.jpg)
.png)
.jpg)
PCS ParikshanUttar Pradesh Switch to Hindi
NGT Orders Restoration of Suav as River in UP
Why in News?
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has directed the Uttar Pradesh government to correct the official classification of the Suav from a drain/nullah to a river in revenue records and gazette notifications.
Key Points:
- Classification: The NGT ordered the Balrampur district magistrate to amend official records within three months, restoring the Suav’s legal status as a river instead of a drain, and to publish the correction in the Official Gazette and local newspapers.
- The tribunal barred new construction or infrastructure in identified floodplain areas of the Suav until the active flood zone is properly demarcated.
- Importance: The Suav is a tributary of the Rapti River in Balrampur district.
- It plays a vital role in flood mitigation and groundwater recharge by nourishing wetlands, lakes and ponds along its approximately 120 km course before joining the Rapti, itself part of the Ganga basin.
- Identity: The tribunal referred to early twentieth-century gazetteers that described the Suav as a significant tributary, noting that decades of land reclamation, encroachments and development led to its misclassification as a nullah.
- Monitoring: The NGT asked pollution control authorities to monitor water quality, including treated sewage and industrial effluents, and directed District Ganga Committees to adopt community-led river rejuvenation models to restore the Suav’s ecology.
- Legal Consequences: The tribunal warned that non-compliance with its orders would be an offence under Section 26 of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.
| Read More: National Green Tribunal (NGT), Ganga basin |
National Current Affairs Switch to Hindi
Iran Appointed Ayatollah Alireza Arafi as Interim Supreme Leader
Why in News?
Following the reported death of Ali Khamenei in a joint United States-Israeli airstrike, the Islamic Republic of Iran has appointed Ayatollah Alireza Arafi as a key member of the interim Leadership Council, effectively positioning him as the acting Supreme Leader during the transitional period.
Key Points:
- Leadership Council: Under Article 111 of the Iranian Constitution, a three-member interim body now governs the Islamic Republic.
- It includes Arafi alongside the President and the Chief Justice, ensuring continuity of authority amid the unprecedented leadership vacuum.
- Role and Authority: The interim Leadership Council assumes the constitutional duties of the Supreme Leader until a permanent successor is chosen by the Assembly of Experts.
- The Supreme Leader in Iran is the highest authority, overseeing the armed forces, judiciary, state broadcasting, and key policy decisions.
- Background of Arafi: He is a senior Shia cleric and has held key positions in Iran’s religious establishment, including membership in both the Guardian Council and the Assembly of Experts.
- He has also led major seminaries in Qom.
- Qom is Iran’s principal centre of Shia Islamic scholarship, and Arafi’s association with its seminaries strengthens his clerical standing.
- Continuity of Governance: The interim council ensures that executive, military, and judicial authority remains uninterrupted during the transition period.
- Significance: Alireza Arafi’s appointment to the interim leadership council is a key moment in Iran’s political transition, highlighting constitutional procedures for leadership succession amid heightened regional tensions.
| Read More: Iran-Israel Conflict |
