Transformative Reforms for Viksit Bharat@2047

• 19 Aug 2025

Source: BT 

Why in News?  

As India prepares to celebrate its 100th year of Independence in 2047, the Viksit Bharat@2047 vision aspires to transform the nation into a developed economy of USD 30 trillion, powered by transformative reforms across all sectors. 

What Reforms are Imperative for India to Realise the Vision of Viksit Bharat@2047? 

Governance & Bureaucracy Reforms  

• Mnemonic: CIVIC. 
• C – Cut the Compliance Burden: India faces 69,000+ compliances under 1,500+ laws. Outdated processes persist, making a digital, faceless system vital for deregulation. 
  • Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) helps evaluate if policies work on the ground, improves decision-making, and prevents regulatory failures. 
• I – Institutions for Accountability: Modernise bureaucracy with lateral entry and an independent Civil Services Board to oversee appointments and transfers, reducing political interference. 
  • Strengthen judiciary with more judges, faster trials to curb 'Tareek pe Tareek issue' and tech-enabled contract enforcement. 
• V – Voter & Electoral Reforms:Focus on voter education to empower citizens against misinformation and manipulation.  
  • Also, electoral funding transparency must be enhanced. In the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, candidates spent an average of ₹57.23 lakh each, often from opaque sources, highlighting the need for electoral reforms to improve transparency and fairness. 
• I – Inclusive Cities & Federalism: Build liveable cities with affordable housing, sanitation, 24x7 utilities, urban green codes. 
  • Goods and Services Tax (GST) has demonstrated the strength of Centre–State cooperation, but future reforms need fairer tax sharing and greater state responsibility for fiscal discipline and spending. 
• C – Cyber & Digital Public Infrastructure: Expand Digital Public Infrastructure with AI-enabled governance. Revamp central know your customer (CKYC) for universal, real-time, secure financial access. 
  • Advance secure, resilient, and citizen-centric digital systems that bridge the divide and drive inclusive growth. 

Economic Reforms 

• Mnemonic: LIBERATE. 
• L – Labour & Land: Implement labour codes and streamline land acquisition to boost formal jobs and investment. 
• I – Inflation Targeting: Strengthen the Consumer Price Index (CPI) basket and improve repo rate transmission for better price stability. 
• B – Banks & Bankruptcy: Strengthen banking ecosystem for global competitiveness and speed up resolutions under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). 
• E – Ease of Doing Business: Swift implementation of Jan Vishwas Act, 2023 is needed to decriminalise more minor business offences. 
• R – Research and Development (R&D) : Raise R&D spending to 2% of GDP and integrate private players into innovation ecosystems. 
• A – Asset Sales: Pursue calibrated disinvestment and strategic privatisation of loss-making PSUs to unlock capital. 
• T – Tax Reform (GST): Simplify GST and gradually expand its ambit to include fuel, alcohol, electricity, and real estate under it. 
• E – Empower Consumers & Investors: Enhance trust and participation by ensuring transparent markets, stronger protection mechanisms, and efficient redressal systems, thereby driving financial inclusion and sustained investment growth. 

Industrial & Manufacturing Reforms 

• Mnemonic: MADE (“Made in India”) 
• M – MSMEs & Markets: Revive MSME growth with enhanced credit access, and provide global listing opportunities for Indian firms via GIFT IFSC. 
• A – Atmanirbhar in Defence: Raise Defence Spending to 3% of GDP, scale up domestic production, and foster private–public collaboration to reduce import dependence and position India as a global hub for defence exports. 
• D – Deregulation: Setting up a factory in India requires too much paperwork. A functional single-window system, integrating state and central approvals online with strict timelines, is needed.  
  • Smaller towns should define their own industrial zones, with simpler zoning laws, to become the next manufacturing hubs. 
• E – Energy & Exports: Strengthen renewable energy capacity, optimize energy use, and establish dedicated industrial zones for rare earth metals with simplified clearances, incentives, and e-waste recycling for strategic metals to reduce foreign dependence for energy requirements. 
  • Promote International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)/Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) certifications in high-value exports to enhance acceptance and credibility. 

Agriculture Reforms 

• Mnemonic: FARM 
• F – Finance & Fertility: Improve farm credit access. Replace input subsidies with direct cash transfers. Boost fertility via irrigation, mechanisation, climate-resilient seed varieties, and climate-smart farming.  
  • India can reduce 6–12% post-harvest losses by investing in cold storage at farms and mandis. 
• A – Agri Markets & Export: Expand APMC (agricultural produce market committee) coverage, allow private procurement and contract farming. 
  • India can boost agricultural exports to USD 70 billion by focusing on value chains for high-potential items like rice, spices, fruits, and vegetables.  
• R – Rural Livelihoods: Promote dairying, poultry, fishing, and beekeeping to diversify incomes. 
  • India should actively pursue an ethanol blending programme to boost farmers' income, making them 'Urjadata' alongside 'Annadata.'  
    • However, India must balance food and energy security, as 20% ethanol blending diverts grains and sugarcane, risking food shortages.' 
• M – Market & Land Security: Replace MSP (Minimum Support Price) with comprehensive insurance covering market prices & disasters. 
  • Ensure clear land ownership titles via digitalisation and integrate blockchain in Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP). 

Education Reforms 

• Mnemonic: LEARN 
• L – Literacy & Learning: India needs to spend 6% of GDP on public education, focus on foundational skills, teacher training, and accountability. 
• E – Education Regulation: Strengthen higher education regulators like the University Grants Commission and All India Council for Technical Education to reduce administrative burdens, allowing institutions to focus on quality, research, and innovation. 
• A – Acquire Skills Early: Integrate vocational training in schools to bridge the gap between academics and industry needs. 
• R – Reach Global Standards: Invite top foreign universities, aim for an Indian university in the global top 100, and improve sports infrastructure in schools. 
• N – Nurture Innovation & Digital Learning: Digitize curricula, leverage tech in classrooms, encourage private capital in universities, and reform testing mechanisms supported by initiatives like PARAKH. 

Health Reforms 

• Mnemonic: CURE 
• C – Coverage & Care: Guarantee Right to Health with a Universal Health Coverage under Ayushman Bharat Yojana. 
• U – Unified Standards: Mandate hospital accreditation and enforce clear labelling of health products for quality, safety, and affordability. 
• R – Records & Rights: Under the Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA), ensure health data ownership, explicit patient consent, digital security, and strong oversight for personal health information. 
• E – Encourage Innovation: Promote domestic MedTech start-ups, support early-stage innovations, and create a national trauma care grid for emergency response. 

Environment & Sustainability Reforms 

• Mnemonic: GREEN 
• G – Green Manufacturing & Hydrogen: Mandate eco-friendly industrial practices, promote green hydrogen adoption, and decarbonise key sectors like steel, cement, and metals. 
• R – Renewable Energy & Battery R&D: Expand renewable energy capacity, invest in future battery technology, and reduce dependence on imports for energy storage. 
• E – Emissions & Carbon Trading: Develop structured carbon markets, voluntary crediting mechanisms, and policies to prevent double counting and fraud. 
• E – Environmental Protection & Waste Management: Tackle air pollution by improving district-wise monitoring. 
  • Promote recycling, e-waste management, and create marketplaces for recyclable waste. 
• N – Nature & Climate-Resilient Urban Planning: Under the Smart Cities Mission, plan climate-resilient cities as beacons of India's Green Transition by incentivizing sustainable urban development and linking grants for municipalities to cleanliness and renewable energy adoption. 

Infrastructure Reforms 

• Mnemonic: TRIP 
• T – Transport Modernisation: Future rail mobility requires investments in Hyperloop, bullet, and driverless trains, with policy reforms for fare rationalization and private investment, while maintaining affordability.  
  • Public transport needs efficient bus, rapid rail, and monorail systems and last-mile connectivity to improve state services. 
• R – Regulate & Rationalise: Promote green freight with multimodal hubs and electric trucks for low-carbon logistics.  
  • Introduce single-window vehicle clearances for manufacturing, emissions, and safety approvals. 
• I – Infrastructure Indexing: Create a public district-level infrastructure dashboard tracking health, education, transport, civic amenities, and digital assets to guide policy and ensure equitable development. 
• P – Ports & Logistics: About 95% of India’s trade by volume and 65% by value moves through maritime transport.  
  • As India pursues its ambitious target of 10,000 Million Tonnes Per Annum(MTPA) port capacity by 2047, it requires the development of world-class ports, digitized cargo systems, green freight solutions, and efficient logistics hubs. 

Tech & Digital Reforms 

• Mnemonic: IDEAS 
• I – Invest in AI & Emerging Technologies: Expand India’s domestic AI ecosystem by building robust public compute infrastructure, chip fabrication facilities, and a sovereign cloud to ensure technological self-reliance and global competitiveness 
• D – Digital Rights & Consumer Protection: Swiftly implement Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, 2023 to give users control over data, hold companies accountable, and enable secure data transfer, ensuring privacy and trust. 
• E – Education & Skills for the Future: Integrate ethics, arts, climate, and digital civics into STEM to nurture critical thinking and responsible innovation. 
• A – Audits & Ethics in Technology: Mandate Tech Impact Assessments for start-ups and  implement ethical and explainable AI law with bias checks, data consent, and transparency. 
• S – Security, Crypto & Innovation: India needs a modern cybersecurity framework ready to tackle future AI led cyber warfare. 
  • India must set clear crypto rules on taxation, compliance, and consumer protection to boost innovation and global digital economy integration. 

Conclusion 

Achieving Viksit Bharat@2047 requires bold reforms across governance, economy, agriculture, education, and technology. TThese transformative measures will drive inclusive growth, global competitiveness, sustainable development, and strengthen India’s position as a Vishwaguru in the world economy. 

Related Keywords for Mains 

• “From Red Tape to Red Carpet” – reforms that ease business & citizen engagement. 
• “Cut Compliance, Boost Growth” – Reduce outdated rules to make governance efficient. 
• “Strong Institutions, Stronger India” – Modernize bureaucracy and judiciary for accountability. 
• “Make MSMEs Rise, Make India Shine” – Support small industries and expand global market access. 
• “Learn, Innovate, Lead” – Improve education, skills, and innovation for the future workforce. 
• “Green Energy, Clean Future” – Promote renewable energy, climate-resilient cities, and sustainable practices. 
• “From Accountability to Actionability” – measurable and effective governance, 

Drishti Mains Question:

Discuss the reforms required to achieve the vision of a Viksit Bharat by 2047?

UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs)

Mains 

Q. Normally countries shift from agriculture to industry and then later to services, but India shifted directly from agriculture to services. What are the reasons for the huge growth of services vis-a-vis the industry in the country? Can India become a developed country without a strong industrial base? (2014)