission-of-india" />
<meta name="robots" content="index,follow">
<meta name="description" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="keywords" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Competition Commission of India" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Competition Commission of India" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.drishtiias.com/drishti/img/drishti_eng_200.png" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/competition-commission-of-india" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Drishti IAS" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.drishtiias.com/drishti/img/drishti_eng_200.png">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="Drishti IAS">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="Drishti IAS">
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-N343FSV');</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<title>Competition Commission of India</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/main.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/custom.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/colorbox.css"/>
<script>var SITEURL='https://www.drishtiias.com/';</script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/fancybox.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/themes/base/jquery-ui.css">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,300,500,700,900" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js' ></script>
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241f118-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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</div>
<h2>Competition Commission of India</h2>
<ul class="actions">
<li class="date">27 Aug 2019</li>
<li class="read">9 min read</li>
</ul>
<div class="tags-new">
<ul>Tags: <li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/GS-paper-3">GS Paper - 3</a></li><li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/statutory-bodies">Statutory Bodies</a></li></ul> </div><!-- #end tags area -->
<p><strong>Competition Commission of India (CCI)</strong> is a <strong>statutory body</strong> of the <strong>Government of India</strong> responsible for enforcing <strong>the Competition Act, 2002,</strong> it was duly constituted in March 2009.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The <strong>Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act)</strong> was repealed and replaced by the <strong>Competition Act, 2002,</strong> on the recommendations of <strong>Raghavan committee</strong>.</li>
<li>Competition Commission of India aims to establish a robust competitive environment.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Through proactive engagement</strong> with all stakeholders, including consumers, industry, government and international jurisdictions.</li>
<li>By being a knowledge intensive organization with high competence level.</li>
<li>Through professionalism, transparency, resolve and wisdom in enforcement.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Competition Act, 2002</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Competition Act was passed in 2002 and has been amended by the <strong>Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007</strong>. It follows the philosophy of modern competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Act <strong>prohibits anti-competitive agreements,</strong> abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and M&A), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.</li>
<li>In accordance with the provisions of the Amendment Act, <strong>the Competition Commission of India</strong> and the <strong>Competition Appellate Tribunal</strong> have been established.</li>
<li>Government replaced Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) with the <strong>National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)</strong> in 2017.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Composition of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Commission consists of one Chairperson and six Members as per the Competition Act who shall be appointed by the Central Government.</li>
<li>The commission is a <strong>quasi-judicial body</strong> which gives opinions to statutory authorities and also deals with other cases. The Chairperson and other Members shall be whole-time Members.</li>
<li><strong>Eligibility of members:</strong> The Chairperson and every other Member shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing and who, has been, or is qualified to be a judge of a High Court, or, has special knowledge of, and professional experience of not less than fifteen years in international trade, economics, business, commerce, law, finance, accountancy, management, industry, public affairs, administration or in any other matter which, in the opinion of the Central Government, may be useful to the Commission.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Functions and Role of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>To eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition,</strong> promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.</li>
<li><strong>To give opinion on competition issues</strong> on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues.</li>
<li>The Competition Commission of India takes the following measures to achieve its <strong>objectives</strong>:
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Consumer welfare:</strong> To make the markets work for the benefit and welfare of consumers.</li>
<li><strong>Ensure fair and healthy competition in economic activities</strong> in the country for faster and inclusive growth and development of the economy.</li>
<li><strong>Implement competition policies</strong> with an aim to effectuate the most efficient utilization of economic resources.</li>
<li>Develop and nurture effective relations and interactions with sectoral regulators to <strong>ensure smooth alignment of sectoral regulatory laws in tandem with the competition law</strong>.</li>
<li><strong>Effectively carry out competition advocacy</strong> and spread the information on benefits of competition among all stakeholders to establish and nurture competition culture in Indian economy.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The Competition Commission is India’s competition regulator, and an <strong>antitrust watchdog</strong> for smaller organizations that are unable to defend themselves against large corporations.</li>
<li>CCI <strong>has the authority to notify organizations</strong> that sell to India if it feels they may be negatively influencing competition in India’s domestic market.</li>
<li>The Competition Act guarantees that no enterprise abuses their <strong>'dominant position'</strong> in a market through the control of supply, manipulating purchase prices, or adopting practices that deny market access to other competing firms.</li>
<li>A foreign company seeking entry into India through an <strong>acquisition or merger</strong> will have to abide by the country’s competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Assets and turnover above a certain monetary value will bring the group under the purview of the Competition Commission of India (CCI).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Judgements of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹63.07 billion (US$910 million) on 11 cement companies for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in June 2012. It claimed that <strong>cement companies</strong> met regularly to fix prices, control market share and hold back supply which earned them illegal profits.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a penalty of ₹522 million (US$7.6 million) on the <strong>Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)</strong> in 2013, for misusing its <strong>dominant position</strong>.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The CCI found that IPL team ownership agreements were unfair and discriminatory and that the terms of the IPL franchise agreements were loaded in favor of BCCI and franchises had no say in the terms of the contract.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹10 million upon <strong>Google</strong> in 2014 for failure to comply with the directions given by the Director General (DG) seeking information and documents.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹258 crores upon Three <strong>Airlines</strong> in 2015.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Competition Commission of India (CCI) had penalized the three airlines for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in determining the <strong>fuel surcharge</strong> on air cargo.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI ordered a probe into the functioning of <strong>Cellular Operators Association of India</strong> (COAI) following a complaint filed by <strong>Reliance Jio</strong> against the <strong>cartelization</strong> by its rivals Bharti Airtel, Vodafone India and Idea cellular.</li>
<li>The commission ordered an <strong>antitrust probe</strong> against <strong>Google</strong> for abusing its dominant position with Android to block market rivals. This probe was ordered on the basis of the analysis of a similar case in the EU where Google was found guilty and fined.</li>
<li>CCI issued letters to handset makers in 2019, seeking details of terms and conditions of their agreement with Google.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This is to ascertain if Google imposed any restrictions on them for using the company's apps in the past 8 years from 2011.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Need of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Promote free enterprise:</strong> Competition laws have been described as the Magna Carta of free enterprise. Competition is important for the preservation of economic freedom and our free enterprise system.</li>
<li><strong>Protect against market distortions: </strong>The need for competition law arises because market can suffer from failures and distortions, and various players can resort to anti- competitive activities such as cartels, abuse of dominance etc. which adversely impact economic efficiency and consumer welfare.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Thus, there is a need for competition law to provide a regulative force which establishes effective control over economic activities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Promotes domestic industries:</strong> During the era in which the economies are moving from closed economies to open economies, an effective competition commission is essential to ensure the continued viability of domestic industries, carefully balanced with attaining the benefits of foreign investment increased competition.</li>
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241f118-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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</div>
<h2>Competition Commission of India</h2>
<ul class="actions">
<li class="date">27 Aug 2019</li>
<li class="read">9 min read</li>
</ul>
<div class="tags-new">
<ul>Tags: <li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/GS-paper-3">GS Paper - 3</a></li><li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/statutory-bodies">Statutory Bodies</a></li></ul> </div><!-- #end tags area -->
<p><strong>Competition Commission of India (CCI)</strong> is a <strong>statutory body</strong> of the <strong>Government of India</strong> responsible for enforcing <strong>the Competition Act, 2002,</strong> it was duly constituted in March 2009.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The <strong>Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act)</strong> was repealed and replaced by the <strong>Competition Act, 2002,</strong> on the recommendations of <strong>Raghavan committee</strong>.</li>
<li>Competition Commission of India aims to establish a robust competitive environment.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Through proactive engagement</strong> with all stakeholders, including consumers, industry, government and international jurisdictions.</li>
<li>By being a knowledge intensive organization with high competence level.</li>
<li>Through professionalism, transparency, resolve and wisdom in enforcement.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Competition Act, 2002</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Competition Act was passed in 2002 and has been amended by the <strong>Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007</strong>. It follows the philosophy of modern competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Act <strong>prohibits anti-competitive agreements,</strong> abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and M&A), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.</li>
<li>In accordance with the provisions of the Amendment Act, <strong>the Competition Commission of India</strong> and the <strong>Competition Appellate Tribunal</strong> have been established.</li>
<li>Government replaced Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) with the <strong>National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)</strong> in 2017.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Composition of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Commission consists of one Chairperson and six Members as per the Competition Act who shall be appointed by the Central Government.</li>
<li>The commission is a <strong>quasi-judicial body</strong> which gives opinions to statutory authorities and also deals with other cases. The Chairperson and other Members shall be whole-time Members.</li>
<li><strong>Eligibility of members:</strong> The Chairperson and every other Member shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing and who, has been, or is qualified to be a judge of a High Court, or, has special knowledge of, and professional experience of not less than fifteen years in international trade, economics, business, commerce, law, finance, accountancy, management, industry, public affairs, administration or in any other matter which, in the opinion of the Central Government, may be useful to the Commission.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Functions and Role of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>To eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition,</strong> promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.</li>
<li><strong>To give opinion on competition issues</strong> on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues.</li>
<li>The Competition Commission of India takes the following measures to achieve its <strong>objectives</strong>:
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Consumer welfare:</strong> To make the markets work for the benefit and welfare of consumers.</li>
<li><strong>Ensure fair and healthy competition in economic activities</strong> in the country for faster and inclusive growth and development of the economy.</li>
<li><strong>Implement competition policies</strong> with an aim to effectuate the most efficient utilization of economic resources.</li>
<li>Develop and nurture effective relations and interactions with sectoral regulators to <strong>ensure smooth alignment of sectoral regulatory laws in tandem with the competition law</strong>.</li>
<li><strong>Effectively carry out competition advocacy</strong> and spread the information on benefits of competition among all stakeholders to establish and nurture competition culture in Indian economy.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The Competition Commission is India’s competition regulator, and an <strong>antitrust watchdog</strong> for smaller organizations that are unable to defend themselves against large corporations.</li>
<li>CCI <strong>has the authority to notify organizations</strong> that sell to India if it feels they may be negatively influencing competition in India’s domestic market.</li>
<li>The Competition Act guarantees that no enterprise abuses their <strong>'dominant position'</strong> in a market through the control of supply, manipulating purchase prices, or adopting practices that deny market access to other competing firms.</li>
<li>A foreign company seeking entry into India through an <strong>acquisition or merger</strong> will have to abide by the country’s competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Assets and turnover above a certain monetary value will bring the group under the purview of the Competition Commission of India (CCI).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Judgements of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹63.07 billion (US$910 million) on 11 cement companies for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in June 2012. It claimed that <strong>cement companies</strong> met regularly to fix prices, control market share and hold back supply which earned them illegal profits.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a penalty of ₹522 million (US$7.6 million) on the <strong>Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)</strong> in 2013, for misusing its <strong>dominant position</strong>.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The CCI found that IPL team ownership agreements were unfair and discriminatory and that the terms of the IPL franchise agreements were loaded in favor of BCCI and franchises had no say in the terms of the contract.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹10 million upon <strong>Google</strong> in 2014 for failure to comply with the directions given by the Director General (DG) seeking information and documents.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹258 crores upon Three <strong>Airlines</strong> in 2015.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Competition Commission of India (CCI) had penalized the three airlines for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in determining the <strong>fuel surcharge</strong> on air cargo.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI ordered a probe into the functioning of <strong>Cellular Operators Association of India</strong> (COAI) following a complaint filed by <strong>Reliance Jio</strong> against the <strong>cartelization</strong> by its rivals Bharti Airtel, Vodafone India and Idea cellular.</li>
<li>The commission ordered an <strong>antitrust probe</strong> against <strong>Google</strong> for abusing its dominant position with Android to block market rivals. This probe was ordered on the basis of the analysis of a similar case in the EU where Google was found guilty and fined.</li>
<li>CCI issued letters to handset makers in 2019, seeking details of terms and conditions of their agreement with Google.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This is to ascertain if Google imposed any restrictions on them for using the company's apps in the past 8 years from 2011.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Need of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Promote free enterprise:</strong> Competition laws have been described as the Magna Carta of free enterprise. Competition is important for the preservation of economic freedom and our free enterprise system.</li>
<li><strong>Protect against market distortions: </strong>The need for competition law arises because market can suffer from failures and distortions, and various players can resort to anti- competitive activities such as cartels, abuse of dominance etc. which adversely impact economic efficiency and consumer welfare.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Thus, there is a need for competition law to provide a regulative force which establishes effective control over economic activities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Promotes domestic industries:</strong> During the era in which the economies are moving from closed economies to open economies, an effective competition commission is essential to ensure the continued viability of domestic industries, carefully balanced with attaining the benefits of foreign investment increased competition.</li>
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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</div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div></div>
<div class="fixbtn bookmark">
<a href="javascript:;" class="btn" title="Bookmark">
</a>
<div class="content">
<p class="message">Please <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/login" class="popup">login</a> or <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/register" class="popup">register</a> to list article as bookmarked</p>
</div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div>
<div class="fixbtn notes default">
<div class="loader"><span> </span></div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="btn" title="Notes">
</a>
<p class="message">Please <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/login" class="popup">login</a> or <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/register" class="popup">register</a> to make your note</p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div><!-- #end notes -->
<div class="fixbtn progress">
<a href="javascript:;" class="btn" title="Progress">
</a>
<div class="content">
<p class="message">Please <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/login" class="popup">login</a> or <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/register" class="popup">register</a> to list article as progressed</p>
</div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div><!-- #end progress -->
<div class="fixbtn bookmark">
<a href="javascript:;" class="btn" title="Bookmark">
</a>
<div class="content">
<p class="message">Please <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/login" class="popup">login</a> or <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/register" class="popup">register</a> to list article as bookmarked</p>
</div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div><!-- #end bookmark -->
<div class="popup-box search-popup">
<div class="search-popup--box">
<form method="post" action="https://www.drishtiias.com/search" name="searchfrm" id="searchfrm">
<input type="text" placeholder="Search what you are looking for:" name="search" id="search">
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
<p> </p>
<button type="submit" class="btn-close" rel="close-popup">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
$('#searchfrm').submit(function(e){
var search=$('#search').val();
location='https://www.drishtiias.com/search/'+search;
e.preventDefault();
});
$(document).ready(function(){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 1100, innerHeight: 530});
if(screen.width < 1199){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 800, innerHeight: 530});
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if(screen.width < 801){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 300, innerHeight: 350});
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$('.youtube').colorbox({ iframe:true, innerWidth:640, innerHeight:390 });
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$('.youtube').colorbox({innerWidth:280, innerHeight:177});
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<div style="background: rgb(1, 150, 255);font-size: 6px;z-index: 999; position: fixed; bottom: 1px; left: 1px;">D2</div>
<script src="/drishti/js/slick.min.js"></script> <script src="/drishti/js/nav.js"></script>
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.colorbox.js"></script> <script src="/drishti/js/custom.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
if(screen.width < 768){
$('.box-toggle .box-slide p.subheading').click(function(){
$(this).toggleClass('open').next().slideToggle();
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}
});
</script>
<script>
var regex = /^([a-zA-Z0-9_.+-])+\@(([a-zA-Z0-9-])+\.)+([a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4})+$/;
var phonex = /^([0-9 ])+$/;
$('#newsletterfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnname=$('#txtnname').val();
var txtnemail=$('#txtnemail').val();
$('#nmsg').html('');
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msg=false;
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$('#txtnname').removeClass('input-error');
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$('#txtnemail').addClass('input-error');
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$('#txtnemail').removeClass('input-error');
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var form=$('#newsletterfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
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data: form,
success: function(data){
if(data=='already'){
$('#nmsg').html('Email address already in use');
}else if(data=='add'){
$('#nmsg').html('Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter.');
$('#txtnname').val('');
$('#txtnemail').val('');
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$('#nmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
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//$('#nloader').hide();
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$('#smsalertfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnmobile=$('#txtnmobile').val();
$('#nmmsg').html('');
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$('#txtnmobile').addClass('input-error');
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$('#txtnmobile').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
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$('#txtnmobile').removeClass('input-error');
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var form=$('#smsalertfrm').serialize();
//$('#nmloader').show();
$.ajax({
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url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/pages/smsalertfrm",
data: form,
success: function(data){
if(data=='already'){
$('#nmmsg').html('Phone number already in use');
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$('#nmmsg').html('Thank you for subscribing to our SMS Alerts.');
$('#txtnmobile').val('');
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$('#nmmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
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$('#subscriptionfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnname=$('#name').val();
var txtnemail=$('#emailaddress').val();
var txtnmobile=$('#phone').val();
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$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('No option selected, please select at least one option.');
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$('.loader').css('display','block');
var form=$('#subscriptionfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
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url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/subscription",
data: form,
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$('.loader').css('display','none');
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$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').removeClass('error');
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$('#emailaddress').val('');
$('#phone').val('');
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$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
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alert(errortype);
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var txtnname=$('#firstname').val();
var txtnemail=$('#emailaddress').val();
var txtnmobile=$('#phonenumber').val();
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msg=false;
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$('.loader').css('display','block');
var form=$('#testseriesfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/test-series-registration",
data: form,
success: function(data){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
//alert(data);
if(data=='success'){
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').removeClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('Thank you for choosing our test series. You will get an email and message soon.');
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$('#lastname').val('');
$('#emailaddress').val('');
$('#phonenumber').val('');
}else{
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html(data);
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
alert(errortype);
//$('#nloader').hide();
}
});
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e.preventDefault();
});
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$('.allnotes').click(function(){
$('.fixbtn.notes').removeClass('open');
$('.fixbtn.mynotes').toggleClass('open');
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var noteid=$(this).attr('data-noteid');
$('#note_id').val(noteid);
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/setnote",
data: 'note_id='+noteid,
success: function(data){
if(data){
tinymce.get("mynote").setContent(data);
$('#mynotemsg').html('');
$('.fixbtn.notes').toggleClass('open');
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alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
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$('.notelink').click(function(){
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/removenote",
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$('#mynotemsg').html('');
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alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
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error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
alert(errortype);
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});
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$('.mynotes,.notelist').on('click','.removenote',function(e){
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{
$('.loader').css('display','block');
var noteid=$(this).attr('data-noteid');
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/deletenote",
data: 'note_id='+noteid,
success: function(data){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
if(data=='removed'){
$('#note-list #'+noteid+',.notelist #'+noteid).css('display','none');
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alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
alert(errortype);
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});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
</script>
<script>
$("#commentfile").change(function(){
$("#file-name").text(this.files[0].name);
});
</script>
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.fancybox.js"></script> <script>
$(".iframe").fancybox();
$('.datepicker').datepicker();
$('.datepicker').datepicker("option","dateFormat","yy-mm-dd");
$('#startdate').val($('#hdstart').val());
$('#enddate').val($('#hdend').val());
$(document).ready(function(){
$('.list-toggle').click(function(){
$('.list-category').toggleClass('active');
$(this).toggleClass('active');
$('.value').text(function(i, text){
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$('aside button.close').click(function(){
$('.list-category').toggleClass('active');
$('.list-toggle').toggleClass('active');
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$('.fixbtn .btn').click(function(){
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$(this).parents('.fixbtn').toggleClass('open');
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$('.fixbtn a.close').click(function(){
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$('.note-btn').click(function(){
$('#mynotemsg').html('');
$('.fixbtn.notes').toggleClass('open');
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$('.viewmore a').click(function(){
$('.hide').slideToggle('active');
$(this).text(function(i, text){
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});
});
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<script>
$('.learning-program .subheading').click(function(){
$(this).next().slideToggle();
$(this).toggleClass('open');
});
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<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$('a.register-btn').colorbox();
});
$('.interview-slider').slick({
autoplay: true,
arrows: false,
dots: true
});
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<script type="text/javascript">
$(".popup").colorbox({iframe: true, innerWidth: 790, innerHeight: 530});
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$('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(".header").offset().top }, 1000);
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$(window).scroll(function() {
var scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
if (scroll >= 500) {
$("#scroll-top").addClass("show");
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$("#scroll-top").removeClass("show");
}
});
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<script>
function showarchive(year,month,day=null){
// alert('important-institutions'); return;
var url='https://www.drishtiias.com/archives'+'/'+year+'-'+month+'-'+day;
location=url;
//alert(url+'/archives/'+year+'/'+month+'/'+dat);
}
</script>
<script id="dsq-count-scr" src="//drishti-english.disqus.com/count.js" ></script>
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</body>
</html>
'
}
$reasonPhrase = 'OK' header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitStatusLine() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 148
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 54
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 106
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 40
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 869 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Warning (2) : Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Error/Debugger.php:850) [CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php , line 177 ]Code Context foreach ( $values as $value ) {
header ( sprintf (
'%s: %s' ,
$response = object(Cake\Http\Response) {
'status' => (int) 200,
'contentType' => 'text/html',
'headers' => [
'Content-Type' => [
[maximum depth reached]
]
],
'file' => null,
'fileRange' => [],
'cookies' => object(Cake\Http\Cookie\CookieCollection) {},
'cacheDirectives' => [],
'body' => '<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/competition-commission-of-india" />
<meta name="robots" content="index,follow">
<meta name="description" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="keywords" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Competition Commission of India" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Competition Commission of India" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.drishtiias.com/drishti/img/drishti_eng_200.png" />
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<meta property="og:site_name" content="Drishti IAS" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Competition Commission of India">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.drishtiias.com/drishti/img/drishti_eng_200.png">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="Drishti IAS">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="Drishti IAS">
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<title>Competition Commission of India</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/main.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/custom.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/colorbox.css"/>
<script>var SITEURL='https://www.drishtiias.com/';</script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/drishti/css/fancybox.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/themes/base/jquery-ui.css">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,300,500,700,900" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js' ></script>
<script src="https://www.drishtiias.com/webroot/admin/js/tinymce/js/tinymce/tinymce.min.js" ></script>
<script src="https://www.drishtiias.com/webroot/admin/js/tinymce/js/tinymce/jquery.tinymce.min.js" ></script>
<script src="https://www.drishtiias.com/webroot/admin/js/jquery.nicescroll.js" ></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/jquery-ui.js" ></script>
<script>
$( function() {
$("#accordion").accordion({ heightStyle: "content" });
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],
paste_preprocess : function(pl, o) {
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},
});
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})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-44746876-2', 'drishtiias.com');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
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<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#searchlink').on('click',function(){
$('.search-popup').find('input[type="text"]').focus();
});
});
</script>
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<script>
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twq('init','o140x');
twq('track','PageView');
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<link href="//cdn-images.mailchimp.com/embedcode/horizontal-slim-10_7.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<style type="text/css">
#mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; width:100%;}
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<script type="text/javascript" src="//script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0084/3729.js" async="async"></script>
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241df3d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241df3d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241e47a-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241e47a-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241ebda-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241ebda-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241f118-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241f118-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241f118-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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</div>
<h2>Competition Commission of India</h2>
<ul class="actions">
<li class="date">27 Aug 2019</li>
<li class="read">9 min read</li>
</ul>
<div class="tags-new">
<ul>Tags: <li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/GS-paper-3">GS Paper - 3</a></li><li><a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/tags/statutory-bodies">Statutory Bodies</a></li></ul> </div><!-- #end tags area -->
<p><strong>Competition Commission of India (CCI)</strong> is a <strong>statutory body</strong> of the <strong>Government of India</strong> responsible for enforcing <strong>the Competition Act, 2002,</strong> it was duly constituted in March 2009.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The <strong>Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act)</strong> was repealed and replaced by the <strong>Competition Act, 2002,</strong> on the recommendations of <strong>Raghavan committee</strong>.</li>
<li>Competition Commission of India aims to establish a robust competitive environment.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Through proactive engagement</strong> with all stakeholders, including consumers, industry, government and international jurisdictions.</li>
<li>By being a knowledge intensive organization with high competence level.</li>
<li>Through professionalism, transparency, resolve and wisdom in enforcement.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Competition Act, 2002</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Competition Act was passed in 2002 and has been amended by the <strong>Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007</strong>. It follows the philosophy of modern competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Act <strong>prohibits anti-competitive agreements,</strong> abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and M&A), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.</li>
<li>In accordance with the provisions of the Amendment Act, <strong>the Competition Commission of India</strong> and the <strong>Competition Appellate Tribunal</strong> have been established.</li>
<li>Government replaced Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) with the <strong>National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT)</strong> in 2017.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Composition of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Commission consists of one Chairperson and six Members as per the Competition Act who shall be appointed by the Central Government.</li>
<li>The commission is a <strong>quasi-judicial body</strong> which gives opinions to statutory authorities and also deals with other cases. The Chairperson and other Members shall be whole-time Members.</li>
<li><strong>Eligibility of members:</strong> The Chairperson and every other Member shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing and who, has been, or is qualified to be a judge of a High Court, or, has special knowledge of, and professional experience of not less than fifteen years in international trade, economics, business, commerce, law, finance, accountancy, management, industry, public affairs, administration or in any other matter which, in the opinion of the Central Government, may be useful to the Commission.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Functions and Role of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>To eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition,</strong> promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.</li>
<li><strong>To give opinion on competition issues</strong> on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues.</li>
<li>The Competition Commission of India takes the following measures to achieve its <strong>objectives</strong>:
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Consumer welfare:</strong> To make the markets work for the benefit and welfare of consumers.</li>
<li><strong>Ensure fair and healthy competition in economic activities</strong> in the country for faster and inclusive growth and development of the economy.</li>
<li><strong>Implement competition policies</strong> with an aim to effectuate the most efficient utilization of economic resources.</li>
<li>Develop and nurture effective relations and interactions with sectoral regulators to <strong>ensure smooth alignment of sectoral regulatory laws in tandem with the competition law</strong>.</li>
<li><strong>Effectively carry out competition advocacy</strong> and spread the information on benefits of competition among all stakeholders to establish and nurture competition culture in Indian economy.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The Competition Commission is India’s competition regulator, and an <strong>antitrust watchdog</strong> for smaller organizations that are unable to defend themselves against large corporations.</li>
<li>CCI <strong>has the authority to notify organizations</strong> that sell to India if it feels they may be negatively influencing competition in India’s domestic market.</li>
<li>The Competition Act guarantees that no enterprise abuses their <strong>'dominant position'</strong> in a market through the control of supply, manipulating purchase prices, or adopting practices that deny market access to other competing firms.</li>
<li>A foreign company seeking entry into India through an <strong>acquisition or merger</strong> will have to abide by the country’s competition laws.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Assets and turnover above a certain monetary value will bring the group under the purview of the Competition Commission of India (CCI).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Judgements of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹63.07 billion (US$910 million) on 11 cement companies for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in June 2012. It claimed that <strong>cement companies</strong> met regularly to fix prices, control market share and hold back supply which earned them illegal profits.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a penalty of ₹522 million (US$7.6 million) on the <strong>Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)</strong> in 2013, for misusing its <strong>dominant position</strong>.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The CCI found that IPL team ownership agreements were unfair and discriminatory and that the terms of the IPL franchise agreements were loaded in favor of BCCI and franchises had no say in the terms of the contract.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹10 million upon <strong>Google</strong> in 2014 for failure to comply with the directions given by the Director General (DG) seeking information and documents.</li>
<li>CCI imposed a fine of ₹258 crores upon Three <strong>Airlines</strong> in 2015.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Competition Commission of India (CCI) had penalized the three airlines for <strong>cartelisation</strong> in determining the <strong>fuel surcharge</strong> on air cargo.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>CCI ordered a probe into the functioning of <strong>Cellular Operators Association of India</strong> (COAI) following a complaint filed by <strong>Reliance Jio</strong> against the <strong>cartelization</strong> by its rivals Bharti Airtel, Vodafone India and Idea cellular.</li>
<li>The commission ordered an <strong>antitrust probe</strong> against <strong>Google</strong> for abusing its dominant position with Android to block market rivals. This probe was ordered on the basis of the analysis of a similar case in the EU where Google was found guilty and fined.</li>
<li>CCI issued letters to handset makers in 2019, seeking details of terms and conditions of their agreement with Google.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This is to ascertain if Google imposed any restrictions on them for using the company's apps in the past 8 years from 2011.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Need of CCI</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Promote free enterprise:</strong> Competition laws have been described as the Magna Carta of free enterprise. Competition is important for the preservation of economic freedom and our free enterprise system.</li>
<li><strong>Protect against market distortions: </strong>The need for competition law arises because market can suffer from failures and distortions, and various players can resort to anti- competitive activities such as cartels, abuse of dominance etc. which adversely impact economic efficiency and consumer welfare.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Thus, there is a need for competition law to provide a regulative force which establishes effective control over economic activities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Promotes domestic industries:</strong> During the era in which the economies are moving from closed economies to open economies, an effective competition commission is essential to ensure the continued viability of domestic industries, carefully balanced with attaining the benefits of foreign investment increased competition.</li>
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<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c241fc87-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c241fc87-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24201a6-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24201a6-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/law-commission-of-india-1" class="prev">Prev</a> <pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c24208ea-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c24208ea-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
<pre class="cake-error"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none');"><b>Warning</b> (2)</a>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [<b>CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b>, line <b>133</b>]<div id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-trace" class="cake-stack-trace" style="display: none;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Code</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display = (document.getElementById('cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context').style.display == 'none' ? '' : 'none')">Context</a><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-code" class="cake-code-dump" style="display: none;"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">if (!</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$mask</span><span style="color: #007700">) {</span></span></code>
<span class="code-highlight"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">return </span><span style="color: #0000BB">file_put_contents</span><span style="color: #007700">(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">$pathname</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">$output</span><span style="color: #007700">, </span><span style="color: #0000BB">FILE_APPEND</span><span style="color: #007700">);</span></span></code></span>
<code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB"> </span><span style="color: #007700">}</span></span></code></pre><pre id="cakeErr60034c2420e1d-context" class="cake-context" style="display: none;">$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null</pre><pre class="stack-trace">file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119</pre></div></pre><br />
<b>Warning</b>: file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in <b>/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php</b> on line <b>133</b><br />
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<p class="message">Please <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/login" class="popup">login</a> or <a href="https://www.drishtiias.com/register" class="popup">register</a> to list article as bookmarked</p>
</div>
<a href="javascript:;" class="close">close</a>
</div><!-- #end bookmark -->
<div class="popup-box search-popup">
<div class="search-popup--box">
<form method="post" action="https://www.drishtiias.com/search" name="searchfrm" id="searchfrm">
<input type="text" placeholder="Search what you are looking for:" name="search" id="search">
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
<p> </p>
<button type="submit" class="btn-close" rel="close-popup">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
<script>
$('#searchfrm').submit(function(e){
var search=$('#search').val();
location='https://www.drishtiias.com/search/'+search;
e.preventDefault();
});
$(document).ready(function(){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 1100, innerHeight: 530});
if(screen.width < 1199){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 800, innerHeight: 530});
}
if(screen.width < 801){
$('.comin-soon').colorbox({innerWidth: 300, innerHeight: 350});
}
$('.youtube').colorbox({ iframe:true, innerWidth:640, innerHeight:390 });
if(screen.width < 768){
$('.youtube').colorbox({innerWidth:280, innerHeight:177});
}
});
</script>
<div style="background: rgb(1, 150, 255);font-size: 6px;z-index: 999; position: fixed; bottom: 1px; left: 1px;">D2</div>
<script src="/drishti/js/slick.min.js"></script> <script src="/drishti/js/nav.js"></script>
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.colorbox.js"></script> <script src="/drishti/js/custom.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
if(screen.width < 768){
$('.box-toggle .box-slide p.subheading').click(function(){
$(this).toggleClass('open').next().slideToggle();
});
}
});
</script>
<script>
var regex = /^([a-zA-Z0-9_.+-])+\@(([a-zA-Z0-9-])+\.)+([a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4})+$/;
var phonex = /^([0-9 ])+$/;
$('#newsletterfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnname=$('#txtnname').val();
var txtnemail=$('#txtnemail').val();
$('#nmsg').html('');
//$('.input-error').remove();
if(txtnname.trim()==''){
$('#txtnname').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#txtnname').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(txtnemail.trim()==''){
$('#txtnemail').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!regex.test(txtnemail)){
$('#txtnemail').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#txtnemail').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(msg){
var form=$('#newsletterfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/pages/newsletterfrm",
data: form,
success: function(data){
if(data=='already'){
$('#nmsg').html('Email address already in use');
}else if(data=='add'){
$('#nmsg').html('Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter.');
$('#txtnname').val('');
$('#txtnemail').val('');
}else{
$('#nmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
//$('#nloader').hide();
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
alert(errortype);
//$('#nloader').hide();
}
});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
$('#smsalertfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnmobile=$('#txtnmobile').val();
$('#nmmsg').html('');
//$('.input-error').remove();
if(txtnmobile.trim()==''){
$('#txtnmobile').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(txtnmobile.trim().length!=10){
$('#txtnmobile').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!phonex.test(txtnmobile)){
$('#txtnmobile').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#txtnmobile').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(msg){
var form=$('#smsalertfrm').serialize();
//$('#nmloader').show();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/pages/smsalertfrm",
data: form,
success: function(data){
if(data=='already'){
$('#nmmsg').html('Phone number already in use');
}else if(data=='add'){
$('#nmmsg').html('Thank you for subscribing to our SMS Alerts.');
$('#txtnmobile').val('');
}else{
$('#nmmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
//$('#nmloader').hide();
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
alert(errortype);
//$('#nmloader').hide();
}
});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
$('#subscriptionfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnname=$('#name').val();
var txtnemail=$('#emailaddress').val();
var txtnmobile=$('#phone').val();
$('#contactmsg').html('');
//$('.input-error').remove();
if(txtnname.trim()==''){
$('#name').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#name').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(txtnemail.trim()==''){
$('#emailaddress').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!regex.test(txtnemail)){
$('#emailaddress').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#emailaddress').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(txtnmobile.trim()==''){
$('#phone').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(txtnmobile.trim().length!=10){
$('#phone').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!phonex.test(txtnmobile)){
$('#phone').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#phone').removeClass('input-error');
}
if($('#dailyupdates').prop("checked") == false && $('#examnewsletter').prop("checked") == false && $('#fullnewsletter').prop("checked") == false && $('#sms').prop("checked") == false)
{
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('No option selected, please select at least one option.');
msg=false;
}
if(msg){
$('.loader').css('display','block');
var form=$('#subscriptionfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/subscription",
data: form,
success: function(data){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
if(data=='success'){
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').removeClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('Thank you for subscribing to our subscription. You will hear from us soon.');
$('#name').val('');
$('#emailaddress').val('');
$('#phone').val('');
}else{
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
alert(errortype);
//$('#nloader').hide();
}
});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
$('#testseriesfrm').submit(function(e){
var msg=true;
var txtnname=$('#firstname').val();
var txtnemail=$('#emailaddress').val();
var txtnmobile=$('#phonenumber').val();
$('#contactmsg').html('');
//$('.input-error').remove();
if(txtnname.trim()==''){
$('#firstname').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#firstname').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(txtnemail.trim()==''){
$('#emailaddress').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!regex.test(txtnemail)){
$('#emailaddress').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#emailaddress').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(txtnmobile.trim()==''){
$('#phonenumber').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(txtnmobile.trim().length!=10){
$('#phonenumber').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else if(!phonex.test(txtnmobile)){
$('#phonenumber').addClass('input-error');
msg=false;
}else{
$('#phonenumber').removeClass('input-error');
}
if(msg){
$('.loader').css('display','block');
var form=$('#testseriesfrm').serialize();
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/test-series-registration",
data: form,
success: function(data){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
//alert(data);
if(data=='success'){
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').removeClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html('Thank you for choosing our test series. You will get an email and message soon.');
$('#firstname').val('');
$('#lastname').val('');
$('#emailaddress').val('');
$('#phonenumber').val('');
}else{
$('#contactmsg').css('display','block');
$('#contactmsg').addClass('error');
$('#contactmsg').html(data);
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
alert(errortype);
//$('#nloader').hide();
}
});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$('.allnotes').click(function(){
$('.fixbtn.notes').removeClass('open');
$('.fixbtn.mynotes').toggleClass('open');
});
$('.mynotes,.notelist').on('click','.readmore',function(){
var noteid=$(this).attr('data-noteid');
$('#note_id').val(noteid);
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/setnote",
data: 'note_id='+noteid,
success: function(data){
if(data){
tinymce.get("mynote").setContent(data);
$('#mynotemsg').html('');
$('.fixbtn.notes').toggleClass('open');
}else{
alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
alert(errortype);
}
});
});
$('.notelink').click(function(){
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/removenote",
success: function(data){
if(data=='removed'){
$('#note_id').val('');
tinymce.get("mynote").setContent('');
$('#mynotemsg').html('');
$('.fixbtn.notes').toggleClass('open');
$('.fixbtn.mynotes').removeClass('open');
}else{
alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
alert(errortype);
}
});
});
$('.mynotes,.notelist').on('click','.removenote',function(e){
if(confirm('Are you sure want to remove note?'))
{
$('.loader').css('display','block');
var noteid=$(this).attr('data-noteid');
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "https://www.drishtiias.com/articles/deletenote",
data: 'note_id='+noteid,
success: function(data){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
if(data=='removed'){
$('#note-list #'+noteid+',.notelist #'+noteid).css('display','none');
}else{
alert('Oops! something went wrong, Please try again');
}
},
error: function(error,errortype,errorstatus){
$('.loader').css('display','none');
alert(errortype);
}
});
}
e.preventDefault();
});
</script>
<script>
$("#commentfile").change(function(){
$("#file-name").text(this.files[0].name);
});
</script>
<script src="/drishti/js/jquery.fancybox.js"></script> <script>
$(".iframe").fancybox();
$('.datepicker').datepicker();
$('.datepicker').datepicker("option","dateFormat","yy-mm-dd");
$('#startdate').val($('#hdstart').val());
$('#enddate').val($('#hdend').val());
$(document).ready(function(){
$('.list-toggle').click(function(){
$('.list-category').toggleClass('active');
$(this).toggleClass('active');
$('.value').text(function(i, text){
return text === "Hide Menu" ? "Show Menu" : "Hide Menu";
});
});
$('aside button.close').click(function(){
$('.list-category').toggleClass('active');
$('.list-toggle').toggleClass('active');
});
$('.fixbtn .btn').click(function(){
$('.fixbtn .btn').not(this).parents('.fixbtn').removeClass('open');
$(this).parents('.fixbtn').toggleClass('open');
});
$('.fixbtn a.close').click(function(){
$(this).parents('.fixbtn').removeClass('open');
});
$('.note-btn').click(function(){
$('#mynotemsg').html('');
$('.fixbtn.notes').toggleClass('open');
});
$('.viewmore a').click(function(){
$('.hide').slideToggle('active');
$(this).text(function(i, text){
return text === "View More" ? "View Less" : "View More";
});
});
});
</script>
<script>
$('.learning-program .subheading').click(function(){
$(this).next().slideToggle();
$(this).toggleClass('open');
});
</script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$('a.register-btn').colorbox();
});
$('.interview-slider').slick({
autoplay: true,
arrows: false,
dots: true
});
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(".popup").colorbox({iframe: true, innerWidth: 790, innerHeight: 530});
if(screen.width < 980){
$(".popup").colorbox({innerWidth: 720, innerHeight: 530});
}
if(screen.width < 768){
$(".popup").colorbox({innerWidth: 420, innerHeight: 530});
}
if(screen.width < 480){
$(".popup").colorbox({innerWidth: 280, innerHeight: 440});
}
$("#scroll-top").click(function(){
$('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: $(".header").offset().top }, 1000);
});
$(window).scroll(function() {
var scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
if (scroll >= 500) {
$("#scroll-top").addClass("show");
} else {
$("#scroll-top").removeClass("show");
}
});
</script>
<script>
function showarchive(year,month,day=null){
// alert('important-institutions'); return;
var url='https://www.drishtiias.com/archives'+'/'+year+'-'+month+'-'+day;
location=url;
//alert(url+'/archives/'+year+'/'+month+'/'+dat);
}
</script>
<script id="dsq-count-scr" src="//drishti-english.disqus.com/count.js" ></script>
<!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TVRNL2J"
height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
</body>
</html>
'
}
$cookies = []
$values = [
(int) 0 => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8'
]
$name = 'Content-Type'
$first = true
$value = 'text/html; charset=UTF-8' header - [internal], line ??
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emitHeaders() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 177
Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter::emit() - CORE/src/Http/ResponseEmitter.php, line 55
Cake\Http\Server::emit() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 106
[main] - ROOT/webroot/index.php, line 40
Warning : file_put_contents() [function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 866 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in /var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line 133
Competition Commission of India
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [
function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line
133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Warning : file_put_contents() [
function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3521 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line
133
Prev Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
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function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3419 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line
133
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return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
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133
Next
Competition Commission of India
Competition Commission of India (CCI) is a statutory body of the Government of India responsible for enforcing the Competition Act, 2002, it was duly constituted in March 2009.
The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 (MRTP Act) was repealed and replaced by the Competition Act, 2002, on the recommendations of Raghavan committee .
Competition Commission of India aims to establish a robust competitive environment.
Through proactive engagement with all stakeholders, including consumers, industry, government and international jurisdictions.
By being a knowledge intensive organization with high competence level.
Through professionalism, transparency, resolve and wisdom in enforcement.
Competition Act, 2002
The Competition Act was passed in 2002 and has been amended by the Competition (Amendment) Act, 2007 . It follows the philosophy of modern competition laws.
The Act prohibits anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position by enterprises and regulates combinations (acquisition, acquiring of control and M&A), which causes or likely to cause an appreciable adverse effect on competition within India.
In accordance with the provisions of the Amendment Act, the Competition Commission of India and the Competition Appellate Tribunal have been established.
Government replaced Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) with the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) in 2017.
Composition of CCI
The Commission consists of one Chairperson and six Members as per the Competition Act who shall be appointed by the Central Government.
The commission is a quasi-judicial body which gives opinions to statutory authorities and also deals with other cases. The Chairperson and other Members shall be whole-time Members.
Eligibility of members: The Chairperson and every other Member shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing and who, has been, or is qualified to be a judge of a High Court, or, has special knowledge of, and professional experience of not less than fifteen years in international trade, economics, business, commerce, law, finance, accountancy, management, industry, public affairs, administration or in any other matter which, in the opinion of the Central Government, may be useful to the Commission.
Functions and Role of CCI
To eliminate practices having adverse effect on competition, promote and sustain competition, protect the interests of consumers and ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India.
To give opinion on competition issues on a reference received from a statutory authority established under any law and to undertake competition advocacy, create public awareness and impart training on competition issues.
The Competition Commission of India takes the following measures to achieve its objectives :
Consumer welfare: To make the markets work for the benefit and welfare of consumers.
Ensure fair and healthy competition in economic activities in the country for faster and inclusive growth and development of the economy.
Implement competition policies with an aim to effectuate the most efficient utilization of economic resources.
Develop and nurture effective relations and interactions with sectoral regulators to ensure smooth alignment of sectoral regulatory laws in tandem with the competition law .
Effectively carry out competition advocacy and spread the information on benefits of competition among all stakeholders to establish and nurture competition culture in Indian economy.
The Competition Commission is India’s competition regulator, and an antitrust watchdog for smaller organizations that are unable to defend themselves against large corporations.
CCI has the authority to notify organizations that sell to India if it feels they may be negatively influencing competition in India’s domestic market.
The Competition Act guarantees that no enterprise abuses their 'dominant position' in a market through the control of supply, manipulating purchase prices, or adopting practices that deny market access to other competing firms.
A foreign company seeking entry into India through an acquisition or merger will have to abide by the country’s competition laws.
Assets and turnover above a certain monetary value will bring the group under the purview of the Competition Commission of India (CCI).
Judgements of CCI
CCI imposed a fine of ₹63.07 billion (US$910 million) on 11 cement companies for cartelisation in June 2012. It claimed that cement companies met regularly to fix prices, control market share and hold back supply which earned them illegal profits.
CCI imposed a penalty of ₹522 million (US$7.6 million) on the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2013, for misusing its dominant position .
The CCI found that IPL team ownership agreements were unfair and discriminatory and that the terms of the IPL franchise agreements were loaded in favor of BCCI and franchises had no say in the terms of the contract.
CCI imposed a fine of ₹10 million upon Google in 2014 for failure to comply with the directions given by the Director General (DG) seeking information and documents.
CCI imposed a fine of ₹258 crores upon Three Airlines in 2015.
Competition Commission of India (CCI) had penalized the three airlines for cartelisation in determining the fuel surcharge on air cargo.
CCI ordered a probe into the functioning of Cellular Operators Association of India (COAI) following a complaint filed by Reliance Jio against the cartelization by its rivals Bharti Airtel, Vodafone India and Idea cellular.
The commission ordered an antitrust probe against Google for abusing its dominant position with Android to block market rivals. This probe was ordered on the basis of the analysis of a similar case in the EU where Google was found guilty and fined.
CCI issued letters to handset makers in 2019, seeking details of terms and conditions of their agreement with Google.
This is to ascertain if Google imposed any restrictions on them for using the company's apps in the past 8 years from 2011.
Need of CCI
Promote free enterprise: Competition laws have been described as the Magna Carta of free enterprise. Competition is important for the preservation of economic freedom and our free enterprise system.
Protect against market distortions: The need for competition law arises because market can suffer from failures and distortions, and various players can resort to anti- competitive activities such as cartels, abuse of dominance etc. which adversely impact economic efficiency and consumer welfare.
Thus, there is a need for competition law to provide a regulative force which establishes effective control over economic activities.
Promotes domestic industries: During the era in which the economies are moving from closed economies to open economies, an effective competition commission is essential to ensure the continued viability of domestic industries, carefully balanced with attaining the benefits of foreign investment increased competition.
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$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
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function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
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$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Warning : file_put_contents() [
function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line
133
Prev Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
}
$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 63 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 698
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Warning : file_put_contents() [
function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3420 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
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133
Warning (2) : file_put_contents() [<a href='https://secure.php.net/function.file-put-contents'>function.file-put-contents</a>]: Only -1 of 835 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space [CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php , line 133 ]Code Context if (! $mask ) {
return file_put_contents ( $pathname , $output , FILE_APPEND );
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$level = 'debug'
$message = 'duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)'
$context = [
'scope' => [
(int) 0 => 'queriesLog'
]
]
$output = '2021-01-16 20:27:16 Debug: duration=0 rows=1 SELECT categories.category_id AS `categories__category_id`, categories.title AS `categories__title`, categories.description AS `categories__description`, categories.type AS `categories__type`, categories.parent_id AS `categories__parent_id`, categories.sortorder AS `categories__sortorder`, categories.posturl AS `categories__posturl`, categories.status AS `categories__status`, categories.metatitle AS `categories__metatitle`, categories.metakeyword AS `categories__metakeyword`, categories.metadescription AS `categories__metadescription`, categories.addedby AS `categories__addedby`, categories.updatedby AS `categories__updatedby`, categories.added AS `categories__added`, categories.modified AS `categories__modified` FROM categories categories WHERE (category_id = 56 AND status = 1)
'
$filename = 'queries.log'
$pathname = '/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/logs/queries.log'
$mask = null file_put_contents - [internal], line ??
Cake\Log\Engine\FileLog::log() - CORE/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php, line 133
Cake\Log\Log::write() - CORE/src/Log/Log.php, line 384
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 51
Cake\Database\Log\QueryLogger::log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/QueryLogger.php, line 39
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::_log() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 84
Cake\Database\Log\LoggingStatement::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Log/LoggingStatement.php, line 65
Cake\Database\Connection::run() - CORE/src/Database/Connection.php, line 315
Cake\Database\Query::execute() - CORE/src/Database/Query.php, line 214
Cake\ORM\Query::_execute() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 1039
Cake\ORM\Query::_all() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 287
Cake\ORM\Query::all() - CORE/src/ORM/Query.php, line 987
Cake\ORM\Query::toArray() - CORE/src/Datasource/QueryTrait.php, line 304
App\Controller\ArticlesController::parentcategory() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 689
App\Controller\ArticlesController::categorylist() - APP/Controller/ArticlesController.php, line 703
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
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function.file-put-contents ]: Only -1 of 3522 bytes written, possibly out of free disk space in
/var/www/drishtiias.com/public_html/vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Log/Engine/FileLog.php on line
133
Next
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