State PCS - Madhya Pradesh (MP PCS)

• 22 Jul 2025

Madhya Pradesh Ranks 3rd in India in Flower Production

Why in News? 

Madhya Pradesh has gained a strong foothold in India's floriculture sector, becoming the third-largest flower producer in the country.  

Key Points 

About Key Developments in MP’s Floriculture Sector 

• Rising Area and Production: In 2024–25, Madhya Pradesh cultivated 42,978 hectares of flowers, producing 5.12 lakh metric tonnes of flowers, a record figure. 
  • The area under flower cultivation increased from 37,647 hectares in 2021–22 to 42,976 hectares, with production rising by 86,294 tonnes. 
• Productivity: Madhya Pradesh's per hectare flower productivity stands at 15.01 metric tonnes, a remarkable achievement in the floriculture industry. 
• Key Flowers and Varieties: 
  • Primary Flowers: Marigold, rose, chrysanthemum, gladiolus, tuberose, and medicinal flowers like isabgol, ashwagandha, and safed musli. 
    • Marigold: Covers the largest area, grown on 24,214 hectares. 
    • Rose: Grown over 4,502 hectares. 
    • Other Varieties: Chrysanthemum (1,709 ha), gladiolus (1,058 ha), tuberose (263 ha), and other varieties on 11,227 hectares. 
• Government Initiatives and Investments: Both the state and central governments are promoting floriculture through various schemes, aiming to double farmer incomes and make agriculture profitable. 
  • Farmers, even with small landholdings (1–3 acres), are benefiting from floriculture. 
    • The state’s Horticulture and Food Processing Department is consistently working to improve flower quality and boost marketing initiatives. 
    • In 2024–25, flower cultivation saw an expansion of 5,329 hectares, with government initiatives facilitating over 33% of this growth.  
  • Initiatives such as technical training and high-tech nurseries are playing a crucial role in the sector’s expansion. 
    • A ₹13 crore, centrally supported hi-tech floriculture nursery is being developed in Gwalior to further enhance the sector. 
• Market Expansion: 
  • Domestic Demand: Madhya Pradesh-grown flowers are in high demand across metro cities like Jaipur, Delhi, and Mumbai. 
  • International Reach: Roses from Guna district are now reaching global markets, including Paris and London. 
• Significance: With favorable climate, improved irrigation, and expanding government support, Madhya Pradesh is set to become a national leader in floriculture, driving rural economic development and contributing significantly to India's agricultural growth. 

About Floriculture Sector 

• About: 
  • The government of India has identified floriculture as a sunrise industry and accorded it 100% export-oriented status.  
    • A sunrise industry is a new and rapidly growing sector or business that is in its infancy stage and shows strong potential for rapid expansion and significant economic impact in the future. 
  • It has been found that commercial floriculture has higher potential per unit area than most field crops and is, therefore, a lucrative business.  
  • The liberalized economy has given an impetus to the Indian entrepreneurs for establishing export-oriented floriculture units under controlled climatic conditions. 
  • Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) is responsible for export promotion and development of floriculture in India. 
• Varieties: 
  • These mainly consist of cut flowers, pot plants, cut foliage, seeds, bulbs, tubers, rooted cuttings, and dried flowers or leaves.  
  • The important floricultural crops in the international cut flower trade are Rose, Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Gargera, Gladiolus, Gypsophila, Liatris, Nerine, Orchids, Archilea, Anthurium, Tulip, and Lilies.  
  • Floriculture crops like Gerberas, Carnations, etc., are grown in greenhouses.  
  • The open field crops are Chrysanthemum, Roses, Gaillardia, Lily Marygold, Aster, Tuberose, etc. 
• Areas of Cultivation: 
  • Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, and Maharashtra have emerged as major floriculture centers. 
• India Facts and Figures: 
  • As per the economic survey 2024-25, during 2023-24, approximately 297,000 hectares were dedicated to floriculture, yielding an estimated 22,84,000 tonnes of loose flowers and 947,000 tonnes of cut flowers. 
  • During the same period, India exported 19,678 metric tonnes of floriculture products, earning ₹717.83 crore. 
• Major Export Destinations (2023-24):  
  • Key export destinations included the USA, Netherlands, UAE, UK, Canada, and Malaysia.