India Joins Tropical Forests Fund as Observer | 10 Nov 2025

Why in News?

India has joined the Brazil-led Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF) as an observer, reaffirming its commitment to multilateral climate action under the Paris Agreement, which marks its 10th anniversary this year.

Key Points

  • About Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF):
    • It was launched by Brazil in November 2025 at COP30 in Belém, Brazil to reward countries for conserving and restoring tropical forests through financial incentives.
    • It seeks to mobilise USD 125 billion via public and private investment, distributing returns to nations based on measurable success in forest protection and expansion.
    • The initiative aims to build a results-based global finance model for forest conservation and climate resilience, strengthening the role of tropical nations in the global climate agenda.
  • COP30 Climate Change Conference:
  • COP30, the 30th session of the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, is being held in Belém, Brazil, from 10th to 21st November, 2025.
  • It marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement (2015–2025) and focuses on implementing commitments made under it.
  • The agenda is to review progress on Paris goals, push for updated and ambitious NDCs (Nationally Determined Contributions), and ensure greater financing and technology transfer for climate adaptation and mitigation.
  • Six Pillars of Action
    • Mitigation: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
    • Adaptation: Building resilience to climate impacts.
    • Finance: Mobilising public and private climate funds.
    • Technology: Innovation and clean tech transfer.
    • Capacity-Building: Empowering local actors and systems.
    • Means of Implementation: IIntegrating all efforts into practical, on-ground change.

India’s Climate Progress

  • India achieved a 36% reduction in emission intensity between 2005 and 2020, surpassing its initial NDC goals.
  • It has installed over 200 GW of renewable energy capacity, ranking third globally, with non-fossil fuel sources exceeding 50% of total power capacity.
  • India’s forest and tree cover now spans 25.17% of its area, creating an additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalent between 2005 and 2021.
  • Globally, India leads key green initiatives such as the International Solar Alliance (ISA) with France (2015), and domestic efforts like the National Hydrogen Mission and Biofuel Programme, advancing its clean energy transition.