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20 Mar 2026
GS Paper 6
UP Special
Q. Discuss the impact of the Namami Gange Programme on pollution control in Uttar Pradesh. What challenges hinder its implementation? 8
Approach:
- Discuss the objective of Namami Gange Programme.
- Evaluate the impact of programme on pollution control in Uttar Pradesh.
- Highlight the challenges faced in its implementation.
- Conclude by mentioning strategic implementation of policies and community involvement for better result.
Answer:
Introduction
The Namami Gange Programme focuses on pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable water management. With ₹ 22,500 crore allocated, it aims to improve water quality and restore ecosystems, especially in Uttar Pradesh.
Body
Impact in Uttar Pradesh:
- Industrial Effluent Control: CETPs in Kanpur's leather industry reduced toxic discharge, increasing compliance from 39% to 82%, with a 28.6% reduction in effluent discharge and 47.2% reduction in BOD load.
- Biodiversity Conservation & Ecotourism: Increased dolphin sightings in Narora and Hastinapur; eco-tourism in Varanasi and Prayagraj boosted local employment.
- Community Engagement & Awareness: The Ganga Gram initiative ensured zero wastewater discharge from villages, while over 1 crore volunteers participated in the Swachh Ganga Abhiyan.
Challenges:
- Wastewater Mismanagement: Unregulated discharge from tanneries and cities continues to pollute the river.
- Plastic Pollution: Uncontrolled dumping of plastics, religious offerings, and human waste increases contamination.
- Encroachments & Deforestation: Urbanization and illegal settlements degrade the ecosystem.
- Lack of Accountability: Poor maintenance of treatment plants and weak enforcement hinder progress.
Conclusion
While this programme has made significant strides, a stronger focus on pollution control, accountability, and community participation is crucial for sustainable management.
