Hot Topics 2020
Day 20
- 08 Aug 2020
- 16 min read
Welcome to the Prelims Refresher Programme 2020 - Article Page. On this page, we will provide you with 3 things:
- A list of topics for revision.
- A brief discussion of the topics if needed.
- Links to various sources for preparing these topics.
Modern History-3 (Freedom struggle- Post Gandhian Era)
Questions from modern history remain a very important topic for UPSC. A lot of questions have been asked over the years. Topics like the Rowlatt Act, Quit India Movement, Cripps Mission Indian National Congress sessions are asked repeatedly. Mostly, static questions on this topic are asked. One should go through any standard textbook.
Class XII History Textbook Theme-I
Class XII History Textbook Theme-II
Class XII History Textbook Theme-III
Gandhian Phase of Freedom Struggle
Q. With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements: (2019)
- Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of ‘indentured labour’.
- In Lord Chelmsford’s ‘War Conference’, Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
- Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Q. Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha? (2018)
(a) Active all-India participation of lawyers, students and women in the National Movement
(b) Active involvement of Dalit and Tribal communities of India in the National Movement
(c) Joining of peasant unrest to India’s National Movement
(d) Drastic decrease in the cultivation of plantation crop
Q. Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 1932, mainly because (2012)
(a) Round Table Conference failed to satisfy Indian political aspirations
(b) Congress and Muslim League had differences of opinion
(c) Ramsay Macdonald announced the Communal Award
(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct in this context
Q. What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda? (2011)
- The Administration did not suspend the land revenue collection in spite of a drought.
- The Administration proposed to introduce Permanent Settlement in Gujarat.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q. With which one of the following movements is the slogan “Do or Die” associated? (2009)
(a) Swadeshi Movement
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
Q. Which one of the following began with the Dandi March? (2009)
(a) Home Rule Movement
(b) Non-Cooperation Movement
(c) Civil Disobedience Movement
(d) Quit India Movement
Indian National Congress Sessions
Q. Which one of the following movements has contributed to a split in the Indian National Congress resulting in the emergence of ‘moderates’ and ‘extremists’? (2015)
(a) Swadeshi Movement
(b) Quit India Movement
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Q. Consider the following statements: (2015)
- The first woman President of the Indian National Congress was Sarojini Naidu.
- The first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress was Badruddin Tyabji.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q. The 1929 Session of Indian National Congress is of significance in the history of the Freedom Movement because the (2014)
(a) attainment of Self-Government was declared as the objective of the Congress
(b) attainment of Poorna Swaraj was adopted as the goal of the Congress
(c) Non-Cooperation Movement was launched
(d) decision to participate in the Round Table Conference in London was taken
Q. The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress (1929) is very important in history, because (2012)
- the Congress passed a resolution demanding complete independence
- the rift between the extremists and moderates was resolved in that Session
- a resolution was passed rejecting the two nation theory in that Session
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None of the above
Q. For the Karachi Session of Indian National Congress in 1931 presided over by Sardar Patel, who drafted the Resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Programme? (2010)
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(d) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Road Towards Independence
Q. With reference to Indian freedom struggle, consider the following events: (2017)
- Mutiny in Royal Indian Navy
- Quit India Movement launched
- Second Round Table Conference
What is the correct chronological sequence of the above events?
(a) 1 – 2– 3
(b) 2 – 1 – 3
(c) 3 – 2 – 1
(d) 3 – 1 – 2
Q. The plan of Sir Stafford Cripps envisaged that after the Second World War (2016)
(a) India should be granted complete independence
(b) India should be partitioned into two before granting independence
(c) India should be made a republic with the condition that she will join the Commonwealth
(d) India should be given Dominion status
Q. With reference to the Cabinet Mission, which of the following statements is/are correct? (2015)
- It recommended a federal government.
- It enlarged the powers of the Indian courts.
- It provided for more Indians in the ICS.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None
Q. The people of India agitated against the arrival of Simon Commission because (2013)
(a) Indians never wanted the review of the working of the Act of 1919
(b) Simon Commission recommended the abolition of Dyarchy (Diarchy) in the Provinces
(c) there was no Indian member in the Simon Commission
(d) the Simon Commission suggested the partition of the country
Q. Quit India Movement was launched in response to (2013)
(a) Cabinet Mission Plan
(b) Cripps Proposals
(c) Simon Commission Report
(d) Wavell Plan
Q. The Congress ministries resigned in the seven provinces in 1939, because (2012)
(a) the Congress could not form ministries in the other four provinces
(b) emergence of a left wing in the Congress made the working of the ministries impossible
(c) there were widespread communal disturbances in their provinces
(d) None of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct
Q. With reference to the period of Indian freedom struggle, which of the following was/were recommended by the Nehru report? (2011)
- Complete Independence for India.
- Joint electorates for reservation of seats for minorities.
- Provision of Fundamental Rights for the people of India in the Constitution.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Q. Which one of the following observations is not true about the Quit India Movement of 1942? (2011)
(a) It was a nonviolent movement
(b) It was led by Mahatma Gandhi
(c) It was a spontaneous movement
(d) It did not attract the labour class in general
Q. Who among the following were official Congress negotiators with Cripps Mission? (2010)
(a) Mahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel
(b) Acharya J.B. Kripalani and C. Rajagopalachari
(c) Pandit Nehru and Maulana Azad
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Rafi Ahmed Kidwai
Q. With reference to Simon Commission’s recommendations, which one of the following statements is correct? (2010)
(a) It recommended the replacement of diarchy with responsible government in the provinces
(b) It proposed the setting up of inter-provincial council under the Home Department
(c) It suggested the abolition of bicameral legislature at the Centre
(d) It recommended the creation of Indian Police Service with a provision for increased pay and allowances for British recruits as compared to Indian recruits
Q. After the Quit India Movement, C. Rajagopalachari issued a pamphlet entitled “The Way Out”. Which one of the following was a proposal in this pamphlet? (2010)
(a) The establishment of a “War Advisory Council” composed of representatives of British India and the Indian States
(b) Reconstitution of the Central Executive Council in such a way that all its members, except the Governor General and the Commander-in-Chief should be Indian leaders
(c) Fresh elections to the Central and Provincial Legislatures to be held at the end of 1945 and the Constitution making body to be convened as soon as possible
(d) A solution for the constitutional deadlock
Q. In the ‘Individual Satyagraha’, Vinoba Bhave was chosen as the first Satyagrahi. Who was the second? (2009)
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) C. Rajagopalachari
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Q. Consider the following statements: (2009) The Cripps Proposals include the provision for
- Full independence for India.
- Creation of a Constitution-making body.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Q. Who of the following Prime Ministers sent Cripps Mission to India? (2009)
(a) James Ramsay MacDonald
(b) Stanley Baldwin
(c) Neville Chamberlain
(d) Winston Churchill
Q. In the Federation established by the Government of India Act of 1935, residuary powers were given to the (2018)
(a) Federal Legislature
(b) Governor General
(c) Provincial Legislature
(d) Provincial Governors
Important British Legislation
Q. The Trade Disputes Act of 1929 provided for (2017)
(a) the participation of workers in the management of industries.
(b) arbitrary powers to the management to quell industrial disputes.
(c) an intervention by the British Court in the event of a trade dispute.
(d) a system of tribunals and a ban on strikes.
Q. With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct? (2015)
- The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the ‘Sedition Committee’.
- In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League.
- Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Q. The Rowlatt Act aimed at (2012)
(a) compulsory economic support to war efforts
(b) imprisonment without trial and summary procedures for trial
(c) suppression of the Khilafat Movement
(d) imposition of restrictions on freedom of the press
Q. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, why did Rowlatt Act arouse popular indignation? (2009)
(a) It curtailed the freedom of religion
(b) It suppressed the Indian traditional education
(c) It authorized the government to imprison people without trial
(d) It curbed the trade union activities
Q. Who was the Viceroy of India when the Rowlatt Act was passed? (2008)
(a) Lord Irwin
(b) Lord Reading
(c) Lord Chelmsford
(d) Lord Wavell
Various Movement and Organisation
Q. Consider the following pairs: Movement/ Leader Organization (2016)
- All India Anti- : Mahatma Gandhi Untouchability League
- All India Kisan Sabha : Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
- Self-Respect Movement : E.V. Ramaswami Naicker
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Q. In 1920, which of the following changed its name to “Swarajya Sabha”? (2018)
(a) All India Home Rule League
(b) Hindu Mahasabha
(c) South Indian Liberal Federation
(d) The Servants of India Society
Q. With reference to Indian freedom struggle, Usha Mehta is well-known for (2011)
(a) Running the secret Congress Radio in the wake of Quit India Movement
(b) Participating in the Second Round Table Conference
(c) Leading a contingent of Indian National Army
(d) Assisting in the formation of Interim Government under Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
Q. Who of the following founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association? (2009)
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) N.M. Joshi
(d) J.B. Kripalani
Q. During the Indian Freedom Struggle, who of the following raised an army called ‘Free Indian Legion’? (2008)
(a) Lala Hardayal
(b) Rashbehari Bose
(c) Subhas Chandra Bose
(d) V.D. Savarkar
Q. With reference to educational institutions during colonial rule in India, consider the following pairs: (2018)
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
