Felling of Khejri Trees

• 24 Jul 2025

Why in News? 

A significant environmental conflict has emerged in Rajasthan’s Thar Desert, particularly in Bikaner district, as solar energy companies begin felling centuries-old Khejri trees for land acquisition.  

• This clash between ‘greenery’ (the preservation of the environment) and ‘green energy’ (solar power development) has led to widespread protests, with local farmers and environmentalists demanding stricter tree protection laws. 

Key Points  

Khejri Trees 

• About: Khejri or Khejdi (Prosopis cineraria), also known as shami in Rajasthan, is a hardy, drought-resistant tree that has been a symbol of survival in the harsh desert. 
  • Khejri trees that are hundreds of years old are easily found in the fields of the western districts of Rajasthan.  
  • The Khejri leaves, locally called luk, are used as nutritious feed for domestic animals such as camels, goats, sheep, etc.  
    • The fruit Sangri is an important part of Rajasthani food. 
• Recognition: Khejri was officially declared Rajasthan’s state tree in 1983.  
  • Under this status, the state government imposed restrictions to protect the tree, including prohibiting felling it under the Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1965, and the Rajasthan Forest Act, 1953. 
• Cultural & Spiritual Importance: In 1730 AD, a small village located 26 km southeast of Jodhpur in Rajasthan became the site of one of the first and most intense environmental protection movements in India.  
  • The ‘martyrs’ (notably Amrita Devi) of this movement were members of the Bishnoi community, who gave their lives to protect the Khejri trees. 
  • In the 1970s, this sacrifice became the inspiration behind the Chipko Movement.  
• Alternative Strategies for Preservation: 
  • Environmentalists argue that solar power can be generated through alternatives that do not require large-scale deforestation.  
  • For example, solar panels can be installed on rooftops, government buildings, or even on long canals (similar to successful projects in Punjab).  
    • While these methods may be more expensive, they would safeguard the region's biodiversity.