State PCS - Chhattisgarh (CGPSC)

• 13 May 2025

PMAY–G in Chhattisgarh

Why in News? 

Union Agriculture and Rural Development Minister Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan is going to review the implementation of Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana–Gramin (PMAY–G) and PM Janman Yojana by the Chhattisgarh government in Raipur. 

Key Points 

• About the Programme: 
  • The Minister will be the Chief Guest at the "Mor Awas Mor Adhikar" event at Ambikapur. 
  • He distributed house keys under PMAY–G and PM Janman Yojana and led the grih pravesh ceremony for 51,000 new PMAY beneficiaries. 
  • He also felicitated Self-Help Group (SHG) members and 'Lakhpati Didis' who have shown outstanding achievement in rural empowerment. 
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G): 
  • About: Launched in 2016, the PMAY-G aims to provide housing for the poorest segments of society. 
    • The selection of beneficiaries involves a thorough three-stage validation process, including the Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011, Gram Sabha approvals, and geo-tagging, ensuring that aid reaches the most deserving individuals.   
  • Under PMAY-G Beneficiaries Receive:  
    • Financial Assistance: Rs 1.20 lakh in plain areas and Rs 1.30 lakh in hilly states, including northeastern states and union territories.  
    • Additional Support for Toilets: Rs 12,000 for constructing toilets through convergence with schemes like Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin (SBM-G) or Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) or any other dedicated source of funding.  
    • Employment Support: Mandatory provision of 90/95 person-days of unskilled wage employment for beneficiaries through Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) for house construction.  
    • Basic Amenities: Access to water, Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and electricity connections through convergence with relevant schemes. 

• PM-JANMAN Scheme: 
  • PM JANMAN is a government scheme that aims to bring tribal communities into the mainstream. 
  • The scheme (comprising Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes) will be implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, in collaboration with the State governments and the PVTG communities. 
  • The scheme will concentrate on 11 critical interventions overseen by 9 line Ministries, ensuring the implementation of existing schemes in villages inhabited by PVTGs. 
    • It encompasses various sectors, including safe housing under the PM-AWAS Scheme, access to clean drinking water, improved healthcare, education, nutrition, road and telecommunications connectivity, as well as opportunities for sustainable livelihoods. 
  • The plan also includes the establishment of Van Dhan Vikas Kendras for trading in forest produce, off-grid solar power systems for 1 lakh households, and solar street lights. 

Self Help Groups (SHGs) 

• About: A Self Help Group is a self-governed, peer-controlled information group of people with similar socio-economic backgrounds and a desire to collectively perform a common purpose. 
  • An SHG normally consists of not less than five persons (with a maximum of twenty) of similar economic outlook and social status. 
• Origins of Self-Help Groups in India: 
  • Early Efforts (Pre-1970s): There were scattered instances of informal SHGs, particularly among women, for collective action and mutual support. 
  • SEWA (1972): The Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA), established by Ela Bhatt, is often considered a defining moment. 
    • It organised poor and self-employed women workers, providing a platform for income generation and advocacy. 
  • MYRADA and Pilot Programs (Mid-1980s): In the mid-1980s, Mysore Resettlement and Area Development Agencies (MYRADA) pioneered SHGs as a microfinance strategy to provide credit to the poor, especially women in rural areas. 
  • NABARD and SHG-Bank Linkage (1992): The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) launched the SHG-Bank Linkage Programme in 1992. 
    • This initiative connected SHGs with formal banking institutions, enabling access to credit and financial services for various groups. 
  • Government Recognition (1990s-Present): Since the 1990s, the Government has actively supported SHGs through various schemes like Swarn Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) and the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM). 
    • These initiatives have significantly expanded the reach and impact of the SHG movement in India.