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MCA 21 Version 3.0: Digital Corporate Compliance Portal

Why in News Recently, the government launched the first phase of the latest update to its digital corporate compliance portal, Ministry of Corporate...

25 May 2021 E-Governance
E-Way Bill Integration with FASTag, RFID

Why in News The Union Government has integrated the E-Way Bill (EWB) system with FasTag and RFID. Key Points Electronic Way (E-Way) Bill:...

20 May 2021 E-Governance
US Global Entry Programme

Why in News Indian security agencies in the past two years checked the antecedents of more than 9,000 Indians who wanted to enrol for the US’...

19 May 2021 E-Governance
#FOSS4GOV Innovation Challenge

Why in News Recently, the Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY) has announced #FOSS4GOV Innovation Challenge to accelerate adoption of Free and...

26 Apr 2021 E-Governance
India Restores E-Visa for 156 Countries

Why in News The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has restored electronic visa (e-visa) facility for foreigners from 156 countries, who intend to visit...

16 Apr 2021 E-Governance
e-SANTA

Why in News Recently the Union Commerce and Industry Minister has inaugurated an electronic platform named e-SANTA, which will connect aqua farmers...

14 Apr 2021 E-Governance
India Energy Dashboards Version 2.0

Why in News Recently, the government think tank NITI Aayog has launched India Energy Dashboards (IED) Version 2.0. NITI Aayog launched the...

14 Apr 2021 E-Governance
Integrated Health Information Platform

Why in News The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has launched the Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP), that is the next generation...

07 Apr 2021 E-Governance
Mera Ration Mobile App Launched

Why in News In order to facilitate the 'One Nation One Ration Card’ system in the country, the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public...

13 Mar 2021 E-Governance
Vaccine Passports

Why in News Governments around the world are exploring the potential use of vaccine passports as a way of reopening the economy by identifying those...

10 Mar 2021 E-Governance
Cyber Crime Volunteers

Why in News The Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF), a digital liberties organisation, has written to the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) that the...

04 Mar 2021 E-Governance
Liberalisation of the Geo-Spatial Sector

Why in News Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology released new guidelines for the Geo-Spatial Sector in India, which deregulates existing...

16 Feb 2021 E-Governance
Parivar Pehchan Patra and Privacy Concerns

Why in News Recently, there has been a privacy concern with respect to Haryana's Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) Scheme. Although enrollment under...

06 Feb 2021 E-Governance
35th Pragati Meeting

Why in News The Prime Minister of India recently chaired the 35th edition of Pro-Active Governance And Timely Implementation (PRAGATI) - the...

28 Jan 2021 E-Governance
Regulatory Compliance Portal: DPIIT

Why in News Recently, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has launched a regulatory compliance portal that will act...

21 Jan 2021 E-Governance
The Big Picture: India and the Vaccination Drive

Why in News? India began the "World's Largest Vaccination Program" on January 16, 2021. The Prime Minister of India said that India is entering...

19 Jan 2021 E-Governance
Single Window Clearance for Coal

Why in News Recently, the Union government has announced a new online single window clearance portal for the coal sector. The coal sector can be...

12 Jan 2021 E-Governance
Freight Business Development Portal: Railways

Why in News The Ministry of Railways has launched an exclusive portal to promote and develop the railways’ freight business - Freight Business...

06 Jan 2021 E-Governance
Digital India Awards 2020

Why in News Recently, the President of India has conferred Digital India Awards 2020. Key Points About the Awards: Digital India Awards have...

31 Dec 2020 E-Governance
National Summit on Good, Replicable Practices & Innovations

Why in News The Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare digitally inaugurated the 7th National Summit on Good, Replicable Practices &...

30 Dec 2020 E-Governance

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		'article_id' => (int) 8441,
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		'title' => 'MCA 21 Version 3.0: Digital Corporate Compliance Portal',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the government launched the first phase of the latest update to its <strong>digital corporate compliance portal, Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) 21 Version 3.0.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It will help in improving <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/what-makes-doing-business-easier" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Ease of Doing Business</strong></a> in<strong> India. India ranked 63<sup>rd</sup></strong> out of 190 countries in<strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ease-of-doing-business-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Ease Doing Business 2020: World Bank Report</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It will <strong>leverage the use of latest technologies</strong> to further <strong>streamline the Corporate Compliance</strong> and stakeholders experience.</li>
<li>MCA 21 has been part of <strong>Mission Mode projects of the Government of India.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>MCA21 Version 3.0</strong> is part of the <a href="/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-analysis/03-02-2021#:~:text=On%20the%20Commission's%20recommendation%2C%20Rs,14%20states%20in%202020%2D21." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>2021 Budget</strong> </a>announcement.</li>
<li>MCA21 is the online <strong>portal of the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) that has made</strong> all company related information accessible to various stakeholders and the general public. It was <strong>launched in 2006.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The entire project is proposed to be launched within the <a href="/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-analysis/03-02-2021" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Financial Year</strong></a> 2021-22 and will be data analytics and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rise-in-ai-adoption-in-india-amidst-pandemic" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>machine learning</strong> </a>driven.</li>
<li>The MCA21 V3.0 in its entirety will not only <strong>improve the existing services and modules</strong>, but will also <strong>create new functionalities like e-adjudication, compliance management system, advanced helpdesk, feedback services, user dashboards, self-reporting tools</strong> and revamped master data services. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It comprises a revamped website, new email services for MCA Officers and two new modules, namely, e. Book and e. Consultation.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is designed to fully automate all processes related to the proactive enforcement and compliance of the legal requirements under the<a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-the-companies-amendment-bill-2020#:~:text=Producer%20Companies%3A%20Under%20the%202013,meetings%2C%20and%20maintenance%20of%20accounts." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Companies Act, 1956</strong></a>, New <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/committee-to-review-the-offences-under-the-companies-act" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Companies Act, 2013</strong></a> and <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/decriminalisation-of-offences-under-llp-act#:~:text=About%3A,irrespective%20of%20changes%20in%20partners." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008</a>.</strong> This will help the business community to meet their statutory obligations.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Benefits:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Easy <strong>access to the updated legislations</strong> along with a tracking mechanism for historical changes in law.</li>
<li>It will <strong>give new meaning to corporate compliance culture</strong> and will further enhance the trust and confidence in the Corporate regulatory and governance system.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Measures taken to Improve Ease of Doing Business:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Integrated Incorporation Form :</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/spice-web-form" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically (SPICe)</a></strong> was introduced which extends <strong>8 services from three Ministries through a single form.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>RUN &ndash; Reserve Unique Name:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/year-end-review-2019-ministry-of-corporate-affairs" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>a web service</strong></a> used for reserving a name for a new company or for changing its existing name. The web service <strong>helps verify whether the name chosen for the company is unique.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/in-depth-insolvency-and-bankruptcy-code-act" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016</strong></a> has introduced new dimensions in resolving insolvency in India. It is <strong>India&rsquo;s first comprehensive legislation of corporate insolvency.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1721263" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'E-Way Bill Integration with FASTag, RFID',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Union Government has integrated the E-Way Bill (EWB) system with FasTag and RFID.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Electronic Way (E-Way) Bill:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/e-way-bills-during-lockdown" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>E-Way Bill</strong></a> is usually a unique bill number generated for the specific consignment involving the movement of goods.</li>
<li>Under the <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/goods-and-services-tax-gst-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Goods and Services Tax</strong></a> (GST) regime, <strong>EWBs are mandatory</strong> for inter-state transportation of goods valued over Rs. 50,000 from April 2018, with the exemption to precious items such as gold.</li>
<li>It is a mechanism<strong> to ensure that goods being transported comply with the GST Law</strong> and is <strong>a tool to track movement of goods and check tax evasion.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>FASTag:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/fastag-and-right-to-freedom-of-movement" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>FASTag</strong> </a>is a reloadable tag that<strong> allows automatic deduction of toll</strong> without having to stop for carrying out the cash transaction.</li>
<li>The tag uses <strong>Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology</strong> and is fixed on the windscreen of the vehicle once active.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>RFID is the <strong>use of radio waves to read and capture information</strong> stored on a tag attached to an object.</li>
<li>A tag can be read from up to several feet away and does not need to be within the direct line-of-sight of the reader to be tracked.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>From 15<sup>th</sup> February, 2021, <strong>FASTag has become compulsory for all vehicles</strong> across the country.</li>
<li>It is <strong>operated by <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-highways-authority-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)</a>.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance of Integration:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Large Movement of Goods Vehicles:</strong> On an average, 25 lakh goods vehicle movements from more than 800 tolls are reported on a daily basis to the E-Way Bill system.</li>
<li><strong>Live Vigilance:</strong> The integration of EWB, RFID and FASTag will<strong> enable tax officers to undertake live vigilance in respect of EWB compliances</strong> by businesses.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Taxmen can now access reports on vehicles that have passed the selected tolls without e-way bills in the past few minutes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Stop Revenue Leakage :</strong> It will aid in preventing revenue leakage by <strong>real-time identification of cases of recycling and/or non-generation of EWBs.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/business/e-way-bill-integrated-with-fastag-rfid-7322125/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 8402,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'US Global Entry Programme',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Indian security agencies in the past two years checked the antecedents of <strong>more than 9,000 Indians</strong> who wanted to <strong>enrol for</strong> the <strong>US&rsquo; Global Entry Program.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The <strong>Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS)</strong> is being used for antecedent verification.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Global Entry</strong> is <strong>a US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) program that allows speedy clearance for low-risk travellers</strong> upon their arrival in the US.</li>
<li>Though the pilot project started in 2008, <strong>India became a member of Global Entry in 2017.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>travellers are pre-approved for the programme after a rigorous background check.</strong></li>
<li>After receiving a request, the US authorities send them to the<strong> Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).</strong> The MEA forwards it to the <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs,</strong> which taps other ministries, State police and other databases to run a background check.</li>
<li>The <strong>CBP does not process the application</strong> if a person has been &ldquo;convicted of any criminal offence or have pending criminal charges, including outstanding warrants, have been found in violation of any customs, immigration or agriculture regulations or laws in any country.&rdquo;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>CCTNS</strong> is a <strong>centrally funded scheme, developed by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/cctns-hackathon-cyber-challenge" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB).</a></strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is a Mission Mode Project under the<a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/e-governance-1#:~:text=National%20e%2DGovernance%20Plan%20(NeGP,integrated%20into%20Digital%20India%20Program." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> National e-Governance Plan</strong> </a>(NeGP) of the <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs.</strong></li>
<li>It was <strong>approved in 2009.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is a secure application that<strong> links over 97% of police stations</strong> in the country.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objectives:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Make the Police functioning citizen friendly</strong> and more transparent by automating the functioning of Police Stations.</li>
<li><strong>Improve delivery of citizen-centric services</strong> through effective usage of ICT.</li>
<li>Provide the Investigating Officers of the Civil Police with tools, technology and information <strong>to facilitate investigation of crime and detection of criminals.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/us-global-entry-program-over-9000-indians-past-checked-in-last-2-years/article34588322.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 8234,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => '#FOSS4GOV Innovation Challenge',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Ministry of Electronics &amp; IT (MeitY)</strong> has announced <strong>#FOSS4GOV Innovation Challenge to accelerate adoption of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) in Government.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Free and Open Source Software (FOSS):</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It <strong>doesn&rsquo;t</strong> mean software is <strong>free of cost.</strong></li>
<li>The <strong>term &ldquo;free&rdquo;</strong> indicates that the <strong>software does not have constraints on copyrights.</strong></li>
<li>It means that<strong> source code of the software is open for all</strong> and anyone is free to use, study and modify the code.</li>
<li>It<strong> allows other people also to contribute to the development and improvement of the software</strong> like a community.</li>
<li>The Free and Open Source Software may also be referred to as <strong>Free/Libre Open Source Software</strong> (FLOSS) or <strong>Free/Open Source Software (F/OSS).</strong></li>
<li><strong>Examples</strong> of FOSS include MySQL, Firefox, Linux, etc.</li>
<li>Another category of software is<strong> &lsquo;Closed Source Software&rsquo;.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The software which uses the proprietary and closely guarded code.</li>
<li>Only the original authors have the authority to access, copy, and alter that software.</li>
<li>In this case one does not purchase the software, but only pay to use it.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Challenge:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It will harness the<strong> innovation potential of the FOSS community</strong> and start-ups<strong> to solve critical issues in Government Technologies (GovTech).</strong></li>
<li>It calls upon FOSS innovators to submit implementable open source product innovations in CRM and ERP with possible applications for Govtech in Health, Education, and Agriculture etc.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>CRM</strong> stands for <strong>&ldquo;Customer Relationship Management&rdquo;.</strong></li>
<li><strong>ERP</strong> stands for <strong>"Enterprise Resource Planning"</strong> and refers to software and systems used to plan and manage all the core supply chain, manufacturing, services, financial and other processes of an organization.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is a key component of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/govtech-3-0" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>GovTech 3.0</strong></a>, which is about building secure and inclusive <strong>Open Digital Ecosystems (ODEs).</strong></li>
<li>The participants are eligible for incubation support, prize money, mentorship by domain experts, institutional support from eminent organizations for incubation of ideas and listing of solutions on<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/gem-samvaad" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Government e Marketplace (GeM).</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>India is well positioned to become a vibrant hub for <strong>Free and Open Source Software</strong> (FOSS) innovations, due to the large number of 4G data subscribers in India.</li>
<li><strong>96%</strong> of the subscribers access the digital world via open-source based mobile operating systems (primarily Android).</li>
<li>India&rsquo;s largest-government projects (including <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/aadhar-and-its-voluntary-use" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Aadhaar</strong></a>) and many technology start-ups have also been built using FOSS.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Related Initiatives:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The Government of India had issued a <strong>Policy on Adoption of Open Source Software in 2015.</strong></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/nmeict" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Free and Open Source Software for Education (FOSSEE) Project</strong></a>: It is a project <strong>promoting the use of open source software in educational institutions.</strong> It does that through instructional material, such as spoken tutorials, documentation, such as textbook companions, awareness programmes, such as conferences, training workshops, and internships.</li>
<li>The government <strong>has also made the android version of the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/aarogya-setu-app-a-technological-solutionism" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Aarogya Setu</a> app open source.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>GovTech 3.0</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>GovTech1.0</strong> was the era of &ldquo;computerisation&rdquo; of manual processes such as putting income tax forms online.</li>
<li><strong>GovTech 2.0</strong> was about building systems which digitised end-to-end processes, for example, the government&rsquo;s<strong> &ldquo;e-office&rdquo;</strong> file management system.</li>
<li>GovTech 3.0 is<strong> focussed on Open Digital Ecosystems (ODEs),</strong> the underlying philosophy suggests that the government should focus on creating the &ldquo;digital commons&rdquo;.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It<strong> envisages the government becoming a facilitator by creating digital infrastructure on which innovators can collaboratively build solutions</strong> for the public good.</li>
<li>ODEs are: &ldquo;open and secure digital platforms that enable a community of actors to unlock transformative solutions for society, based on a robust governance framework&rdquo;.</li>
<li>Several path-breaking ODEs are already in play in India: <strong>Unified Payments Interface (UPI)</strong> in the financial services space; the National Digital Infrastructure for Teachers called <strong>DIKSHA;</strong> etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1619424022_image1.png" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="content-img" src="http://www.drishtiias.com/images/uploads/1619424022_image1.png" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" caption="false" width="650" height="359" /></a></p>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1713452" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 8164,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'India Restores E-Visa for 156 Countries',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)</strong> has restored <strong>electronic visa (e-visa)</strong> facility for <strong>foreigners</strong> from <strong>156 countries</strong>, who intend to visit India for the purposes of <strong>business</strong>, <strong>conferences, and for medical reasons</strong>, including in the case of medical attendants.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>E-visa for tourists is yet to be restored.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>E-Visa:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Launch:</strong> The e-visa system is an <strong>innovation introduced by the government in 2014.</strong> The facility was expanded in 2017-2018.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The process has its <strong>roots in the 2010 Tourist Visa on Arrival (TVOA) scheme</strong> for Japan, Singapore, Finland, Luxembourg and New Zealand.</li>
<li>The government <strong>merged the TVOA with Electronic Travel Authorisation</strong>, thereby creating the e-visa.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Five Categories:</strong> An e-visa also called <strong>Electronic Visa</strong> is provided in five categories&mdash;<strong>tourist, business, conference, medical, and medical attendant.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Process:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Under the arrangement, a foreigner can apply online four days prior to travel.</li>
<li>After the details are verified, an <strong>electronic travel authorisation (ETA)</strong> is generated, which has to be presented at the immigration check post on arrival.</li>
<li>Entry through e-visas is <strong>allowed only at 28 designated international airports and 5 major seaports in India.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Nodal Ministry:</strong> The <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs</strong> is the nodal ministry that issues visas to foreigners.</li>
<li>The facility is <strong>not available for the citizens of Pakistan</strong> and they are expected to apply for regular visas from the Indian High Commission in Islamabad.</li>
<li>E-visas are <strong>not valid for foreign diplomats</strong> which are dealt separately.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Current Status:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Though the <strong>facility is available to 171 countries</strong>, after restrictions were announced in 2020, it has been <strong>restored only for 156 countries.</strong></li>
<li>China, the UK, Canada, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia are <strong>excluded</strong> from the current restoration.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-restores-e-visa-for-156-countries/article34328649.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 8145,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'e-SANTA',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently the Union Commerce and Industry Minister has inaugurated an <strong>electronic platform</strong> named <strong>e-SANTA</strong>, which will connect <strong>aqua farmers and the buyers.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The term <strong>e-SANTA</strong> was coined for the web portal, meaning <strong>Electronic Solution for Augmenting NaCSA farmers' Trade in Aquaculture.</strong></li>
<li>e-SANTA is a <strong>digital bridge</strong> to end the market divide and will act as an alternative marketing tool between farmers &amp; buyers by eliminating middlemen.</li>
<li>The farmers can <strong>freely list their produce and quote their price</strong> while the exporters have the freedom to list their requirements and also to choose the products based on their requirements such as desired size, location, harvest dates etc.</li>
<li>The Platform is available in <strong>many languages</strong>, which will help the local population.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>e-SANTA will <strong>RAISE</strong> income, lifestyle, self-reliance, quality levels, traceability, and provide new options for aqua farmers by: <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Reducing Risk</li>
<li>Awareness of Products &amp; Markets</li>
<li>Increase in Income</li>
<li>Shielding Against Wrong Practice</li>
<li>Ease of Processes</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It will enable the farmers and buyers to have greater control over the trade and enables them to make informed decisions.</li>
<li>It will provide a cashless, contactless and paperless electronic trade platform between farmers and exporters.</li>
<li>e-SANTA can become a tool to advertise collectively the kind of products the buyers, fishermen &amp; fish producing organisations are harvesting.</li>
<li>It will help people in India &amp; internationally to know about the products availability and has the potential of becoming an auction platform in future.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>National Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>National Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture (NaCSA) is an extension arm of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/5th-aqua-aquaria-india-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA)</strong></a>, Ministry of Commerce &amp; Industry Govt. of India.</li>
<li>The objectives of NaCSA are to <strong>encourage and uplift the small and marginal farmers</strong> through organization of clusters and maintaining Best Management Practices in shrimp culture.</li>
<li>The primary advantage of cluster approach to shrimp farming is that it contributes to substantial reduction in cost of production.</li>
<li>It also enables participating farmers to organize:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The schedule of farm operations,</li>
<li>Quality seed procurement,</li>
<li>Simultaneous stocking,</li>
<li>Water exchange</li>
<li>Harvesting regimes</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1711426" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB </strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 8140,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'India Energy Dashboards Version 2.0',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the government think tank <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-national-institutions/niti-aayog-national-institution-for-transforming-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>NITI Aayog</strong></a> has launched <strong>India Energy Dashboards (IED) Version 2.0.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>NITI Aayog <strong>launched the Version 1.0 in May 2017.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>India Energy Dashboards (IED) is an endeavour <strong>to provide single-window access to the energy data for the country.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is <strong>an initial step towards building a comprehensive, open, and freely accessible energy data portal for India.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Energy data published/provided by<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/prakash-portal" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Central Electricity Authority</strong></a>, <strong>Coal Controller&rsquo;s Organisation, </strong>and<strong> Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas</strong> is compiled in the Dashboards.</li>
<li>The IED Provides<strong> time series data from FY 2005-06 until FY 2019-20.</strong></li>
<li>IED<strong> provides data at sub-yearly frequencies</strong> as well. This includes<strong> monthly data and API (Application Programming Interface) linked data</strong> from some portals maintained by the government agencies.</li>
<li>API linked data from<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/saubhagya-scheme" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> Saubhagya</strong></a>, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/6-yearsof-ujala-and-slnp" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>UJALA</strong></a>, <strong>PRAAPTI, and Vidyut PRAVAH</strong> has been incorporated in the dashboards.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Saubhagya Scheme</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana &ndash;</strong> &lsquo;Saubhagya&rsquo; was launched in September, 2017 with a target to electrify all households by December 2018.</li>
<li>All the states had declared on Saubhagya portal that all the willing un-electrified households had been electrified as on 31<sup>st</sup> March 2019, except 18,734 households in <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/left-wing-extremism-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>LWE (left wing extremist)</strong> </a>affected areas of Chhattisgarh.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>UJALA Scheme</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>UJALA (Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All)</strong> is a <strong>zero-subsidy scheme</strong> launched by the Government in 2015.</li>
<li>It is touted as the <strong>world&rsquo;s largest domestic lighting project.</strong></li>
<li>Every domestic household having a metered connection from their respective Electricity Distribution Company is eligible to get the LED bulbs under the Scheme.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>PRAAPTI</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is a web portal<strong> launched in 2018 by the Ministry of Power.</strong></li>
<li>&lsquo;PRAAPTI&rsquo; stands for Payment Ratification and Analysis in Power Procurement <strong>for bringing transparency in invoicing of generators.</strong></li>
<li>The power distribution companies are able to clear the invoices and reply to claims raised by the generators on this portal.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Vidyut PRAVAH</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Mobile/Web App <strong>provides real-time information of current demand met, shortages if any, surplus power available</strong> and the prices in Power Exchange.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1711204" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 8094,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Integrated Health Information Platform',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The<strong> Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare</strong> has launched the <strong>Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP),</strong> that is the next generation highly <strong>refined version of the presently used Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/integrated-disease-surveillance-programme" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IDSP</a>).</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>IIHP is an <strong>advanced disease surveillance system.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It will <strong>track 33 diseases (as compared to the earlier 18 diseases)</strong> and will ensure near-real-time data in digital mode.</li>
<li>It will <strong>provide a health information system</strong> developed for real time, case-based information, integrated analytics, advanced visualization capability.</li>
<li>Data will be provided in real time through:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Grassroots healthcare workers</strong> through their gadgets (tablets);</li>
<li><strong>Doctors at the PHC</strong> (Primary Healthcare Centre)/CHC (Community Health Centre)/DH (District Hospital) when the citizens seek healthcare; and</li>
<li><strong>Diagnostic labs</strong> which will provide data on the tests carried out.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Key Features:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Real time data reporting</strong> (along through mobile application); <strong>accessible at all levels</strong> (from villages, states and central level).</li>
<li>Advanced data modelling &amp; analytical tools.</li>
<li><strong>Geographic Information System (GIS) enabled Graphical representation of data</strong> into integrated dashboard.</li>
<li>Role &amp; hierarchy-based feedback &amp; alert mechanisms.</li>
<li><strong>Geo-tagging</strong> of reporting health facilities.</li>
<li>Scope for data integration with other health programs.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>collection of authentic data will become easy</strong> as it comes directly from the village/block level; the last mile from the country.</li>
<li>This digital platform for scouting the earliest signs of disease spread in the smallest of villages and blocks in the country will <strong>immensely help in nipping in the bud any potential outbreak or epidemic.</strong></li>
<li>It is in sync with the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-digital-health-mission" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Digital Health Mission (NDHM).</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>NDHM aims to develop the backbone necessary to support the integrated digital health infrastructure of the country.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>India&rsquo;s <strong>information system for precision public health</strong> is essential for delivering &lsquo;the right intervention at the right time, every time to the right population.&rsquo;<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>In recent years, the use of technology to enhance precision in public health, including the use of pathogen genomics, enhanced surveillance and informatics, and targeted interventions has steadily gone up.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>With its implementation, India is marching towards <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/atmanirbhar-bharat-and-economic-stimulus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat</strong></a> in healthcare through use of technology.</li>
<li>This refined digital surveillance platform will help to provide and connect data and move towards <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/onehealth-approach" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>&lsquo;One Health&rsquo; approach.</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>One Health is an approach to designing and implementing programmes, policies, legislation and research in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, in assistance with the <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-bank-group" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Bank</strong></a>, in 2004.</li>
<li>It <strong>continued as the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP)</strong> during 12<sup>th</sup> Plan (2012&ndash;17) under the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/national-health-mission-and-janani-suraksha-yojana" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Health Mission</strong> </a>with a domestic budget.</li>
<li>Under it, a Central Surveillance Unit (CSU) at Delhi, State Surveillance Units (SSU) at all State/Union Territories (UTs) head quarters and District Surveillance Units (DSU) at all Districts have been established.</li>
<li><strong>Objectives:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To strengthen/maintain decentralized laboratory based and IT enabled disease surveillance systems for epidemic prone diseases to monitor disease trends.</li>
<li>To detect and respond to outbreaks in the early rising phase through trained Rapid Response Teams (RRTs).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Programme Components:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Integration and decentralization of surveillance activities through <strong>establishment of surveillance units</strong> at Centre, State and District level.</li>
<li><strong>Human Resource Development &ndash;</strong> Training of State Surveillance Officers (SSOs), District Surveillance Officers (DSOs), RRT and other medical and paramedical staff on principles of disease surveillance.</li>
<li><strong>Use of Information Communication Technology</strong> for collection, collation, compilation, analysis and dissemination of data.</li>
<li>Strengthening of public health laboratories.</li>
<li>Inter sectoral Coordination for<a href="/to-the-points/paper3/zoonotic-diseases" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> zoonotic diseases.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID%3D1709676&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1617784556747000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3SdlYA3fvN3A3LO8LCxSA_" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7925,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Mera Ration Mobile App Launched',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>In order to facilitate the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/one-nation-one-ration-card-scheme" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>'One Nation One Ration Card&rsquo;</strong></a> system in the country, the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution has launched the <strong>'Mera Ration'</strong> mobile app to benefit citizens in identifying the nearest <strong>Fair Price Shop</strong> (FPS).</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>This app will benefit especially those ration card holders who move to new areas for livelihoods.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the App:</strong> The app is developed by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rojgaar-sangi" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Informatics Center</strong> </a>(NIC).<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Language:</strong> The application is currently available in English and Hindi. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>However, it is planned to be introduced in 14 languages which will be identified on the basis of places where most migrant people move.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Facilities to the Beneficiaries:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Can identify and locate the nearest fair price shop.</li>
<li>Can easily check details of their foodgrain entitlement, recent transactions and the status of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/aadhar-and-its-voluntary-use" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Aadhaar</strong> </a>seeding.</li>
<li>Can register their migration details.</li>
<li>An option to enter suggestions/feedback.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC): </strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Implementation:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The ONORC scheme is being implemented by the Department of Food and Public Distribution for the nation-wide portability of ration cards under <strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/food-security-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Food Security Act (NFSA)</a> 2013.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The Act legally entitled upto 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population to receive subsidized food grains under <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/public-distribution-system-1#:~:text=In%20June%2C%201997%2C%20the%20Government,the%20poverty%20line%20or%20APL." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Targeted Public Distribution System.</strong></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>This system allows all NFSA beneficiaries, particularly migrant beneficiaries, to claim either full or part foodgrains from any Fair Price Shop (FPS) in the country <strong>through an existing ration card with biometric/Aadhaar authentication</strong> in a seamless manner. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The freedom of choosing any FPS was not available earlier.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>States completing the One Nation-One Ration Card system reform were eligible for <strong>additional borrowing of 0.25% of gross state domestic product (GSDP).</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Seventeen states have operationalised 'One Nation-One Ration Card' system </strong>with Uttarakhand being the latest to complete the reform.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Coverage:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The ONORC was started initially in 4 States in the year 2019 and was rolled out in 32 States/UTs by the end of 2020. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The integration of the remaining 4 States/UT (Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi and West Bengal) is expected to be completed in next few months.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It covers nearly 69 Crore NFSA beneficiaries (about 86% NFSA population) in the country and a monthly average of about 1.5~1.6 Crore portability transactions are being recorded under ONORC.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Making ONORC Available to All:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The government supplies 5 kg of subsidised food grains to each person per month through 5.4 lakh ration shops.</li>
<li>The integration of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/database-of-migrants" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Migrants&rsquo; Portal</strong> </a>with ONROC system is undertaken with the support of the Ministry of Labour &amp; Employment.</li>
<li>The ONORC has been made a part of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/pm-svanidhi-micro-credit-scheme-for-street-vendors" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>PM SVANidhi</strong></a> program of the Ministry of Housing &amp; Urban Affairs.</li>
<li>Media publicity of the ONORC has been done with the help of the Ministry of Information &amp; Broadcasting, Press Information Bureau, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/Aim-&amp;-mygov-launches-innovate-india-platform" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>MyGov</strong></a>, Bureau of Outreach &amp; Communication.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID%3D1704367%23&amp;sa=D&amp;source=editors&amp;ust=1615626968404000&amp;usg=AOvVaw0XF8jgJCe3zUOB7BDAFf7n" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7892,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Vaccine Passports',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Governments around the world are exploring the potential use of vaccine passports as a way of reopening the economy by identifying those protected against the coronavirus.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About Vaccine Passports:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>A vaccine passport is an e-certificate that stores and records jabs and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/covid-19-and-indian-federalism" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19</strong> </a>test status. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It can be kept in a smartphone app or in other digital formats.</li>
<li>Its contents can be flashed at security checkpoints when people travel across borders.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The idea is modelled on the proof of <a href="/loksabha-rajyasabha-discussions/the-big-picture-india-and-the-vaccination-drive" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>vaccination</strong></a> that several countries required even before the pandemic.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Travellers from many African countries to the USA or India are required to submit proof that they have been vaccinated against diseases such as <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/yellow-fever-vaccine" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>yellow fever</strong></a>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>In February 2021, Israel became the first country to introduce a certification system that allows those who have been vaccinated against Covid-19 to access certain facilities and events.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Function of Vaccine Passports:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Will <strong>digitise vaccination records</strong> across countries.</li>
<li>Supposed to<strong> function as proof</strong> that the holder has been vaccinated against Covid-19 and is, therefore, safe.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Potential Beneficiary of the Vaccine Passports:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The primary benefit will be to the<strong> tourism and the hospitality industries,</strong> which are both seen as being at the heart of Covid-19 spread and are the worst hit by the pandemic.</li>
<li>The<strong> international air travel,</strong> which suffered massively because of the outbreak.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Similar Initiative:</strong> Several associations and non-profits have been issuing their own versions for international travel:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>IATA Travel Pass:</strong> The global trade body representing airlines <strong>(The International Air Transport Association)</strong> is developing an app called IATA Travel Pass that will provide airlines and other aviation industry stakeholders with a common platform to check for the proof of vaccination and its validity.</li>
<li><strong>CommonPass:</strong> Non-profit Commons Project has been trying out an app called CommonPass, which contains a passenger&rsquo;s vaccination record.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Concerns Raised in Instituting Vaccine Passport:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>WHO&rsquo;s Stand:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <a href="/important-institutions/drishti-specials-important-institutions-international-institution/world-health-organization-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>World Health Organisation (WHO)</strong></a> is <strong>against the introduction of Covid-19 vaccination proofs</strong> as a requirement for international travel.</li>
<li>There are still critical <strong>unknown facts regarding the efficacy of vaccination</strong> in reducing transmission.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Lack of Uniformity:</strong> The major difficulty in implementation will be the lack of uniformity across jurisdictions in requirement and issuance of proofs of vaccination.</li>
<li><strong>Inadequate Availability of Vaccines:</strong> Preferential vaccination of travellers could result in inadequate supplies of vaccines for priority populations considered at high risk of severe Covid-19 disease.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Introducing a requirement of vaccination as a condition for travel has the potential to <strong>hinder equitable global access to a limited vaccine supply</strong> and would be unlikely to maximize the benefits of vaccination for individual societies and overall global health.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Perpetuate Discrimination and Inequality:</strong> Experts argue that vaccine passports, in any form, might make travel inequitable. Adoption of these digital passports can perpetuate discrimination and inequality, increasing the divide between socioeconomic groups.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Rich countries that have already bought millions of doses from pharmaceutical companies are ahead in the race. The poorer nations may have to wait for months, if not years, to start inoculations.</li>
<li>This means that if vaccine passports become a norm, then these <strong>lower-income nations will lose out on the advantage.</strong></li>
<li>It will lead to exclusion of the younger generation who would be last in line to be vaccinated.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Privacy Concerns:</strong> These are mainly digital certificates that are accessed by a particular service provider to check for proof of vaccination, there is a possibility that they would be used by authorities to<strong> track the movement of their holders.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/coronavirus-vaccine-passports-who-nternational-travel-7221658/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: IE</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7839,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Cyber Crime Volunteers',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p><strong>The Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF),</strong> a digital liberties organisation, has written to the <strong>Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)</strong> that the <strong>cyber crime volunteers concept</strong> will lead to a &ldquo;culture of surveillance and constant suspicion in society creating potential social distrust&rdquo;.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Cyber Crime Volunteers Concept:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/new-facility-to-tackle-cyber-crimes" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)</strong></a> has envisaged the Cyber Crime Volunteers Program to bring together citizens with passion to serve the nation on a single platform and contribute in the fight against <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rising-cybercrimes" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>cybercrime</strong></a> in the country.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The programme <strong>targets to rope in around 500 persons</strong> to flag unlawful content on the Internet.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Good Samaritans</strong> are welcomed to register as Cyber Crime Volunteers in the role of unlawful content flaggers for facilitating law enforcement agencies in identifying, reporting and removal of illegal/unlawful online content.</li>
<li>Volunteers have been advised to study <strong>Article 19</strong> of the Indian Constitution, which deals with freedom of expression.</li>
<li>Further, the volunteer shall &ldquo;maintain strict confidentiality of tasks assigned/carried out by him/her&rdquo;. The <strong>State Nodal Officer of States/UTs</strong> also reserves the <strong>right to take legal action against the Volunteer,</strong> in case of violation of terms and conditions of the Program.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Unlawful Content:</strong> In general, content that violates any law in force in India. Such content may fall under following broad categories:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Against sovereignty and integrity of India.</li>
<li>Against defence of India.</li>
<li>Against Security of the State.</li>
<li>Against friendly relations with foreign States.</li>
<li>Content aimed at disturbing Public Order.</li>
<li>Disturbing communal harmony.</li>
<li>Child Sex Abuse material.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Concerns Raised: </strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Chances of Misuse:</strong> There is no information available on how the Ministry will ensure that the program is not misused by certain elements to extract misguided personal or political vendettas. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There is<strong> no process in place for withdrawal of complaints</strong> once submitted.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Cyber-Vigilantism:</strong> The programme will <strong>essentially result in a similar situation to the one which East Germany was in the 1950s.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The state asking citizens to report their fellow citizens would lead to cyber-vigilantism, and would lead to peers turning against their peers to snitch on them.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>No Clear Definition:</strong> The Ministry has failed to clearly define unlawful content and content which would relate to &ldquo;anti-national&rdquo; activities.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>This could <strong>allow the volunteers to exercise far more discretion than is necessary</strong> and report on citizens who are well within their rights to post content which is critical of the State.</li>
<li>Such a program seems to be in direct violation of the decision of the Supreme Court in <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/section-66a-of-it-act#:~:text=Section%2066A%20dealt%20with%20information,India%20judgement%2C%20Justices%20Rohinton%20F." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em><strong>Shreya Singhal v Union of India</strong></em></a> (2013) which highlights the need to ensure that overbroad restrictions on online speech are not used as a tool by the State to criminalise free speech on the internet.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It has been established under the <strong>Ministry of Home affairs (MHA)</strong> to act as a <strong>nodal point at National level</strong> in the fight against cybercrime.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The scheme to set up I4C was approved in October 2018, to deal with all types of cybercrimes in a comprehensive and coordinated manner.</li>
<li>This state-of-the-art Centre is located in <strong>New Delhi.</strong></li>
<li>Various States and Union Territories have given their consent to set up Regional Cyber Crime Coordination Centres.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Seven Components of the Scheme:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>National Cyber Crime Threat Analytics Unit,</li>
<li>National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal,</li>
<li>National Cyber Crime Training Centre,</li>
<li>Cyber Crime Ecosystem Management Unit,</li>
<li>National Cyber Crime Research and Innovation Centre,</li>
<li>National Cyber Crime Forensic Laboratory Ecosystem and</li>
<li>Platform for Joint Cyber Crime Investigation Team.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objectives:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>To provide a<strong> platform to deal with cybercrimes</strong> in a coordinated and comprehensive manner.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>To coordinate all activities related to implementation of <strong>Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLAT)</strong> with other countries related to cybercrimes in consultation with the concerned nodal authority in MHA.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>To <strong>create an ecosystem</strong> that brings together academia, industry, public and government in prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of cybercrimes.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>To identify the research problems and take up R&amp;D activities in developing new technologies and forensic tools in collaboration with academia/research institutes within India and abroad.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>To prevent<strong> misuse of cyberspace</strong> for furthering the cause of extremist and terrorist groups.</li>
<li><strong>Suggest amendments,</strong> if required, in cyber laws to keep pace with fast changing technologies and International cooperation.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cyber-crime-volunteers-plan-fraught-with-dangers-internet-freedom-foundation/article33973393.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: TH</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7698,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Liberalisation of the Geo-Spatial Sector',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology released <strong>new guidelines for the Geo-Spatial Sector</strong> in India, which deregulates existing protocol and <strong>liberalises the sector</strong> to a more competitive field.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Geo-Spacial Data:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Geospatial data is data about <strong>objects, events, or phenomena that have a location on the surface of the earth.</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The location may be static in the short-term, like the<strong> location of a road,</strong> an <strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper1/earthquake-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">earthquake</a> event, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/malnutrition-in-india-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">malnutrition</a></strong> among children, or dynamic like a <strong>moving vehicle</strong> or pedestrian, the<strong> spread of an infectious disease.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It combines Information on:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Location, </strong></li>
<li><strong>Attribute</strong> (the characteristics of the object, event, or phenomena concerned),</li>
<li><strong>Temporal or time.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The past decade has seen an increase in the use of geo-spatial data in daily life with various apps such as <strong>food delivery, <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/e-commerce-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener">e-commerce</a> or even weather apps.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Current State of the Geo-Spatial Sector:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Strict Restriction:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There are <strong>strict restrictions on the collection, storage, use, sale, dissemination</strong> of geo-spatial data and mapping under the current regime.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Renewal:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The policy had not been renewed in decades and has been driven by <strong>internal as well as external security concerns. </strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Dominated by Government:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The sector so far is dominated by the Indian government as well as government-run agencies such as the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/sahyog-app-survey-of-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Survey of India</strong></a> and <strong>private companies need to navigate a system of permissions</strong> from different departments of the government (depending on the kind of data to be created) as well as the defence and Home Ministries, to be able to collect, create or disseminate geo-spatial data.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>New Policy:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Open Access:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Open access to its geospatial data and services, including maps, for all Indian entities, with the <strong>exception of sensitive defence or security-related data.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Restrictions Removed:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Indian corporations and innovators are<strong> no longer subject to restrictions nor do they require prior approvals</strong> before they collect, generate, prepare, disseminate, store, publish, update digital geospatial data and maps within the territory of India. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There shall be <strong>no requirement for security clearance, licence</strong> or any other restrictions.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Reason for Deregulation of Geo-Spacial Data:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Delayed Projects:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>System of acquiring licenses or permission, and the <strong>red tape involved, took months, delaying projects,</strong> especially those that are in mission mode &ndash; for both Indian companies as well as government agencies.</li>
<li>The deregulation eliminates the requirement of permissions as well as scrutiny, even for security concerns. <strong>Indian companies now can self-attest, conforming to government guidelines</strong> without actually having to be monitored by a government agency- these guidelines therefore place a great deal of trust in Indian entities.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Lack of Data:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There is also a huge lack of data in the country which <strong>impedes planning for infrastructure, development and businesses</strong> which are data-based.</li>
<li>The mapping of the entire country, that too with high accuracy, by the Indian government alone could take decades.</li>
<li>The government therefore felt an urgent <strong>need to incentivise</strong> the geo-spatial sector for Indian companies and increased investment from private players in the sector.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Changing Needs:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>For decades, geo-spatial data has been a priority for strategic reasons and for internal and external security concerns, this priority has seen a shift in the past 15 years.</li>
<li>Initially conceptualised as a matter solely concerned with security, geo-spatial data collection was the prerogative of the defence forces and the government. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/coast-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Geographic Information System (GIS)</strong> </a>mapping was also rudimentary, with the government investing heavily in it after the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/kargil-vijay-diwas" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Kargil war</strong></a> highlighted the dependence on foreign data and the need for indigenous sources of data..</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Geo-spatial data has now become imperative for the government in <strong>planning for infrastructure, development, social development, natural calamities as well as the economy,</strong> with more and more sectors such as agriculture, environment protection, power, water, transportation, communication, health (tracking of diseases, patients, hospitals etc) relying heavily on this data</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Global Push:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There has also been a global push for open access to geo-spatial as it affects the lives of ordinary citizens.</li>
<li>Large amounts of<strong> geo-spatial data are also available on global platforms,</strong> which makes the regulation of data that is freely available in other countries, untenable.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Impact of Deregulation:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Increased Competitiveness:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>By liberalising the system, the government will <strong>ensure more players in the field, competitiveness of Indian companies in the global market,</strong> and more accurate data available to both the government to formulate plans and administer, but also for individual Indians.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>New Employment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Startups and businesses can now also use this data in setting up their concerns, especially in the sector of e-commerce or geo-spatial based apps &ndash; which in turn will<strong> increase employment in these sectors.</strong></li>
<li>Indian companies will be able to develop indigenous apps.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Increased Public-Private Partnership:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>There is also likely to be an increase in public-private partnerships with the opening of this sector with data collection companies working with the Indian government on various sectoral projects.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Increased Investment:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The government also expects an increase in investment in the geo-spatial sector by companies, and also an increase in export of data to foreign companies and countries, which in turn<strong> will boost the economy.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/india-is-putting-out-its-mapping-geospatial-data-available-for-general-use/article33842056.ece#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20new%20guidelines%20for%20Maps,lawyer%2C%20said%20in%20a%20tweet." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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	(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {

		'article_id' => (int) 7632,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Parivar Pehchan Patra and Privacy Concerns',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, there has been a privacy concern with respect to <strong>Haryana's Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) Scheme.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Although enrollment under the scheme is voluntary, but the <strong>precondition of linking it</strong> to get the benefit of many essential services has raised serious concerns about the scheme.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Current Issue:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Contradictory Position:</strong> Although the enrollment under the PPP is<strong> voluntary,</strong> but in case a citizen or a family wishes to apply for a service delivered by the Haryana government, the PPP ID would be <strong>required,</strong> which leaves very little choice before the residents.</li>
<li><strong>Data Abuse:</strong> In the absence of <strong>privacy laws</strong> in India, or any indication of data protection<strong> Standard Operating Procedures</strong> being followed for this exercise, there is strong possibility of<strong> potential abuse</strong> of the data collected under the PPP. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Moreover, a lot of data which is being sought is well above and beyond what is required for the delivery of a particular service.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP) Scheme:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Background:</strong> PPP scheme was formally launched in July 2019 to achieve Haryana government&rsquo;s vision for<strong> &lsquo;paperless&rsquo; and &lsquo;faceless&rsquo;</strong> delivery of schemes, services and benefits offered by the state government.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Under this, each family is considered a<strong> single unit</strong> and gets an <strong>8-digit unique identification number,</strong> called <strong>family ID.</strong></li>
<li>Family IDs are also linked to independent schemes like <strong>scholarships, subsidies and pensions,</strong> so as to ensure consistency and reliability.</li>
<li>It also enables <strong>automatic selection</strong> of beneficiaries of various schemes, subsidies and pensions.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong> The primary objective of <strong>Parivar Pehchan Patra (PPP)</strong> is to create <strong>authentic, verified and reliable data</strong> of all families in Haryana.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Benefits of PPP:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Family as a Unit:</strong> Union government&rsquo;s<strong> Aadhaar card</strong> contains individual&rsquo;s details and does not cater to the entire family as a unit.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Although the <strong>ration card system</strong> is there, it is<strong> not updated</strong> and does not contain <strong>adequate family records.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Smooth Service Delivery:</strong> Government services and schemes such as<strong> social security pensions, ration cards and birth, death, caste and income certificates etc.</strong> are being delivered by various departments of the Haryana government through PPP.</li>
<li><strong>Beneficial for Migrant Workers: Registration IDs</strong> are provided to those who live in Haryana but have <strong>not completed residency requirements.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>This enables the State government to provide benefits such as rations from fair price shops, benefits of labour schemes, street vendors&rsquo; support schemes, etc.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>PPP vs Aadhaar</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>While Aadhaar represents an<strong> individual as a unit,</strong> a PPP represents a<strong> family as a unit</strong> and this is where PPP is important because, most of our government schemes are <strong>structured around the family,</strong> not around an <strong>individual.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>For example, <strong>ration eligibility</strong> is there for the family but the family can split it into various members as long as they are above 18 years and say they are separating entitlements for all individuals.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>Way Forward</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The PPP may also be linked to <strong>property records</strong> in the government database of lands and properties to prevent<strong> fraudulent transactions</strong> and<strong> clarify ownership.</strong></li>
<li>Besides, the government should start a<strong> mass campaign</strong> to make people aware about the <strong>schemes and its benefits.</strong></li>
<li>Government should also introduce<strong> measures</strong> to strengthen the security of <strong>data</strong> being collected under the <strong>Parivar Pehchan Patra</strong> (PPP) scheme.</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/privacy-concerns-over-haryanas-id-scheme/article33763956.ece" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7567,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => '35th Pragati Meeting',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Prime Minister of India recently chaired the 35<sup>th</sup> edition of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/pragati-meeting-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pro-Active Governance And Timely Implementation (PRAGATI)</strong></a> - the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based multimodal platform, involving Central and State governments.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>Ten projects were taken for review involving a total investment of Rs. 54,675 crore. A review of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/janaushadhi-week" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana</strong></a> was also taken.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Launched in 2015, PRAGATI is the multimodal platform for Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation involving central and state governments.</li>
<li>It has been designed by the Prime Minister&rsquo;s Office (PMO) team with the help of the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/nic-and-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Informatics Center (NIC)</strong></a>.</li>
<li>It enables the PM to discuss the issues with the concerned central and state officials with full information and latest visuals of the ground-level situation.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The PRAGATI platform uniquely bundles <strong>three latest technologies:</strong> Digital data management, video-conferencing and geo-spatial technology.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>It is a<strong> three-tier system</strong> (PMO, Union Government Secretaries, and Chief Secretaries of the States).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Grievance Redressal.</li>
<li>Programme Implementation.</li>
<li>Project Monitoring.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It promotes <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/cooperative-and-competitive-federalism-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>cooperative federalism</strong></a> as it brings together the Secretaries of Government of India and the Chief Secretaries of the States.</li>
<li>It is a robust system for bringing e-transparency and e-accountability with real-time presence and exchange among the key stakeholders.</li>
<li>It is an innovative project in <a href="/to-the-points/Paper2/e-governance-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>e-governance</strong></a> and <a href="/to-the-points/paper4/good-governance-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>good governance</strong></a>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Concerns:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The direct interaction of the PM with the state secretaries without involving the political executives of the states is undermining the state political executive.</li>
<li>It is also said that this is leading to a concentration of power in the extra-constitutional office of PMO.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/policy/pm-chairs-pragati-meeting/article33678112.ece/amp/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:TH</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7514,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Regulatory Compliance Portal: DPIIT',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)</strong> has launched a<strong> regulatory compliance portal</strong> that will act as a bridge for citizens, industries and the government <strong>to minimise burdensome compliances.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>DPIIT</strong> comes under the <strong>Ministry of Commerce and Industry.</strong> It is acting as the <strong>nodal department</strong> for coordinating the exercise of minimizing regulatory compliance burden for citizens and businesses which have an adverse impact on time and cost of businesses.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Objective:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Reduce the <strong>compliance burden,</strong> simplify further the <strong>citizen-government interface</strong> whether online or offline, and <strong>remove antiquated and obsolete acts</strong> which don&rsquo;t add value.</li>
<li>To<strong> boost manufacturing and make Indian industry competitive,</strong> there are issues of quality and manufacturing of scale but the <strong>compliance burden is a major cost.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Portal:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>All <strong>Central Ministries/Departments and States/UTs</strong> would <strong>examine laws</strong>/regulations/rules under their purview and<strong> implement an Action Plan to</strong> rationalize and simplify all the processes and <strong>remove burdensome compliances, decriminalize laws and repeal redundant Acts.</strong> These <strong>details would be captured and tracked on the Regulatory Compliance Portal.</strong></li>
<li>It will act as a<strong> first-of-its-kind central online repository</strong> of all central and State-level compliances.</li>
<li><strong>Industry stakeholders</strong> from trade bodies such as<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/fiscal-performance-index" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> CII</strong></a>, <strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/india-asean-expo-and-summit" target="_blank" rel="noopener">FICCI</a> and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/international-conference-on-electric-mobility" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ASSOCHAM</a></strong> would also <strong>submit recommendations</strong> to minimize the regulatory compliance burden.</li>
<li><strong>Customized reports</strong> of action taken by each Ministry/Department and State/UT will also get generated for monitoring and evaluation.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Other Related Steps:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ease-of-doing-business-rankings-of-the-states-dpiit" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Business Reform Action Plan (BRAP) ranking of states</strong> </a>was started in 2015. BRAP 2019 contained a list of 80 reforms (187 reform action points) to be implemented by 19 State departments. These reforms covered 12 business regulatory areas such as Access to Information, Single Window System, Labour, Environment, etc.</li>
<li><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/industrial-corridors-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Industrial Corridors</strong> </a>are being developed with the objective of fast-tracking growth and facilitating development of a well-planned and resource-efficient industrial base served by world-class sustainable connectivity infrastructure, bringing significant benefits in terms of innovation, manufacturing, job creation and resource security to the nation.</li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/united-nations-investment-promotion-award-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Invest India</strong> </a>is the National Investment Promotion and Facilitation Agency of India. It is transforming the country&rsquo;s investment climate by simplifying the business environment for investors.&nbsp;Recently it was even declared as <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/united-nations-investment-promotion-award-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>winner of the United Nations Investment Promotion Award 2020</strong></a> announced by the <strong>United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).</strong></li>
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/assessment-of-make-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Make in India initiative</strong></a> was launched in 2014, along with action plans for 25 sectors with the objective of facilitating investment, fostering innovation, building best in class manufacturing infrastructure, making it easy to do business and enhancing skill development.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Rise of India&rsquo;s rank in <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/ease-of-doing-business-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">World Bank&rsquo;s Ease of Doing Business Report</a></strong> from 142<sup>nd</sup> in 2014 to 63<sup>rd</sup> in 2019.</li>
<li>The steps taken will be instrumental in achieving the vision of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/atmanirbhar-bharat-and-economic-stimulus" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Atmanirbhar Bharat</strong></a> and help usher ease of doing business for industry and ease of living for citizens.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1690454" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7496,
		'category_id' => (int) 15,
		'title' => 'The Big Picture: India and the Vaccination Drive',
		'description' => '<p style="text-align: center;"><iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LVQqL5w33XM" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe></p>
<h3>Why in News?</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>India began the<strong> "World's Largest Vaccination Program"</strong> on January 16, 2021.</li>
<li>The Prime Minister of India said that India is entering a decisive phase of vaccination in the fight against <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/covid-19-and-medical-solutions" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>COVID-19</strong></a>, with the approval of two <strong>made-in-India COVID-19 vaccines.</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The PM has also said that two vaccines are more cost-effective than any other in the world and that India&rsquo;s vaccine production &amp; delivery capacity will be used to help all humanity in fighting this crisis.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is India's <strong>first ever adult vaccination drive.</strong></li>
<li>The <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/no-clinical-trials-in-india-for-new-drugs" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Drug Controller General of India (DCGI)</strong></a> has granted the<strong> emergency-use approval</strong> for two indigenous vaccines: <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/phase-ii-iii-clinical-trials-of-covishield" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>COVISHIELD</strong></a> by <strong>Serum Institute of India</strong> and <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/covaxin-approved-for-human-clinical-trials" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>COVAXIN</strong></a> by <strong>Bharat Biotech.</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The two vaccines are found to be safe and no major side effects are expected. However, little pain or redness in the skin can be observed.</li>
<li>The vaccines have gone through preclinical animal experiments on animals like rabbits, mice and hamsters followed by non-human primates.</li>
<li>Out of the two vaccines, <strong>Covaxin is an inactivated vaccine</strong> whereas <strong>Covishield is a live vaccine.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>In the <strong>first phase of vaccination,</strong> the first 3 crore people to be vaccinated include the healthcare workers and frontline workers.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The cost of vaccination of these people will be borne by the government.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/inactivated-virus-vaccine-in-focus-for-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Live and Inactivated Vaccines</strong></a></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Live Vaccines:</strong> They <strong>use a weakened (or attenuated) form of the germ</strong> that causes a disease.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Because these vaccines are so similar to the natural infection that they help prevent, they create a strong and long-lasting immune response.</li>
<li><strong>Note:</strong> As they contain a small amount of the weakened live virus, people with weakened immune systems, long-term health problems, or people who&rsquo;ve had an organ transplant should not be given these vaccines without any prior consultation with the healthcare provider.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Inactivated vaccine:</strong> Active pathogens are grown in large numbers and then killed either by a chemical or heat. Although the pathogen is killed, or made to lose its reproduction capacity, various parts of the pathogen are intact. E.g The antigen (the chemical structure) that is recognised by the immune system is left unimpaired.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>As the pathogen is dead, it cannot reproduce nor cause even a mild disease. Thus, it is safe to administer to even people with lesser immunity, like the old and those who have comorbidity.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>India and Vaccines</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>At present <strong>80-90% of the world&rsquo;s</strong> whole <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/measles-2" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Measles</strong></a> vaccine is provided by India.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>India supplies all the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/measles-and-rubella-in-who-sear" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Rubella</strong></a> vaccines to <strong>South America.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The indigenous developed <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/reverse-vaccinology" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>meningococcal vaccine</strong></a> of India is supplied to the entire <strong>Sub-Saharan Africa.</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Meningococcal meningitis</strong> is caused by <strong>Neisseria meningitidis bacteria.</strong> It is a serious infection of the thin lining that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The indigenous <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/rotavirus-vaccination-drive" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>rotavirus vaccine</strong></a> is going to 16 countries in the world.</li>
<li>Various novel vaccines have been introduced by India, such as the world&rsquo;s first<strong> subunit rabies vaccine. It</strong> has been approved by the Drug Controller General of India.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Subunit vaccines</strong> are composed of <strong>protein or glycoprotein components of a pathogen</strong> that are capable of inducing a protective immune response and may be produced by conventional biochemical or recombinant DNA technologies.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Government Strategy For Smooth and Effective Drive</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Preparatory measures:</strong> The key preparatory aspects that have been undertaken include the physical infrastructure, human resources and training of the vaccinators.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>The digital aspect:</strong> The government has launched the<strong> Co-WIN application</strong> for the registration of the citizens and to generate digital certificates of vaccination.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Community participation:</strong> Besides preparatory aspects, the <strong>community participation</strong> has also been emphasised by the Prime Minister. He has urged all to come forward and help in eliminating <strong>vaccine hesitancy.</strong></li>
<li><strong>Beneficiary identification:</strong> Separate templates have been developed for the healthcare workers and the frontline workers.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>People above the age of 50 who have comorbidities will be the next to be vaccinated.</li>
<li><strong>Aadhar</strong> will also be used for the beneficiary identification.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Steps Need to be Taken</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Spreading awareness:</strong> Leaders, influential people and healthcare workers who will be vaccinated need to come forward and help spreading awareness about the vaccine.</li>
<li><strong>Effective collaboration:</strong> Effective and decentralised implementation with the collaboration of centre, state, communities and health care workers.</li>
<li><strong>Proper training:</strong> Ensuring proper training of vaccinators and adopting measures to maintain temperature of vaccines.</li>
<li><strong>Monitoring:</strong> Keeping watch of any side effects that may arise due to vaccines and adopting measures to be used in an emergency for such situations.</li>
</ul>
<div class="border-bg">
<p><strong>The Co-WIN Application</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>To <strong>monitor the inoculation drive and track the listed beneficiaries for vaccination</strong> on a real-time basis, the central government has developed<strong> Covid Vaccine Intelligence Network or Co-WIN application.</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Co-WIN will facilitate <strong>real time information of vaccine stocks and storage temperature</strong> during the COVID-19 vaccination drive.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The app will be used as a back-end software during COVID-19 vaccination drive, starting from Saturday.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The self-registration module of Co-WIN App has not been released yet.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3>Challenges</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Vaccine hesitancy:</strong> Either they are common people, or the frontline workers, vaccine hesitancy, if exists, it may obstruct the smooth implementation of the vaccination drive.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>If the healthcare workers are hesitant about getting vaccinated, it will not create a good impact among common people as they are the role model for the people who will be vaccinated next.</li>
<li>There is uncertainty and suspicion about the side effects of the vaccine.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Issues with the Co-WIN App:</strong> Issues such as loss of internet connectivity are expected to be faced in the app, which could cause problems while tracking the vaccine stocks, or in the updation of data of the beneficiaries.</li>
<li><strong>Lack of experience:</strong> The Covid-19 Vaccination drive is India&rsquo;s first ever large scale immunisation programme. There is a lack of experience due to which the chances of mistakes are likely to happen.</li>
<li><strong>Vaccine wastage:</strong> Each vaccine vial contains 10 doses and must be used within 4 hours of opening. This could lead to vaccine wastage.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Way forward</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Eliminating vaccine hesitancy:</strong> The covid-19 vaccines are for adults, the communication is required in order to resolve the confusions and to eliminate the vaccine hesitancy.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Engagement with the community based organisations and spreading awareness by educating people about the vaccine.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Janbhagidari:</strong> Community partnership or janbhagidari should be emphasised.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>People should take the vaccine and spread the word about the efficacy and security of the vaccine.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Preventing vaccine wastage:</strong> organised appointment for vaccinations, ensuring once opened, the vaccine is surely utilised and not wasted.</li>
<li><strong>Continuing the flow of vaccines:</strong> Taking lessons from other countries, India should continue the flow of vaccines.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The US got stalled because they started to store the second dose of vaccines too. India should continue the flow of vaccines to the areas where it is required.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Vaccination + covid-appropriate behaviour:</strong> Neither Covid appropriate behaviour nor vaccination is enough alone. Both have to go hand in hand in order to completely eliminate the pandemic.
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Covid-appropriate behaviour:</strong>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Wearing the mask properly.</li>
<li>Washing hands regularly as hygiene is very important.</li>
<li>Following the physical distancing of 6 feet.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Tracking the virus:</strong> The new variants of virus found till date are manageable but it is important to constantly look for emergence of any vaccine resistant virus.</li>
<li><strong>Looking after the immunogenicity:</strong> Looking up at the immunogenicity of the vaccine; how long does the effect of the vaccine lasts and how the cell-mediated immune responses are developing.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>India has now emerged as a global covid vaccine hub which is done not only by manufacturing or developing vaccines but also ensuring how it will be transported and how the entire vaccination drive has to be done.</li>
<li>For the world&rsquo;s largest vaccination against covid-19, a multi-prong approach is required including educating people, following the vaccination process, keeping a check on new strains of virus, maintaining the records of essential data of the beneficiaries and refining our strategy.</li>
<li>Vaccine hesitancy is the main obstruction in the smooth vaccination drive, in order to defeat the pandemic, vaccine hesitancy should be eliminated first as It is not the vaccine but vaccination that prevents an infection.</li>
</ul>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7435,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Single Window Clearance for Coal',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the Union government has announced a new <strong>online single window clearance portal for the </strong><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/investment-in-coal-mining" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>coal</strong></a><strong> sector.</strong></p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The coal sector can be the<strong> biggest contributor</strong> towards the target of<a href="/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-editorials/19-07-2019#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20economic%20survey,economy%20in%20the%20near%20future." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> India becoming a USD 5 trillion economy by 2025.</strong></a></li>
<li>Despite having the <strong>world's fourth-largest coal reserves,</strong> India is<strong> importing coal.</strong></li>
<li>The next tranche of commercial mining auction would be<strong> launched in January 2021.</strong></li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Aim :</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>It is aimed at<strong> allowing faster clearances,</strong> including<strong> environmental and forest clearances,</strong> from a<strong> single portal</strong> with progress monitoring, instead of having to go to multiple authorities.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Presently, about <strong>19 major approvals, or clearances are required before starting the coal mine</strong> in the country.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Significance:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The portal will allow successful bidders to <strong>operationalise coal mines more quickly.</strong></li>
<li>It is in the spirit of <strong>minimum government and maximum governance.</strong></li>
<li>It will further<a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/steps-to-boost-ease-of-doing-business" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong> ease of doing business</strong> </a>in the country's coal sector.</li>
<li>It will help in bringing <strong>huge investment and creating employment.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Future Plan:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong><a href="/daily-news-analysis/important-facts-for-prelims-1st-january-2019" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PARIVESH</a> Mechanism</strong> for forest and environment related clearances would likely be <strong>merged into this single window clearance mechanism</strong> which is expected to<strong> help with the operationalisation of the coals blocks</strong> that are set to be auctioned in the upcoming auctions.<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>PARIVESH</strong> is a <strong>web-based application</strong> which has been developed for online submission and monitoring of the proposals submitted by the proponents for <strong>seeking Environment, Forest, Wildlife and Coastal Regulation Zones (CRZ) Clearances from Central, State and district level authorities.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Recent Initiatives in Coal Sector:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>As a part of Atmanirbhar Abhiyaan:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/coal-sector-reforms#:~:text=Announced%20Reforms%20In%20Coal%20Sector,offered%20to%20the%20private%20sector.&amp;text=Coal%20blocks%20to%20be%20offered,through%20rebate%20in%20revenue%20share." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Commercial mining</strong></a> of coal allowed, with 50 blocks to be offered to the private sector.</li>
<li><strong>Entry norms will be liberalised</strong> as it has done away with the regulation requiring power plants to use &ldquo;washed&rdquo; coal.</li>
<li><strong>Coal blocks to be offered to private companies on revenue sharing basis</strong> in place of fixed cost.</li>
<li><strong>Coal gasification/liquefaction</strong> to be incentivised through rebate in revenue share.</li>
<li><strong>Coal bed methane (CBM)</strong> extraction rights to be auctioned from Coal India&rsquo;s coal mines.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>UTTAM (Unlocking Transparency by Third Party Assessment of Mined Coal):</strong> In April 2018, the Ministry of Coal launched <a href="/to-the-points/paper3/coal-sector-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>UTTAM Application</strong></a> for coal quality monitoring.</li>
<li><strong>Scheme for Harnessing and Allocating Koyala (Coal) Transparently in India (SHAKTI):</strong> Launched in May 2017, for allocation of future coal linkages in a transparent manner for the power sector.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-what-is-the-new-single-window-clearance-for-coal-how-will-it-help-7142233/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:IE</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7382,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Freight Business Development Portal: Railways',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The <strong>Ministry of Railways</strong> has launched an<strong> exclusive portal to promote and develop the railways&rsquo; freight business</strong> - Freight Business Development Portal.</p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>Background:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>With<strong> passenger train services suspended due to the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/coronavirus-disease-named-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">coronavirus</a>&nbsp;</strong>crisis, the<strong> railways is banking heavily on freight revenues </strong>for its earnings.</li>
<li>The <strong>Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL),</strong> a government enterprise under the administrative control of the Ministry of Railways, is carrying out the construction of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/dedicated-freight-corridor-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>3,342-km eastern and western freight corridors</strong></a> for exclusive movement of goods trains.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>About the Portal:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>This<strong> first of its kind dedicated Freight portal</strong> will ensure that all operations stay <strong>customer centric, reduce the costs for logistics</strong> providers, provide <strong>online tracking facility for suppliers</strong> and also simplify the process of goods transportation.</li>
<li>The aim is to <strong>replace physical processes with online ones</strong> to minimize the need of human to human interaction.</li>
<li>The portal has a focus on <strong>ease of doing business</strong> and to bring more transparency and to provide professional support.</li>
<li>The Railways <strong>has also invited aggregators, truckers, warehouse owners and labour providers</strong> to offer their services to its more than 9,000 freight customers at over 4,000 freight terminals.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1686228" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7343,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'Digital India Awards 2020',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>Recently, the <strong>President of India</strong> has conferred <strong>Digital India Awards 2020.</strong></p>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Awards:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>Digital India Awards have been institutionalized under the ambit of<strong> National Portal of India</strong> to honor exemplary initiatives/<strong>practices in Digital-Governance.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>National Portal of India:</strong> It is a <strong>Flagship Project</strong> to facilitate single window access to Government Information and Services in cyberspace.</li>
<li><strong>Digital-Governance:</strong> It is a framework for establishing accountability, roles, and decision-making authority for an organization's digital presence.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>These are <strong>conducted by the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/nic-and-covid-19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Informatics Centre</a> (NIC)</strong> under the Ministry of Electronics &amp; Information Technology (MeitY).</li>
<li>The Awards <strong>have been held for 5 seasons earlier,</strong> in 2009, 2012, 2014, 2016 &amp; 2018. The Awards were initially known as <strong>Web Ratna Awards until 2014</strong> and were <strong>re-named</strong> Digital India Awards<strong> from the 2016 season.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Awards 2020:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>22 digital governance initiatives</strong>/products by Government entities <strong>under seven categories</strong> received Digital India Awards 2020 for designing and implementing innovative citizen-centric digital solutions and improving the ease of living for all citizens. <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>'Innovation in Pandemic award&rsquo;</strong> was introduced this year.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The award <strong>also acknowledges States and Union Territories</strong> that display exemplary initiative in establishing a comprehensive digital presence in sectors like health, labour, finance, social justice and environment, leading to the accomplishment of <strong><a href="/to-the-points/paper3/sustainable-development-3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sustainable Development Goals</a> (SDG).</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Notable Winners:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>E-committee of Supreme court of India:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/e-courts-3#:~:text=The%20e-Courts%20project%20was,by%20ICT%20enablement%20of%20Courts." target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>E-Courts project</strong> </a>visioned and implemented by the e-Committee along with Department of Justice and NIC is a Mission Mode Project of Government of India.</li>
<li>Citizens can access case status, causelist court orders anywhere, any time through e-courts services website, mobile app, sms email services from the 3,293 court complexes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Arogya Setu:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is a <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/aarogya-setu-app-a-technological-solutionism" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>mobile application</strong></a> developed by the Government of India to connect essential health services with the people of India in a fight against Covid-19.</li>
<li>The App is <strong>aimed at augmenting the initiatives of the Government of India,</strong> particularly the Department of Health, in proactively reaching out to and informing the users of the app regarding risks, best practices and relevant advisories <strong>pertaining to the containment of Covid-19.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>eOffice:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is a <strong>Mission Mode Project under the National E-Governance Plan,</strong> developed and implemented by NIC.</li>
<li>It is a <strong>digital workplace solution.</strong> The vision of eOffice is to achieve a simplified, responsive, <strong>effective and transparent working of all government offices.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>eSanjeevani:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It is a <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/telemedicine-service-platform-esanjeevani" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>digital platform</strong></a> <strong>of the Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare.</strong></li>
<li>It has enabled <strong>two types of telemedicine services</strong> viz. Doctor-to-Doctor (eSanjeevani) and Patient-to-Doctor (eSanjeevani OPD) Tele-consultations.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Bihar Sahayata Mobile App:</strong> <br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It was an innovative initiative <strong>to transfer money directly to the bank accounts of 21 lakh stranded migrant workers outside the state.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Madhya Pradesh Labour Department&rsquo;s Pravasi Shramik and Rojgar Setu Portals:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>These <a href="/printpdf/rozgar-setu-scheme-madhya-pradesh" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>gateways</strong></a> have been recognised for facilitating identification, registration, skilling plus <strong>employment of migrants and other workers</strong> during the novel coronavirus pandemic.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>States:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li><strong>Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal</strong> won the Award under &lsquo;Excellence in Digital Governance - State / UT&rsquo; category.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1684583" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source: PIB</strong></a></p>',
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		'article_id' => (int) 7333,
		'category_id' => (int) 21,
		'title' => 'National Summit on Good, Replicable Practices & Innovations',
		'description' => '<h3>Why in News</h3>
<p>The Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare digitally inaugurated the<strong> 7<sup>th</sup> National Summit on Good, Replicable Practices &amp; Innovations</strong> through a video conference.</p>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>The <strong>New Health Management Information System</strong> (HMIS) along with the <strong>Operational Guidelines for <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/global-tuberculosis-report-2019-who#:~:text=The%20strategy%20aims%20to%20end,2020%2C%202025%2C%20and%202030." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tuberculosis</a> services at <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-editorials/ayushmanbharat" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ayushman Bharat-Health and Wellness Centres</a></strong> and the <strong>Operational Guidelines 2020 on Active Case Detection and Regular Surveillance for <a href="/mind-map/gs-paper2/leprosy-4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Leprosy</a></strong> was launched at the Summit.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Points</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li><strong>About the Summit:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>The <strong>Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare</strong> holds the <strong>National Summit on Good, Replicable Practices and Innovations in Public Healthcare Systems in India.</strong></li>
<li>The<strong> first such summit was held in 2013 at Srinagar</strong> to recognize, showcase and document <strong>various best practices and innovations in the public healthcare system.</strong></li>
<li>The practices and innovation presented in these summits span across programmatic areas ranging from <strong>RMNCH+A (Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Child Health and Adolescent Health) </strong>to<strong> communicable diseases</strong> (including Tuberculosis, <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/world-malaria-day" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Malaria</strong> </a>and other vector borne diseases and Leprosy) to new areas of <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/non-communicable-diseases-in-india" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Non-Communicable Disease</strong></a> control programmes.</li>
<li>They also include innovations that apply systems thinking to health problems such as the use of information technology to strengthen continuum of care, and to address human resource shortages and challenges in capacity building.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Highlights of the 7<sup>th</sup> National Summit:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li>In the year 2020, 210 new initiatives were uploaded by the States and UTs in the <strong>National Healthcare Innovation Portal.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>National Health Innovation Portal was launched to serve as a platform in the public domain to facilitate<strong> collection and dissemination of good practices and innovations</strong> that are found to be replicable.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The <a href="/printpdf/covid-19-now-pandemic-who" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Covid-19 pandemic</strong></a> has made the country <strong>self-reliant</strong> in the area of manufacturing of <strong>PPE kit, Ventilator, mask, vaccine</strong> etc.</li>
<li>More than<strong> 1 million tele-consultations</strong> have been done on the <a href="/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/telemedicine-service-platform-esanjeevani" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>e-Sanjeevani digital platform of the Health Ministry.</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>e-Sanjeevani is a doctor to <strong>doctor telemedicine system, b</strong>eing implemented under the <strong>Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centre (AB-HWCs) programme.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Department of Health and Family Welfare</strong> has won the <strong>Digital India award 2020</strong> under the<strong> Open Data Champion category</strong> for the<strong> e-Sanjeevani digital platform.</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <strong>National Informatics Centre (NIC),</strong> under Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY), has been conducting the <strong>biennial Digital India Awards</strong> to promote innovation in <strong>eGovernance and digital transformation of government service delivery mechanism.</strong></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Digital transformation has enabled the country to develop a national digital health ecosystem that supports <strong>Universal Health Coverage</strong> in an<strong> efficient, accessible, inclusive, affordable, timely and safe manner.</strong></li>
<li>There is a need to <strong>involve and integrate</strong> the <strong>grassroots healthcare workers</strong> for brainstorming on the innovations in the healthcare ecosystem, and benefit from the collective wisdom which emanates from<strong> years of experience and expertise</strong> of working with people&rsquo;s health delivery systems.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Recent Examples of Health Digitisation:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><a href="/printpdf/national-digital-health-mission" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Digital Health Mission (NDHM):</strong></a><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>The <strong>NDHM</strong> is a<strong> complete digital health ecosystem.</strong> The digital platform will be launched with <strong>four key features:</strong> health ID, personal health records, Digi Doctor and health facility registry.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="/pdf/1590581234-arogya-setu-app-an-open-source.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Aarogya Setu App</a>:</strong><br />
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>It has an objective of enabling bluetooth based contact tracing and mapping of likely hotspots and dissemination of relevant information about Covid-19.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Health Management Information System</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: square;">
<li>It is a <strong>Government to Government (G2G) web-based Monitoring Information System</strong> to monitor the <a href="/printpdf/national-health-mission-and-janani-suraksha-yojana" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>National Health Mission</strong></a> and other Health programmes and provide key inputs for policy formulation and appropriate programme interventions.</li>
<li>HMIS was launched in <strong>October 2008.</strong> Currently, around 2 lakh health facilities (across all States/UTs) upload facility wise<strong> service delivery data</strong> on monthly basis, <strong>training data</strong> on quarterly basis and <strong>infrastructure related data</strong> on annual basis on HMIS web portal.</li>
<li>HMIS has been utilised in<strong> Grading of Health Facilities, identifications of <a href="/search/Aspirational%20districts%20programme" target="_blank" rel="noopener">aspirational districts</a>, review of State Programme Implementation Plan</strong> (PIPs), etc.</li>
<li>The analytical reports generated through HMIS also <strong>provide gap analysis and evidence based course correction.</strong></li>
<li>HMIS <strong>captures facility-wise information</strong> as follows:<br />
<ul style="list-style-type: circle;">
<li><strong>Service Delivery</strong> (Reproductive, Maternal and Child Health related, Immunisation, family planning, Vector borne disease, Tuberculosis, Morbidity and Mortality, OPD, IPD Services, Surgeries etc.) data on a monthly basis.</li>
<li><strong>Training Data</strong> (Trainings imparted to Medicals and Paramedics staff at District and State level data) on quarterly basis.</li>
<li><strong>Infrastructure</strong> (Manpower, Equipment, Cleanliness, Building, Availability of Medical Services such as Surgery etc., Super Specialties services such as Cardiology etc., Diagnostics, Para Medical and Clinical Services etc.) data on annual basis.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>The HMIS Portal facilitates the flow of physical performance from the Facility level to the <strong>Sub-district, District, State and National level</strong> using a web based Health Management Information System (HMIS) interface.</li>
<li>The new HMIS provides a <strong>seamless online platform</strong> through the provision of a wide range of data, information and infrastructure services, duly leveraging <strong>open, interoperable, standards-based digital systems.</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1684130" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>Source:PIB</strong></a></p>',
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Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Element/articlebox.ctp, line 5
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::_renderElement() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1554
Cake\View\View::element() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 668
include - ROOT/plugins/Drishti/src/Template/Articles/tags.ctp, line 61
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 765
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 623
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 125
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93

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